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CDKN1A is a Negative Regulator of the Morula to Blastocyst Transition
Inchul Chol,Jiyeon Jeong 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2
Fertilized zygotic embryos rapidly cleave and proliferate without cell cycle checkpoint such as G1/S, G2/M check point, and they do not show apoptosis during early embryo cleavage stages. In vivo fertilized mouse embryos were exposed to 14 Gy X-ray irradiation immediately after pronuclear formation and cultured until the blastocyst stage. We found the X-ray irradiated embryo did not develop to blastocyst, however, 1-cell zygotes injected by CDKN1A siRNA overcome the morula arrest and developed to blastocyst. We also examined regulator genes for CDKN1A using qRT-PCR, but the expression levels of genes were not changed. In conclusion, CDKN1A regulate stage specific DNA damage between morula and blastocyst stages.
Channel Coding-Aided Multi-Hop Transmission for Throughput Enhancement
Inchul Hwang,Hanho Wang 한국콘텐츠학회 2016 International Journal of Contents Vol.12 No.1
Wireless communication chipsets have fixed transmission rate and communication distance. Although there are many kinds of chipsets with throughput and distance purpose, they cannot support various types of wireless applications. This paper provides theoretic research results in order to support various wireless applications requiring different throughput, delayed quality-of-service (QoS), and different communication distances by using a wireless communication chipset with fixed rate and transmission power. As a performance metric, the probability for a data frame that successfully receives at a desired receiver is adopted. Based on this probability, the average number of transmission in order to make a successful frame transmission is derived. Equations are utilized to analyze the performance of a single-hop with channel coding and a dual-hop without error correction matter transmission system. Our results revealed that single-hop transmission assisted by channel coding could extend its communication distance. However, communication range extending effect of the single-hop system was limited. Accordingly, dual-hop transmission is needed to overcome the communication distance limit of a chipset.
Korea’s Capitalistic Planning Model
Inchul Kim 한국경제연구학회 2010 Korea and the World Economy Vol.11 No.1
Mongolia transitioned from a socialist economy to a free market system in the early 1990s. Its status as a land-locked country with abundant natural resources and but a small population of only 3 million has prompted the growth of livestock herding and mining as the two major industries. This dependence has rendered Mongolia‘s economy susceptible to fluctuations in the world market. This paper analyzes Korea‘s model of long-term planning to highlight the essential conditions for economics success, inclusive of strong political leadership and labor migration from the rural sector to urban sectors. Mongolia is urged to adopt a capitalistic planning model to secure long term development, placing particular emphasis on the development of a proper macroeconomic management strategy to lessen the impact of the 2008 global financial crisis.
The Religious Approach to Tax Burden
Inchul Kim,MinKyong Ko 한국공공정책학회 2009 공공정책연구 Vol.16 No.1
It seems fairly common on earth that people resist against taxation. Nevertheless the historical record of recent times indicates that the tax burden has been constantly increasing. In this paper we develop a simple model of donation to explain how and when tax payers reduce or increase their tax payment and we attempt to identify factors that would induce tax payers to willingly accept their increasing tax burden.
A Study on Incidence of Risk Factor for Assessing Maritime Traffic Risk
Inchul Kim 해양환경안전학회 2017 海洋環境安全學會誌 Vol.23 No.4
In order to assess risk as a basic step for securing safety, it requires to select risk factors and determine the frequency and the severity of the consequence of each risk factor. This research adopted common risk factors among well-known maritime risk assessment models, and proposed objective criteria to gauge the risk level of each risk factor. The starting points of risk evolution were chosen for criteria according to related studies and seafarers’ experience. The rate of risk appearance over the criteria is named as the incidence of risk factor. Therefore, the total risk level is expressed as the combination of incidence of each risk factor and severity. This quantitative method would be applied to measuring and comparing the risk level of target maritime zones, and it would also be useful to survey which risk factor be focused for reducing the total risk of a certain maritime zone.
Macroeconomic Policy Strategy for A Small Transition Economy, Mongolia
Inchul Kim 한국공공정책학회 2007 공공정책연구 Vol.14 No.3
Mongolia, a former socialist country is formulating long-term plans for economic growth and seeking appropriate policy strategies. To achieve economic objectives, the government tries to adopt a variety of policies including trade policy, monetary policy, fiscal policy, and foreign debt management. In this paper, we attempt to shed light on the adoption of policy strategies for a small open economy in general, and for Mongolia, in particular. We point out the interdependence of macroeconomic goals and the necessity of taking the appropriate use of effective policies for Mongolia. Also we recommend range-targeting instead of point-targeting when deciding on the targets on growth, inflation, money supply and the exchange rate because of uncertainty and time lag in policy effectiveness.
The Role of Protein Kinases in Reprogramming and Development of SCNT Embryos
Inchul Choi,Keith H. S. Campbell 한국수정란이식학회 2015 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.1
Successful somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been reported across a range of species using a range of recipient cells including enucleated metaphase II (MII) arrested oocytes, enucleated activated MII oocytes, and mitotic zygotes. However, the frequency of development to term varies significantly, not only between different cytoplast recipients but also within what is thought to be a homogenous population of cytoplasts. One of the major differences between cytoplasts is the activities of the cell cycle regulated protein kinases, maturation promoting factor (MPF) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK). Dependent upon their activity, exposure of the donor nucleus to these kinases can have both positive and negative effects on subsequent development. Co-ordination of cell cycle stage of the donor nucleus with the activities of MPF and MAPK in the cytoplast is essential to avoid DNA damage and maintain correct ploidy. However, recent information suggests that these kinases may also effect reprogramming of the somatic nucleus and preimplantation embryo development by other mechanisms. This article will summarise the differences between cytoplast recipients, their effects on development and discuss the potential role/s of MPF and or MAPK in nuclear reprogramming.