한국어교육에서 그림 묘사하기의 교육적 적용을 위한 연구

김인규 ( Kim¸ In-kyu ) 한민족어문학회 2021 韓民族語文學 Vol.- No.93

본 연구는 한국어교육에서 사용되는 기법 가운데 ‘그림 묘사하기’를 통해 한국어 학습자의 한국어 말하기 능력을 살피는 데에 주안점을 두었다. 이를 위해 ‘그림 묘사하기와 언어 학습’, ‘그림 묘사하기’와 교육과정의 관계를 논의하였다. 그리고 그림 묘사하기에서 중요한 요소인 ‘그림’이 어떻게 구성되고 선정되어야 하는지에 대한 방법을 제시하였다. 그림 묘사하기의 실제를 살펴보기 위해 한국어 학습 기간이 다른 두 집단을 선정하였고, 여섯 단계의 질문을 통해 각 그룹의 ‘그림 묘사하기’ 능력이 어떻게 되는지 살펴보았다. 실험 결과 한국어 학습 기간이 짧은 학습자군이 그렇지 못한 학습자군보다 묘사하기 능력이 떨어진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 대체로 두 집단 모두 그림 묘사하기에 있어서 개선해야 할 부분들이 많이 발견되었다. 이 연구를 통해 ‘그림 묘사하기’를 수업 및 평가에 적용할 수 있는 논의점들을 살펴볼 수 있었으며 그림 구성, 묘사하기 질문의 절차 등에 대해서 더욱 효과적인 방안들을 모색할 수 있었다. The aim of this study was to examine Korean learners' Korean speaking ability using picture-cued description, one of the techniques used in Korean language education. To this end, the relationship between 'Picture-cued-Description and language learning' and the relationship between 'Picture-cued-Description and curriculum' were discussed. This study provided methods on how 'pictures' should be constructed and selected. These methods are important elements in Picture-cued- Description. In order to examine how Picture-cued-Description worked in reality, two groups with different Korean language learning periods were selected and six-step questions were asked to examine each group's ability of Picture-cued-Description. The result of the experiment showed that the group of learners with a shorter Korean language learning period was less capable of describing pictures than the other group of learners. However, it also showed that, in general, the learners’ ability of describing pictures in both groups left room for many improvements. In this study, how to apply Picture-cued-Description to classes and evaluation was discussed. More effective ways of constructing pictures and how to present Picture-cued-Description questions were explored.

Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily: Expression and Regulation at the Maternal-conceptus Interface in Pigs

Inkyu Yoo,Yoon Chul Kye,Jisoo Han,Soohyung Lee,Wonchul Jung,Tae Sub Park,Cheol-Heui Yun,Hakhyun Ka 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2018 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.06

For the establishment of successful pregnancy the maternal immune system must tolerate the implanting semi-allogenic conceptus, but the mechanism underlying this process is not fully understood in pigs. Among many factors, members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) have been considered as important immune regulators in cell-mediated immunity. TNFSF members bind to their responsive receptor containing cytoplasmic death domain to induce apoptosis in immune cells. Action of TNFSF members at the during pregnancy has been studied in some species including humans, mice and cows, suggesting that the TNFSF-induced apoptosis of activated maternal immune cells at the maternal-conceptus interface may be one of the mechanisms against rejection of semi-allogenic fetus. However, the expression and function of TNFSF members at the maternal-conceptus interface have not fully understood in pigs. Thus, to initiate the study on the role of TNFSF members for the establishment of pregnancy, we determined the expression of the TNFSF members, CD40 ligand (CD40LG), FAS ligand (FASLG), TNFα and TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL; TNFSF10) in the endometrium and conceptus tissues during pregnancy in pigs. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that CD40LG, FASLG, TNFα and TNFSF10 mRNAs were expressed in the uterine endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Levels of CD40LG, FASLG, TNF-α and TNFSF10 mRNA in endometrial tissues significantly increased on Day 15 of pregnancy, and levels of FASLG, TNF-α and TNFSF10 were also high on Day 60 of pregnancy and decreased thereafter. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that CD40LG and TNFSF10 proteins were localized mainly to luminal epithelial (LE) cells on Day 15 of pregnancy and amniotic membrane during late pregnancy, while FASLG protein was localized to LE cells during Day 30 to term and glandular epithelial cells during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. To understand the regulatory mechanism of endometrial CD40LG, FASLG and TNFSF10 expression by conceptus-derived cytokines, we treated endometrial tissues with increasing doses of interferon-γ (IFNG) and interferon-δ (IFND) and found that IFNG increased the expression of CD40L, TNFα and TNFSF10 mRNA, but not FASLG mRNA, and IFND increased TNFSF10 mRNA. To further understand the role of TNFSF10 on apoptosis of immune cells at the maternal-conceptus interface, we measured cell death of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by uterine epithelial cells expressing TNFSF10, and found that TNFSF10-expressing epithelial cells decreased survival of immune cells, especially of myeloid lineage. These results showed that CD40LG, FASLG, TNFα and TNFSF10 were expressed in a cell-type and stage-specific fashion in the endometrium during pregnancy, suggesting that CD40LG, FASLG, TNF and TNFSF10 may play an important role in the establishment of pregnancy by regulating the maternal immune response at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs.

Construction and characterization of Squash and Oriental melon BAC libraies

InKyu Park,JeongYeo Lee,EunHee Han,OkHee Cho,HyeRan Kim 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

Cucumis melo L. is an economically important crop. Genetically, Cucumis melo and Cucurbita maxima belong to Cucurbitaceae family, however, genetic characteristics such as genome size and stress tolerance, are different. To provide genomic resources for the Cucurbitaceae crop improvement, we constructed two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries for oriental melon (Gotgam chamoe) and squash (Cucurbita Maxima), named ‘Gotgamchamoe BACH1’ and ‘Maxma BACH1’, respectively. Three hundred eighty four BACs were randomly selected and analyzed by Not I restriction enzyme digestion in order to evaluate the libraries in terms of insert size, empty clone ratio. Gotgamchamoe BACH1 was consisted of 92,160 BAC clones with an average insert size of 116kb ranging from 8 to 252kb. Maxima BACH1 was comprised 158,380 clones with an 116Kb of an average insert size ranging 8 to 305Kb. The both libraries were represented 20 haploid genome equivalents based on the reported genome sizes of 500Mb and 900Mb for Gotgamchamoe and maxima. The empty ratios of both libraries were 1.04 and 1.50% for Gotgamchamoe and maxima, respectively. These high quality BAC resources will provide a useful platform for genomic research and crop improvement for Cucurbitacea crops.

Alpha Lipoic AcidTreatment in Different Steatohepatitis Model

Inkyu Lee(이인규) 한국실험동물학회 2009 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.2

Overturning Resistance of Plain Concrete Piers in OSPG Railroad Bridges

Inkyu Rhee,Joonam Park,Eunsoo Choi 한국철도학회 2010 International Journal of Railway Vol.3 No.1

The steel plate-girder bridges with concrete gravity piers have possibilities of overturning by lateral inertial force which can be reproduced by sudden earthquake attack. This paper explores an overturning mechanism of existing concrete gravity pier onto the sandy soil in the event of lateral push-over load by in-situ experimental observation. The in-situ push-over experiment for pier with earth anchors between spread footing and rock beds exhibits a reasonable enhancement of ductility against overturning. In unanchored system, a flexural crack at cold joint of concrete pier is not developed because of the over-turning of the pier. This leads a global instability (rotation) of pier-footing system with relatively low stresses in pier itself. While a lateral load is persistently increased in anchored system, the successive flexural cracking failure at cold joint is observed even after the local shear failure of soil due to redistribution of stress equilibrium between soil and pier structure as long as a tensile action of anchor cable is active.

Seismic Response Analysis of Lightly Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls

Inkyu Rhee 한국철도학회 2010 International Journal of Railway Vol.3 No.2

Global and local behaviors of a lightly RC shear walls are investigated in this paper. For the sake of cyclic behaviors, nominal ground accelerations of 0.15 g, 0.40 g and 0.55 g which associated with natural periods of the walls are applied as listed in French CAMUS-2000 shake table test. Modified Kent & Park model, Drucker-Prager model for concrete material and Giufre-Menegotto-Pinto model for rebar are used for time history analyses using fiber/solids elements respectively. Alternatively, Eulerian beam analysis are discussed by imposing inelastic hinges at the most possible plastic hinge location using modified Takeda's trilinear model with stiffness reduction. Relative displacements, base shears, bending moments of 5-story shear building with 36-tons of mass under bi-lateral seismic excitation are extracted and compared with EC-8, PS-92 and KBC-09 provisions. Multi-scaled degradation process; material damage, elemental fracture and structural failure in turn is discussed in the view of numerical accuracy, efficiency and limitation depending on three different model-based analyses.

Novel phase transition method of upconversion nanocrystals with enhanced luminescence intensity

( Inkyu Jeon ),( Dahye Baek ),( Dowon Kim ),( Jiseok Lee ) 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.1

Dissection of Korean landrace chamoe (Cucumis melo var. makuwa) genome

Inkyu Park,Jae-Pil Choi,Jungeun Kim,Jeongyeo Lee,Soohwan Lim,Mi-Ye Lee,Hey-Ran Kim 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

The oriental melon (C. melo var. makuwa), called ‘Chamoe’ in Korean, is a popular fruit crop cultivated mainly in Asia and a high–market value crop in Korea. To provide a genomic resource as a reference genome for the Cucurbitaceae crop improvement, we performed whole genome sequencing of Korean landrace, Gotgam chamoe. We used Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing platform to generate 89 Gb (205X) of paired and mate pair sequence reads. The pre-processed reads were de novo assembled resulting in 4,764 scaffolds with a N50 scaffold length of 249kb. This assembly represented 379.8Mb which was 84.7% of the 448Mb of the whole genome. The assembled draft was predicted 26,634 genes of which 80% were predicted by known protein or C. melo unigene homology. Approximately 20% of predicted genes were hypothetical. A total of 1,885 non-coding RNA was detected including rRNA. The transposable elements were accounted for 21% (71.6Mb) of the total assembly. All the marker candidates including SSR, INDEL, SNP were mined and presented. The draft genome will provide a useful platform for genomic research and improvement for Cucurbitacea crops.

Visual Hyper-vigilance But Insufficient Mental Representation in Children with Overweight/Obesity: Eventrelated Potential Study with Visual Go/NoGo Test

Inkyu Gill,Jin-Hwa Moon,Yong Joo Kim,Ja Hye Kim,Dong Hyun Ahn,Min Sook Koh 대한소아소화기영양학회 2019 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.22 No.3

Purpose: The neural processing of children with overweight/obesity (CWO), may affect their eating behavior. We investigated the visual information processing of CWO under response control condition, by event-related potential (ERP) study, an electrophysiologic study for cognitive mechanism. Methods: Seventeen CWO (mean age: 10.6±1.9), and 17 age-matched non-obese children (NOC), participated in the study. Neurocognitive function tests and visual ERP under Go/ NoGo conditions, were implemented. Area amplitudes of major ERP components (P1, N1, P2, N2, and P3) from four scalp locations (frontal, central, parietal, and occipital), were analyzed. Results: For Go and NoGo conditions, CWO had significantly greater occipital P1, frontocentral N1, and P2 amplitudes compared with NOC. P2 amplitude was significantly greater in CWO, than in NOC, at the frontal location. N2 amplitude was not significantly different, between CWO and NOC. For CWO and NOC, Go P3 amplitude was highest at the parietal location, and NoGo P3 amplitude was highest at the frontal location. In Go and NoGo conditions, P3 amplitude of CWO was significantly less than in NOC. Conclusion: The greater P1, N1, and P2 suggested hyper-vigilance to visual stimuli of CWO, but the smaller P3 suggested insufficient mental representation of them. Such altered visual processing, may affect the eating behavior of CWO.

Tumor Necrosis Superfamily: Expression and Regulation at the Maternal- Conceptus Interface in Pigs

Inkyu Yoo,Jisoo Han,Hwanhee Jang,Soogil Chae,Soohyung Lee,Hakhyun Ka 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2

For the establishment of successful pregnancy the maternal immune system must tolerate the implanting semi-allogenic conceptus, but the mechanism underlying this process is not fully understood in pigs. Among many factors, members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) have been considered as important immune regulators in cell-mediated immunity. TNFSF members bind to their responsive receptor containing cytoplasmic death domain to induce apoptosis in immune cells. Action of TNFSF members at the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy has been studied in some species including humans, mice and cows, suggesting that apoptosis of activated maternal immune cells in the uterine endometrium is a defense mechanism against rejection of semi-allogenic fetus. However, the expression and function of TNFSF members at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs have not fully understood. Thus, to initiate the study on the role of TNFSF members for the establishment of pregnancy, we determined the expression of CD40 ligand (CD40LG), FAS ligand (FASLG) and TNFrelated apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL; TNFSF10) in the uterine endometrium and conceptus tissues during pregnancy in pigs. We obtained endometrial tissues from day (D) 12 and D15 of the estrous cycle, and D12, D15, D30, D60, D90, and D114 of pregnancy, conceptus tissues on D12, D15, and chorioallantoic tissues on D30, D60, D90, and D114 of pregnancy in pigs. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that CD- 40LG, FASLG and TNFSF10 mRNAs were expressed in the uterine endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Levels of CD40LG, FASLG and TNFSF10 mRNA in endometrial tissues were significantly increased on D15 of pregnancy and levels of FASLG and TNFSF10 were also high on D60 of pregnancy and decreased thereafter. Chorioallantoic tissues also expressed CD40LG, FASLG and TNFSF10 mRNA during mid- to late pregnancy. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that CD40LG and TNFSF10 proteins were mainly localized to luminal epithelial (LE) cells on D15 of pregnancy and amniotic membrane during late pregnancy, while FASLG protein was localized to LE cells during D30 to term and glandular epithelial cells during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. To understand the regulatory mechanism of endometrial CD- 40LG, FASLG and TNFSF10 expression by interferon gamma (IFNG), which is pro- duced by the implanting conceptus, we treated endometrial tissues with increasing doses of IFNG and found that IFNG increased the expression of FASLG and TNFSF10 mRNA, but not CD40LG mRNA. These results indicate that CD40LG, FASLG and TNFSF10 are expressed in a cell-type and stage-specific fashion in the uterine endometrium and chorioallantoic tissues during pregnancy, suggesting that CD40LG, FASLG and TNFSF10 may play an important role in the establishment of pregnancy by regulating the maternal immune response at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs.