국방위원장체제의 이데올로기와 특징

이종국 ( Jong Guk Lee ) 북한연구학회 2005 北韓硏究學會報 Vol.9 No.2

This Article talk issue with ideology of Kim Jong-Il`s Regime and the characteristic of Kim Jong-Il`s National Defense Commission(NDC). In particular, I focuses on threes points. First, Historically since 1960, The Role of the Korean People`s Army(KPA) is an overwhelming power and plays a vital role in North Korea. Under Kim Jong-Il, The KPA has increased its political, social stature. In result, It plays important the pillar and main force revolution national security in North Korea society. Second, North Korea`s military system is situated in the decision making group. National Defense Commission, Central Military Committee, Ministry of people`s Armed Forces. Military and Security command structure set policy and overseas its implementations by the other military organizations. Especially, National Defense Commission controls Ministry of people`s Armed Forces. Third, Ideology of Kim Jong-Il`s Regime consist of Juche, the teachings left Kim Il Sung, the ideas Red Flag, Priority of Military, Strong State. It force North Korean people to self sacrifice and total obedience and absolute loyalty to him. Consequently, Supreme Commander of Kim is credited with army-people unity, promoting the army as a model for North Korean society. The logic of Priority of Military and Strong military state reproduce a government by a single person having unrestricted power.

스포츠 參與를 通한 靑少年들의 人性形成 比較硏究 : 서울특별시와 경기도 중학생을 대상으로

이종희,김성국 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 體育學論文集 Vol.28 No.-

To find the relationship between participating sports and building up humanity, let 608 middle school students in Seoul and Kyeonggi-do answer the survey of Beom-mo Cheong and Chong-seung Lee(Korea Testing Center. 1992) using T-test and F-test according to the elements. The results are the following. 1.Participating Style of Sports 1)As to sex, 39% of boys like to participate in sports, but 37% of girls don't like to. 2)As to the area, 35.22% students in the country participated in sports through mass media and 12.1% do it often. 31.3% participated in the city by mass media and 13.7% often. 2.Building up Humanity to Sports 1)Acting Participant(who participate in sports continuously) a.As to area, in the element of society, the students in the city is higher than those in the country. It made a big difference(p〈.01). b.As to sex, in society and activity elements, boys are higher than girls and in stability element, boys are higher and in the element of insecurity, girls are higher. c.As to grade, in the element of monomania, the 1st grader is higher than the 2nd and 3rd grade. So, statistically it made a big difference(p〈.05). 2)Recognizing Participant(who often participate in sports) a.As to area, in stability, insecurity, Melancholia and monomania elements, students in the country are higher than those in the city. b.As to sex, all the elements except carefulness, girls are higher than boys and in the element of stability, both boys and girls got the highest point. c.As to grade, autonomy element is being improved as to the higher grade and statistically it made a big difference(p〈.05). 3)Emotional Participant(who participate in sports by mass media) a.As to area in the element of insecurity, students in the country are higher and in the element of society, there was a big difference between the students in the city and those in the country(p〈.05). b.As to sex, in autonomy, insecurity, Melancholia and monomania elements, girls are higher than boys and there was a big difference(p〈.01). c.As to grade, stability, activity, Melancholia and monomania elements in the 2nd grade are higher and autonomy, control and carefulness in the 3rd grade, are higher. 3.Place of Sports Area In the country, 46.8% students play sports in the empty place around the house while in the city, 44.3% do it in the playground. Also, boys play in the playground and girls play in the empty place around the house. 4.The Items of Sports Activities As to the area, the first item in the country is soccer(25.76%) and the next is basketball. But in the city the first is badminton(22.5%) and the next is basketball. As to the sex, boys like soccer best(39.0%) and the next is basketball(25.8%). Girls like badminton(31.8%) and bicycling(19.6%). As it was shown, there was a big difference(p〈.001). 5.The Effect of Spores Activities Students in the country and in the city are expecting that their health and strength will improve through sports activities. But there wasn't a big difference. 6.The Motive of Sports Activities Boys and girls in the country and in the city, are motivated by mass media. As to sex, boys are motivated by mass media(39.2%) and girls are motivated by their parents' persuasion(31.6%). There were a big difference(p〈.001).

환경시료 중의 다이옥신류 분석방법에 관한 연구

김종국,신은섭 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1997 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.12 No.1

An analytical method was investigated for the isomer-specific determination of tetra to octa chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in environmental samples A series of column chromatographic clean up, silicagel, alumina, activated carbon, were discussed. Identification and quantification were performed using high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry. The result shows that the toxicologically important 2,3,7,8-substituted isomers can be separated from other isomers with two GC columns of DB-5 and DB-17. The range of internal standard recoveries were 71.3∼91.9% with 5.7∼11.3% standard deviations for environmental samples. The detection limits were 0.01∼0.1pg/g dry weight, for semident and soil samples, and 0.01∼0.06pg/g wet weight for organism samples.

음향방출기술에 의한 밸브누설평가 연구(1)

이상국,이선기,이준신,박종혁 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

The objective of this study is to estimate the feasibility of acoustic emission method for the internal leak from the valves. In this study, valve leak tests using various types of specimen simulated seat damage were performed in order to analyzer acoustic emission properties when leaks arise in valve seat. As a result of leak test for specimens simulated valve seat, we conformed that leak sound level increased in proportion to the increase of hole diameter and leak velocity, and decreased in proportion to the increase of leak depth. And also, leak sound level has hysteresis for leak velocity. From the experimental results, it was suggested that the acoustic emission method for monitoring of leak was feasible.

Primary Chronic Atrophic Gastritis 例에 있어서의 血淸 vitamin B₁₂値 關한 硏究

金宗克 고려대학교 의과대학 1981 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.18 No.2

Author has measured RBC count, hemoglobin level and hematocrit value including serum vitamin B₁₂ level on 106 patients with primary chronic atrophic gastritis confirmed by the gastrofiberscopy and tissue biopsy visiting to the Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Hospital from December, 1979 to October, 1980, and tried to establish the pathogenetic role of primary chronic atrophic gastritis in developing pernicious anemia. RBC count, hemoglobin level and hematocrit value which signify hematologic guideposts of anemia showed normal ranges; the serum vitamin B₁₂ levels appeared normal ranges with its M±176.6 pg/㎗ in all cases with primary chronic atrophic gastritis. The most common site of the involvement of chronic atrophic gastritis is antrum and body by showing 50.9 per cent in its frequency. The second most common site of the involvement consists in the entire wall of the stomach of antrum, body and fundus by 41.6 percent. It is concluded that the primary chronic atrophic gastritis does not supposedly play a role in developing pernicious anemia. Active studies concerning the relationship between chronic atrophic gastritis and pernicious anemia have to be performed immunologically in the future.

보직교사에 대한 역할기대와 역할수행 지각

신종국,한일조 금오공과대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

The study was attempted to analyse the teachers' perception of chief teachers' role expectation and role performance. A questionnaire asking teachers' thinking of chief teachers' role expectation and role performance was distributed over 320 high school teachers selected by stratified rancbm sampling throughout Gurni, Girnchon, and Sangju area of Gyeongbuk Province. Ordinary teachers tended to see chief teachers' role performance as 'so and so', responding positively to the questions of office and assistant work but negatively to the questions of lead/advice, mediation/arbitration, and human relationship work Teachers also expected high of chief teachers' role, especially in the field of mediation/arbitration. And generally ordinary teachers' role expectation of chief teachers was higher than their valuation of role performance, reaching the highest in mediation/arbitration.

위장관기능이상증에 있어서 Trimebutine Maleate (Polybutine^(�))의 치료효과

김종극,고광도 최신의학사 1981 最新醫學 Vol.24 No.8

가스 마이크로 검출기의 불감영역(Dead zone)의 연구

김종국,김도현,주관식 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 자연과학논문집 Vol.23 No.-

반도체 공정기법을 도입한 방서선 위치검출기인 가스마이크로 검출기(Gas-Micro Detector)는 높은 효율(both Quantum and Gain)과 우수한 위치분해능(Spatial resolution)을 구현하기 위하여 인가전압을 최대화 하고 양극선과 음극선 간격(half pitch)의 최소화 하려는 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 검출기의 수명과 효율에 치명적 손상을 초래하는 전자사태영역(Avajanche Region)에서의 전기장 강화의 한계점과 인가전압에 의한 양극선과 음극선 주위의 등진위선, 전기장선, 그리고 전기장의 세기를 실험과 시뮬레이션(Maxwell program)을 통해 조사하였다. 이 연구로부터 전하수집능력(rate capability)을 저하시키고, 미세한 전극간의 전기장을 교란시킴으로 효율의 불안정과 스파크현상을 초래시켜 검출기의 수명을 손상시키는 불갑영역(Dead Zone)이 존재함을 고찰하였다. Research work for improving image quality has been continued up to the present. Especially, the Gas Micro Detector (GMD) is a new class of radiation detectors in last decade. Due to its good characteristics such as better spatial resolution, better rate capability, higher gain, and lower cost, the GMD may have many potential application as a sensor in medical X-ray imaging, nuclear and high energy physics experiments, and many other fields requiring particle detection and measurement. By continual effort to improve image quality, it need to apply higher voltage and get reduced the spacing between anodes and cathodes in a small cross sectional area. In this work, we present studies of the behavior of gas gain with regard to drift field intensity, anode voltage (Va), drift voltage (Vd), different geometry pitches, electric potential field around cathode-anode strips, time dependence, and several operating parameters for detector's operating. Moreover, estimates of limits of electrical discharge energies are being presented based on computer simulation, Maxwell program package, to explain electrostatic field distortion by charge. From this experimental results, Dead Zone provided a field distortion, a relatively long charge collection time and hence loss of rate capability. We find out which geometric design has to be developed to improve high gain stability as well as detector's lifetime.

獨逸法上의 計劃確定決定의 集中效

朴鍾局 한국공법학회 2003 公法硏究 Vol.32 No.1

Sowohl zu den Planungsinstrumenten als auch zu den Instrumenten der direkten Verhaltenssteuerung la¨ßt sich die Planfeststellung rechnen. Die Rechtsprechung hat sie wiederholt dem Bereich der Planung zugeordnet. Das Ziel der Beurteilung der Zula¨ssigkeit eines einzelnen Vorhabens ru¨ckt die Planfeststellung indes in die Na¨he der Genehmigung. Die Durchfu¨hrung eines Planfeststellungsverfahrens (§§72ff. VwVfG) und dessen Abschluß durch Planfeststellungsbeschluß oder Plangenehmigung ist nicht nur ha¨ufig bei der Ero¨ffnungskontrolle von umweltrelevanten Großvorhanben gesetzlich angeordnet. Mittlerweile gibt es auch eine Reihe von Planfeststellungen mit umweltschutzspezifischem Charakter (Vgl.§31 Abs. 2 u. 3 KrW-/AbfG;§31 Abs. 2 u. 3WHG; §9b Atomgesets). Unterschiede zur Genehmigung liegen vor allem in der Weite der ejeweiligen Entscheidungsspielra¨ume und in der Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens. Planfeststellungsbeschlu¨sse und Plangenehmigungen zeichnen sich ferner durch ihre Konzentrationswirkung aus (§§67 Abs. 1; 74 Abs. 6 S.2 VwVfG). Jeder Erlaubnis kommt Gestattungswirkung zu. Daneben kann sie aber entsprechend den einschla¨gigen Vorschriften privatrechtsgestaltende Wirkung (Ausschlußwirkung) und Konzentrationswirkung haben. Privatrechtsgestaltende Wirkung hat eine Erlaubnis etwa, wenn sie den Betrieb der Anlage nicht nur o¨ffentlich-rechtlich zula¨ßt, sondern auch privatrechtliche Anspru¨che Dritter gegen den Betrieb abschneidet (vgl.§14 BlmSchG;7 Abs. 6 Atomgesetz;§11 WHG). Eine Konzentratioinswirkung kann in den Fa¨llen gesetzlich angeordnet werden, in denen ein bestimmtes Verhalten mehrere Erlaubnisse bedarf. Nach außen ist dann nur eine einzige Erlaubnis notwendig, welche die anderen Entscheidungen mit einschließt. Das setzt verwaltungsintern wechselseitige Beteiligungen und die Herstellung von Einvernehmen unter den zusta¨ndigen Beho¨rden voraus. In speziellen Fachgesetzen ist z. T. vorgesehen, daß es neben der Erteilung anderer Erlaubnisse und Genehmigungen einer gesonderten Erteilung der Baugenehmigung nicht mehr bedarf und diese Erlaubnisse und Genehmigungen damit eine Konzent-rationswirkung besitzen. So schließt gem.§13 BImSchG eine nach Maßgabe der §§4ff. BIm SchG I. V. mit der 4. Verordnung zur Durchfu¨hrung des BImSchG vom 14. 3. 1997 (BGBI. I, S.504) notwendige immissionsschutzrechtliche Genehmigung die Baugenehmigung ein. Fu?r eine Genehmigung nach §7 AtG gilt dies nur dann, wenn entweder die anzunehmende Landesbauordnung die Konzentrationswirkung anordnet (z. B.§48 Ⅲ 1 BW LBO) oder gem.§8 Ⅱ 1 AtG, wenn die atomrechtliche Genehmigung zugleich einer Genehmigung nach§4 BImSchG bedarf. Entsprechendes ist fu¨r Erlaubnisse nach den aufgrund des§11 Gera¨tesicherheitsgesetz erlassenen Vorschriften z. B. in§48 Ⅲ 1 BW LBO angeordnet. Eine Konzentrationswirkung kommt gem.§§75 I 1, 74 VI 2 VwVfG auch Planfeststellungsbeschlu¨ssen und Plangenehmigungen zu. Die Entbehrlichkeit einer Baugenehmigung bedeutet dabei nicht, daß die bauordnungsrechtlichen Bestimmungen fu¨r die Erteilung der aufgrund anderer Gesetze mit Konzentrationswirkung ausgestatteten Erlaubnisse und Planfeststellungsbeschlu¨sse irrelevant sind. Vielmehr sind sie grundsa¨tzlich auch beim Erlaß der in den Fachgesetzen geregelten Erlaubnisse, Genehmigungsverfahren sowie bei Planfeststellungsbeschlu¨ssen zu beachten. Das Ziel des streng formalisiert ausgestalteten Verwaltungsverfahrens, das mit dem Planfeststellungsbeschluß endet, besteht darin darin, die durch den Bau einer Straße vielfa¨ltig beru¨hrten, oftmals kollidierenden Belange einander verha¨ltnisma¨ßig zuzuordnen und auszugleichen. Ausgehend von dieser Vorgabe wird das Planfeststellungsverfahren in haltlich insbesondere von den Grundsa¨tzen der Problembewa¨ltigung und ger gerechten Abwa¨gung beherrscht, vgl.§17 Abs. S.2 FStrG. Der Grundsatz der Problembewa?ltigung begru¨ndet die Verpflichtung, im Rahmen eines Planfeststellungsbeschlusses eine einheitliche Planungsentscheidung zu treffen. Ein Vorbehalt spa¨terer Planerga¨nzung ist als Ausnahme von diesem Gebot nur dann zula¨ssig, wenn der Vorbehalt ausdru¨cklich im Planfeststellungsbeschluß enthalten ist und seinerseits die Grenzen planerischer Gestaltungsfreiheit, insbesondere das Abwa¨gungsgebot, beachtet,§74 Abs. 3 VwVfG. Eine enteignungsrechtliche Planfeststellung ist subsidia¨r gegenu¨ber anderen Planfeststellungsverfahren, die zwingend vorgeschrieben oder in das Ermessen der Planfeststellungsbeho¨rde gestellt sind. Auch der enteignungsrechtliche Planfeststellungsbeschluß ist ein Verwaltungsakt, gegen, den die Betroffenen die gleichen Rechtsschutzmo¨glichkeiten wie gegen einen straßenrechtlichen Planfeststellungsbeschluß haben. Im Gegensatz zu diesem entfaltet er jedoch keine Genehmigungs und Konzentrationswirkung. Folgendermaßen ist der Inhalt der Konzentrationswirkung von Planfeststellungsbeschluß im VwVfG; Ⅰ. Einleitung Ⅱ. Rechtsgrund der Konzentrationswirkung von Planfeststellungsverfahren im VwVfG. Ⅲ. Gegenstand der Konzentrationswirkung von Planfeststellungsbeschluß im VwVfG. Ⅳ. Grad der Konzentrationswirkung von Planfeststellungsbeschluß im VwVfG. Ⅴ. Schlußbemerkung.

肝疾患의 Immunoglobulin量 變動에 관한 臨床的 硏究

金宗克,高侊道 고려대학교 의과대학 1975 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.12 No.1

Author has studied 62 subjects who had been admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Medical College of Korea University and diagnosed by liver biopsy and 10 healthy Koreans from July, 1972 to Sept., 1973. Blood collected from the patients had been stored in freezing at -20 degree centigrade. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Blood level of immunoglobulins (Mean±Standard Deviation) in healthy Koreans are: IgG 1,387±254, IgA 171±78, IgM 94±33. The unit is ㎎/dl. 2. In acute hepatitis including icteric and nonicteric cases IgG is 1,616±314 and increased above normal range in 50 per cent of cases by mild degree with statistical significance. IgA is 313±86 and increased in 63 per cent by high degree with statistical significance and IgM is 133±66 and increased in 44 per cent by moderate degree with statistical significance. 3. In chronic hepatitis IgG is 1,788±302 and increased above normal range in 64 per cent of cases by mild degree with statistical significance. IgA is 347±127 and increased in 73 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 143±80 and increased in 45 per cent by moderate degree without statistical significance. 4. In liver cirrhosis IgG is 1,958±449 and increased above normal range in 78 per cent by moderate degree with statistical significance. IgA is 390±129 and increased in 83 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 160±69 and increased in 72 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. 5. In primary hepatoma IgG is 1,649±402 and increased above normal range in 71 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance. IgA is 376±171 and increased in 71 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 149±66 and increased in 57 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance. 6. In reactive hepatitis IgG is 1,571±383 and increased above normal range in 40 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance. IgA is 333±130 and increased in 80 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 123±62 and increased in 40 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance.