Das Individuum in dem Denken Wilhelm von Humboldts

Isabella Ferron 원광대학교 원불교사상연구원 2011 원불교사상과 종교문화 Vol.48 No.-

본 논문은 빌헬름 폰 훔볼트(Willhelm von Humboldt)의 사상의 주요 개념인‘개인(Individum, individual man)’에 초점을 두고 논의를 진행한다. 훔볼트의‘개인’개념은 그의 국가관에 관한 정치적 성찰 뿐 아니라, 그의 모든 연구에서, 언어와 인류를 정의하고 분석하는데 중요하게 다뤄지고 있다. 훔볼트의‘개인’개념의 분석을 통해 각각의 개인은 인류의 경험적인 표상이고, 존중받고 양성되어야 할 다양한 개인적인 표상이 존재한다는 것 논의가 드러난다. 정치적인 담론을 보면, 훔 볼트는 프랑스 혁명에 의해 발생한 정치적 사건과 상황을 언급하면서 서로 다른 경험적 표상들을 가진 개인들을 기반으로 성립된 국가에 관한 논의들을 전개하였다. 다양성은 개인이나 사회의 부정적 요소가 아니다. 오히려 다양성은 문화적 사회를 형성하는데 도움이 되는 긍정적인 성격을 지니고 있다. 이런 목적에서 시민의 교육은 개인과 공공의 안전을 보장하는 국가의 이념에 관련있는 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다. The present paper wants to focus its attention on a concept, which is very important and relevant to understand the thought of Wilhelm von Humboldt, i.e. the concept of the individual man. This concept is very important not only in his political reflections on the rule of the State, but also in all his works, in the ones which deal with the definition and the analysis of Language and in the anthropological ones. In the analysis of this concept it emerges that every individual man is for Humboldt not only the empirical manifestation of the Mankind, but also that there are a variety of invidual manifestations which are to be respected and promoted. In a political discourse: referring to his political situation and the events caused by the French Revolution, Humboldt developped the idea of a State based on the individual in his different empirical manifestations. Diversity is not a negative aspect of the individual man or of the society, on the contrary a positive characteristic which can help to build a cultivated society. For this goal the education (Bildung) of the citizens is one of the most important elements connected with the Idea of a State, whose function is only to guarantee the individual and public security of its citizens.

Acupuncture in Postdate Pregnancy Management

Isabella Neri,Lucrezia Pignatti,,Francesca Fontanesi,Fabio Facchinetti 사단법인약침학회 2018 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.11 No.5

Objectives Pharmacological labor induction is obtained through prostaglandins application and/or oxytocin infusion; however, the use seems to be related to fetal and maternal side effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine advocates the use of acupuncture to soften the cervix and induce uterine contractions. at which presented for The primary outcome was the rate of women admitted for labour induction in case of prolonged pregnancy at 41 + 5 weeks, and the secondary outcome was the rate of induction planning for other indications. Methods After obtaining informed consent, 375 undelivered women after 40 + 2 gestational age were enrolled for the study: 112 women received acupuncture and 263, routine care. Acupuncture was applied every odd day starting from 40 + 2 weeks up to 41 + 4 weeks. Women allocated to the control group received standard care. At 41 + 5 weeks, a pharmacological induction was planned. Results The rate of labor induction significantly differed between acupuncture and observation groups (19.6% vs. 38%; p < 0.01); in particular, women receiving acupuncture showed a lower rate of induction, indicating prolonged pregnancy (5.3% vs. 10.1%; p < 0.01). As far as the pharmacological device is concerned, no differences were observed with regard to the prostaglandins use, whereas oxytocin infusion rate was lower in the acupuncture group than in the observation group. ConclusionsThe present study suggested that acupuncture applied at term of pregnancy seems to be effective in reducing the rate of labor induction which is performed for prolonged pregnancy at 41 + 5 weeks. Moreover, acupuncture also seems to be able to reduce oxytocin use; such a “saving” effect could play a role in childhood, considering that a recent study underlined the adverse effect of oxytocin on birth outcomes.

Impact of Artistic Gymnastics on Bone Formation Marker, Density and Geometry in Female Adolescents: ABCD-Growth Study

Isabella Neto Exupério,Ricardo Ribeiro Agostinete,André Oliveira Werneck,Santiago Maillane-Vanegas,Rafael Luiz-de-Marco,Eduardo D.L. Mesquita,Han C.G. Kemper,Rômulo Araújo Fernandes 대한골대사학회 2019 대한골대사학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Background: To compare bone density accrual and markers of bone geometry and formation between female adolescents engaged and not engaged in artistic gymnastics (AGs). Methods: This was a 12-month longitudinal study involving 20 female adolescents, including 10 controls and 10 gymnasts (AGs) aged 11 to 16 years. At baseline, the gymnasts had a minimum of 12 months of practice, and the controls reported no participation in any organized sport. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in the lower limbs, upper limbs, spine, and whole body. In addition, BMD and geometrical properties of the femur were assessed. As a bone formation marker, osteocalcin level was measured. Results: Femoral aspects were increased in the gymnasts by 19% (P=0.009), 14% (P=0.047), and 10% (P=0.046) in the Ward’s triangle, trochanter, and the overall bone, respectively, than in the control girls. Geometrical parameters, bone accrual, and osteocalcin levels were similar in both groups. The weekly training load explained 30.8% of all bone gains on the lower limbs and affected the density on parts of the femur. Conclusions: The gymnasts, after a 12-month follow-up, demonstrated a higher BMD in the Ward’s triangle and whole femur than the controls, as well as an improvement in femur density. These changes were mainly due to the weekly training load. Lastly, the gymnasts had significant bone accrual (after 12 months) in the upper limbs, lower limbs, and whole body.

Redundancy Elimination: The Case of Artificial Languages

Isabella Chiari 세종대학교 언어연구소 2007 Journal of Universal Language Vol.8 No.2

This paper discusses how artificial languages deal with redundancy at the theoretical level of planning and in their actual textual manifestations. After a brief introduction to the notion of redundancy in linguistics and information theory, we propose a new definition, under the light of which we observe diferent expressions in artificial languages, mostly Esperanto. Redundancy is strictly connected to predictability, uneven frequencies, functional asymmetries and syntagmatic constraints. In natural languages it represents a constitutive principle of comunication, being present in all semiotic systems, including animal communication. What happens in artificial languages? Is redundancy expression a topic of discussion in language planning? How does it manifest in languages like Esperanto? A review of some of the major issues in language design is presented, underlining which features of redundancy can be eliminated and which are constitutive of any language, whether natural or artificial. Redundancy of graphemic systems, distributional redundancy of phonotactics, allomorphy, agreement and government as expressions of functional redundancy, and word order distributional properties will be considered as key manifestations of redundancy, observing how they are portrayed in planned languages.

Natural Beauty Along Han River

Isabella Bird Bishop The Academy of Korean Studies 1963 Korea Journal Vol.3 No.9

Acupressure on Self-Reported Sleep Quality During Pregnancy

Isabella Neri,Raffaele Bruno,Giulia Dante,Fabio Facchinetti 사단법인약침학회 2016 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.9 No.1

The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of acupression at the H7 point on sleep quality during pregnancy. After oral consent had been obtained, the midwife invited the women claiming to have poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-1. Then, the same midwife, previously trained by an expert acupuncturist (I.N.), advised the women to put on the wrist overnight compression H7 Insomnia Control half an hour before going to bed and to take it off upon awakening, for 10 consecutive days and thereafter every odd day (active group). Women refusing to wear the device for low compliance toward acupression were considered as the control group. After 2 weeks, a second questionnaire evaluation was completed. In the active, but not in the control, group, a significant improvement of sleep quality was observed after H7 device application. The study suggests that H7 acupression applied for 2 weeks improves sleep quality in pregnant women. This preliminary result should serve to stimulate further studies on the long-term effects of acupression.

[Book] Burial Customs

ISABELLA B. BISHOP The Academy of Korean Studies 1971 Korea Journal Vol.11 No.2

Detection of Methylated Circulating DNA as Noninvasive Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Isabella Wai Yin Cheuk,Vivian Yvonne Shin,Ava Kwong 한국유방암학회 2017 Journal of breast cancer Vol.20 No.1

Internationally, breast cancer is the most common female cancer, and is induced by a combination of environmental, genetic, and epigenetic risk factors. Despite the advancement of imaging techniques, invasive sampling of breast epithelial cells is the only definitive diagnostic procedure for patients with breast cancer. To date, molecular biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for the screening and early detection of breast cancer are lacking. Recent evidence suggests that the detection of methylated circulating cell-free DNA in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer may be a promising quantitative and noninvasive method for cancer diagnosis. Methylation detection based on a multi-gene panel, rather than on the methylation status of a single gene, may be used to increase the sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer screening. In this review, the results of 14 relevant studies, investigating the efficacy of cell-free DNA methylation screening for breast cancer diagnosis, have been summarized. The genetic risk factors for breast cancer, the methods used for breast cancer detection, and the techniques and limitations related to the detection of cell-free DNA methylation status, have also been reviewed and discussed. From this review, we conclude that the analysis of peripheral blood or other samples to detect differentially methylated cell-free DNA is a promising technique for use in clinical settings, and may improve the sensitivity of screening for both, early detection and disease relapse, and thus improve the future prognosis of patients with breast cancer.

Health Related Quality of Life in Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Isabella Quinti,Stefano Tabolli,Cristina Di Pietro,Helene Martini,Anna Maria Pesce,Francesca Lombardi,Maddalena Baumghartner,Stefania Colantuono,Cinzia Milito 연세대학교의과대학 2012 Yonsei medical journal Vol.53 No.3

Purpose: To quantify the health related quality of life in primary immunodeficiency patients. Materials and Methods: We used generic health status and general psychological health questionnaires to determine the range of issues that needed to be considered in examining the burden of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Results: The health status of patients with CVID was lower than that observed in normal subjects. Overall, Role-Physical and General Health scales correlated with a poorer clinical status. Surprisingly, the duration of disease did not influence health status. Being female, older, General Health Questionnaire-positive and alexithymic proved to be major risk factors associated with a poor health status. Patients with chronic lung disease and chronic diarrhea had the lowest values on the Medical Outcome Study, Short Form SF-36 (SF-36) scales. Disease severity perception was associated with the General Health Questionnaire and alexithymia status. Limitations in daily activities as a result of lower physical health were the major problems facing common variable immunodeficiency patients. Conclusion: Our data underlined the importance of conducting a periodical health related quality of life assessment on patients with primary antibody deficiencies and, moreover, stressed the necessity of providing psychological support to at risk patients.

Si-jo·A-ra-ru¨ng etc.

Isabella L. Bishop.,八公山人 朝鮮語學會 1932 朝鮮語文 Vol.- No.5

조선성악(가요를 운위하는 듯)에는 3종류가 있나니 기 제1형식은 Si-jo(시조)며 그 곡조는 완조다. 그리고 시조는 그 온습에 막대한 정력과 시간을 희생하는 기생(Dancing girls)에 한하여서만 선창함을 득한다고 전한다. 그러므로 시조의 일종은 주연가(Convivial songs)로서 성창된다. 지금 서울의 H. B. Hulbert씨의 조력을 얻어 23역가를 소개한다. (The Korean Repository, February 1896)