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서인열 동국대학교 대학원 1992 大學院硏究論集-東國大學校 大學院 Vol.22 No.-
The purpose of this study is to brighten the status of Saddharmapundari-ka-s u-tram in the early Maha-ya-na Buddhism, It garding the criticism on Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na in Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra and the characteristics of Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra. The research scope was limited to the Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tram accordingly. First of all, the criticism on Maha-ha-na and Hi-naya-na in Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra was considered into three aspects. One is about tri-ni-yana-upa-ya- nirdes-a. It was criticized the opposite opinions between Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na over the Buddha's teaching which covers the hi-naya-na and Maha-ya-na in pre-Saddharmapundar-ka-su-tra. By insisting that triniya-na-upa-ya-nirde-sa is the Buddha's teaching until pre-Saddharmapundar-ka-su-tra. this theory tried to sublate the confrontation between Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na which comes from opposite opinions over the Buddha's teaching and tries to unify the Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na to an eka-ya-na. The second one is about embodimetb of the belief. The pusuit of rationa understanding about the Buddha's teaching brought about rational confrontatic-inevitably. so, the Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra sub ated the pursuit of rationa understanding about buddha-jna-na and insisted the absolute tecurrence of the belief. The buddha-jna-na in the Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra is the very eka-ya-na The third one is about the basic purpose of Buddha's birth. By suggesting that the purpose is being a buddha of sarva-sttva. it also criticize the Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na in preSaddharmapundari-ka-su-tra which does not admit the being a buddha of sra-vaka. The basic purpose of Buddha's birth is an eka-ya-na. too. Next, the characteristics of Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra was considered into four parts. First, Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra is a representative advocating literary production of the early Maha-ya-na Buddhism. Because this su-tra was wirtten to criticize the confrontation of the Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na in the early Maha-ya-na Buddhism. and written to unify the Maha-ya-na and hi-naya-na to an eka-ya-na as mentioned before. Second, Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra is the su-tra of being a buddha. Because it simplity the being a buddha not only of sarva-sttva but also of sra-vaka by the dharma of eka-ya-na. Third, Buddha was stated as a reliver, With relation to his boundless mercy. the su-tra describes Buddha of the reliever as the father of sarva-sattva. Buddha, the reliever ssved people by the dharma of eka-ya-na. Fourth, Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra differs from the other su-tras as it uniquely explans the unification of the dharma and the buddha in the buddha-stu-pa. It describes the unification between the eternal Buddha preaching the way of eka-ya-na and the eternal Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra symbolizing the wasy of eka-ya-na as a parallel sitting of two buddhas. with reality. The above examined the criticism of Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na in Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra and the characteristics of Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra, of which explanations are related to the thought of eka-ya-na, unique in Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra with no exception. Therefore, the status of Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra in the early Maha-ya-na Buddhism based on the exeplanation of the idea of eka-ya-na which agrees to the criticism of Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na in saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra and the characteristics of Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra. Since Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra was written to unify Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na to an eka-ya-na byoverthrowing the confrontation of Maha-ya-na and Hi-nay and in the time of pre-Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra. it is concluded that Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra planned the compeltion of the Maha-ya-na Buddhism by the idea of eka-ya-na while the Maha-ya-na of pre-Saddharmapundari-ka-su-tra founded the Maha-ya-na Buddhism with the development of tenet by the confrontation of Maha-ya-na and Hi-naya-na.
장애노인의 장애특성별 재가복지서비스 만족도에 관한 연구
서인균 원광대학교 대학원 2008 論文集 Vol.41 No.-
The present study aims to explore and analyze the satisfaction and needs of the disabled elderly aged 65 or older living in the rural and urban areas of Iksan City with in-home services. This study was prompted by the needs to provide basic and practical data to develop policies in the future for promoting welfare of in-home services for the disabled elderly. satisfaction of the disabled elderly with in-home services might resolve itself into following points: Although, they are generally satisfied with all sorts of service provided, 20.3% of them regarded the economic assistance as extremely or fairly dissatisfied, reflecting that, in reality, their needs are not met fully. In terms of satisfaction by kinds of disabled, statistically significant difference was revealed in the visiting treatment(P<.05) and overall satisfaction(P<.05) while, in terms of satisfaction by grades of disabled, there was statistically significant difference in financial assistance(P<.001) and overall satisfaction(P<.001). In most items of service, it was shown that the higher the grade of disabled gets, the more the grade of satisfaction becomes. Such result might lead to the assumption that the severer the disabled of the elderly, the more urgent their requests for the in-home services and the higher their satisfaction with it accordingly. Consequently, it could be concluded that expansion of service including economic as well as medical assistance is badly required for providing the disabled elderly with effective welfare service in the future, in addition to the intensified investment in development and training of professional human resources in the areas.
任中根,徐榮培,金東熙,薛仁燦 대한본초학회 2000 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.15 No.1
In order to investigate the reinforcemental Effects of Acanthopanax Radicis Cortex about immunity and hematogenic action. The various immune responses were studied. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Positive cell was significantly increased at the 0.25 d r n P degree of density in the effect of CD4 about the spleen cell. 2. In the effect of IgG positive cell was significantly increased as comrared with the data of control only at the 0.25 mg/ml degree of density. 3. In the effect of Mac-1 positive cell was significantly increased in all treated degree of density. 4. In result of observing the change of WBC after Cyclophosphamide-processing the number of WBC was significantly increased in treated Group. 5. Measurement of RT-PCR in Hematopoietic stem cell TPO PCR products was increased as compared with medium at the 1 ㎛/ml degree of density. 6. In reinforcemental effect about Stem cell factor SCF PCR product was increased as compared with medium at the low degree of density. 7. In reinforcemental effect about IL-3 PCR product was increased as compared with medium at the low degree of density. 8. In reinforcemental effect about IL-6 PCR product was significantly increased as compared with all treated group. 9. Assay about positive cell in the spleen cell, the positive cell was significantly increased in CD4, CD19. 10. Created amount NO was treated group significantly increased all degree of density. 11. In promotional dissolution-effect, treated group was increased one and half times or twice all degree of density as compared with negative control. According to the above results, Acanthopanax Radicis Cortex increase coherence with T-cell by dint of activating CD of T-cell, presentate an antigen, activate IL-3, IL-6 which stimulate B-cell mading an antibody, activate IFN- y which appeal anti-viral activity by dint of activating macrophage, activate IgG which being made in B-cell neutralize Virus directly, increase immunity by means of promoting dissolution of Spleen cell which involve immune cell and strengthen hematogenic action by dint of activating TPO, SCF. Although Acanthopanax Radicis Cortex was used in retrogressional joint disease of deficiency syndrome by reinforcing Liver and Kidney, strengthening bones and sinews, because IFN- 7 which appeal anti-viral activity and IL-6 which almost appear in arthritis increased significantly, in future we should make an effort in looking into action of Acanthopanax Radicis Cortex about common cold by infection and arthritis of excess syndrome.
Risk mitigation strategy by Passive IN-core Cooling system for advanced nuclear reactors
Seo, Seok Bin,Kim, In Guk,Kim, Kyung Mo,Jeong, Yeong Shin,Bang, In Cheol Elsevier 2018 Annals of nuclear energy Vol.111 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>After the Fukushima accident, the installation of passive safety systems for nuclear power plants becomes necessary as protection against external power failures. Recently, an innovative safety system was introduced by employing a hybrid heat-pipe concept asa Passive IN-core Cooling system (PINCs). The hybrid heat-pipe concept employs the combination of a control rod and a heat pipe to passively shutdown a reactor in an accident condition and simultaneously remove decay heat from the core. As a result, a PINCs can handle the entire accident sequence in a single system, leading to significant enhancement in nuclear reactor safety. In this study, the safety enhancement of various nuclear reactors has been quantitatively evaluated by using the probabilistic safety assessment method (PSA). PSA models of the APR1400, PGSFR, and SMART nuclear reactors developed in Korea, are developed, and a PINCs model has been applied to each reactor. The PSA model of the PINCs has been developed based on the systematic design and configuration of each reactor. In addition, postulated accident sequences where the PINCs operates have been developed in the PSA model. Finally, the consequence of each accident sequence has been quantitatively evaluated in the form of core damage frequency (CDF) and minimal cut set (MCS) for each nuclear reactor. Based on the PSA results, it is confirmed that the application of the PINCs effectively reduces the overall CDF of all nuclear reactors. In addition, the failure paths causing the core damage are restricted for APR1400 and PGSFR. In conclusion, the employment of the PINCs significantly improved the overall safety degrees of various nuclear reactors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PINCs combines a control rod and a heat pipe to enhance safety of advanced reactors. </LI> <LI> PSA models of advanced reactors are developed including PINCs. </LI> <LI> The consequences of the accident aided by PINCs are quantitatively evaluated. </LI> <LI> PINCs significantly reduces the overall CDFs of all nuclear reactors. </LI> </UL> </P>
ERK1/2-Mediated Schwann Cell Proliferation in the Regenerating Sciatic Nerve by Treadmill Training
Seo, Tae Beom,Oh, Myung-Jin,You, Byoung-Gun,Kwon, Ku-Birm,Chang, In-Ae,Yoon, Jin-Hwan,Lee, Chan-Yong,Namgung, Uk Mary Ann Liebert 2009 JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA - Vol.26 No.10
<P>Proliferation of Schwann cells in the injured peripheral nerve supports axonal regeneration, and physical training in experimental animals has been shown to promote nerve regeneration. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activity can mediate neuronal responses to lesion signals, but its role in non-neuronal cells in the injured area is largely unknown. Here we report that treadmill training (TMT) facilitates axonal regeneration via the upregulation of phospho-ERK1/2 protein levels in Schwann cells in the injured sciatic nerve. Low-intensity, but not high-intensity, TMT increased neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons and potentiated Schwann cell proliferation. TMT elevated levels of GAP-43 mRNA and protein, and phospho-ERK1/2 protein in the injured sciatic nerves. TMT also enhanced phospho-c-Jun protein levels in the injured nerve. In-vivo administration of the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 eliminated phospho-c-Jun, suggesting ERK1/2 phosphorylation of the c-Jun protein. PD98059 treatment decreased levels of BrdU-labeled proliferating Schwann cells in the distal portion of the injured nerve, and delayed the axonal regrowth that was promoted by TMT. The present data suggest that increased ERK1/2 activity in Schwann cells may play an important role in TMT-mediated enhancement of axonal regeneration in the injured peripheral nerve.</P>
프로그램 개발의 창의적 유형에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구
서인해,공계순 한국사회복지연구회 2003 사회복지연구 Vol.22 No.-
본 연구는 종합사회복지관에서 이루어지는 프로그램 개발과 관련된 일련의 특성들을 살펴 보고 일련의 과정에서 나타나는 기관의 개발실태에 영향을 미치는 요인을 밝혀보고자 하였다. 연구내용으로는 첫째, 프로그램의 개발여부, 개발횟수, 프로그램 개발의 창의성 유형, 기존 프로그램의 수정내용과 정도 등을 중심으로 기술통계분석을 통하여 개발실태를 파악하였다. 둘째, 개발의 실태에 영향을 미치는 변수를 응답자 개인 및 기관의 인구학적 변수, 개인의 특성 및 개발관련 교육변수, 그리고 기관의 업무특성과 프로그램 개발과정관련 변수들을 독립변수로 설정하여 판별분석 및 회귀분석을 통하여 알아보았다. 본 연구를 위한 조사방법으로는 전국의 335개 종합사회복지관을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했으며, 응답자는 청소년복지률 담당하고 있는 사회복지사로 하였다. 회수율은 57%이다. 본 연구의 주요결과로는 사회복지관에서 프로그램의 개발활동은 비교적 활발하여 전체기관의 72.5%가 프로그램을 개발하고 있고, 기존 프로그램을 일부 수정하는 형태가 가장 많은 55%이며, 창의적인 개발이 42%, 기존 프로그램을 그대로 채택하는 경우는 3%이다. 프로그램 개발은 주로 20대의 3년 이하 근무기간을 가진 사회복지사들에 의해서 1개월 미만의 짧은 기간에 이루어지고 있다. 프로그램의 개발여부에 영향을 미치는 요인은 개발담당자의 근무기간, 개발관련 지식, 전문성에 대한 정체감, 학력이었으며, 개발횟수에 영향을 미치는 변수는 개발 동기, 개발관련 교육에 관한 자신감, 개발지식이다. 창의적인 개발과 수정한 개발형태를 결정짓는 데는 오직 프로그램 개발에 참여사람의 수만이 영향을 미쳤다. 기존 프로그램을 수정한 경우에 수정정도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 기관내 프로그램관련 의사결정 참여정도, 개발관련 교육정도, 개발지식, 창의적인 문제해결력이다. 본 연구의 결과들이 사회복지실천 및 학술적인 측면에서 시사하는 바가 논의되었다. 기존문헌과 비교하여 비슷한 결과를 보이고 있는 면도 있으나 상반된 결과도 나타났다. 실천적인 측면에서 개발담당자를 배치할 때 고려할 점, 프로그램 개발에 관한 공식적인 교육의 증대 및 교육할 때 고려할 점 등이 제시되었다. It has been ignored of the importance of creativity in program development process although recent social work studies has emphasized the possibility of creativity to social work practice. The researchers think that the complicated phenomena in the program development has been caused from lack of understanding the creativity in the program development. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate how the creativity was embedded into program development in the social welfare centers in Korea. A questionnaire was constructed with three parts, including 16 major variables, 201 questionnaires were collected from 335 agencies during two months. As the result of the descriptive analyses, the four noticeable features were found; (1) the activity of program development are shown as creativity and adaptation; (2) the pattern of ‘borrowing’ in the program development was rarely observed in the field; (3) the staff in his/her twenties are in charge of program development; (4)the respondents get knowledge from individual studies rather than from academic institutes. Discriminant analysis and multiple regressions were applied to analyze the sequential feature of program development in the social welfare centers. The results of the discriminant analysis show that four variables have influence on the difference between the agencies experiencing the program development and the agencies not experiencing the program development, and only one variable has influence on the difference between ‘creating’ and ‘borrowing’ in the program development. The results of the multiple regression show that three variables influence the number of program development experience, and four variables make influence on the degree of modifying the program design in the process of program development. Major findings were discussed and several suggestions were made for future research and improvement of the program development in social welfare centers.
홍성윤,김정민,김소영,이수정,오은실,양서인,김화실,김남초 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2
Purpose: The present study purposed to compare the hand washing effect of 7.5% powidone-iodine, which is used in the operation room of C university hospital in Seoul, with that of Ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture recommended by the US Association of Operating Room Nurses (2002) and to adopt a more effective hand disinfectant. Method: In a quasi-experimental design, 48 medical staff who participated in operations during the period from November 2004 to February 2005 had hand washing using the two kinds of hand disinfectants: 7.5% povidone-iodine and the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture. Their palms were swabbed and cultured just after hand washing and again after taking dff sterile gloves after the operation. The number of colonies from the two occasions were counted and compared. Result: The number of general bacillus increased significantly in the group using 7.5% povidone-iodine compared to that in the group using the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture. The number of general bacillus increased signficantly in doctors compared to that in nurses. The factors affecting the increase of the number of general bacillus were disinfectants and medical personnel. The number of general bacillus was expected to increase 9.41 times with 7.5% povidone-iodine than with the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture and 14.87 times in doctors than in nurses. Conclusion: This study shows that the ethyl alcogol-CHG mixture has a stronger hand disinfection effect than 7.5% povidone iodine. Thus we need to change the hand disinfectant used in operating rooms as soon as possible in order to minimize the infection of wounds resulting from operations.
서민구 ( Min Goo Seo ),도재철 ( Jae Cheul Do ),우인옥 ( In Ohk Ouh ),조민희 ( Min Hee Cho ),김중규 ( Joong Kew Kim ),김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),박노찬 ( No Chan Park ),곽동미 ( Dong Mi Kwak ) 한국가축위생학회 2011 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.34 No.4
Prevalence of infectious agents, including Brucella abortus (BA), Mycobacterium bovis (MB), bovine leukemia virus (BLV), M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MP), Neospora caninum (NC) and Toxoplasma gondii (TG), was investigated in all the cattle raised in Ulleung island during 2007∼ 2010. For BA, the prevalences in head and farm were 8.1% (44/545) and 5.5% (4/73) in 2007, all negative in 2008∼2009, and 0.5% (4/774) and 1.7% (1/58) in 2010, respectively. For MB, no sample was positive by PPD or ELISA in 2007∼2010. For BLV and MP, no sample was positive by ELISA in 2007∼2009. For NC, seroprevalences in head and farm were 0.2% (1/545) and 1.4% (1/73), respectively, in 2007 and all negative in 2008∼2009. For TG, seroprevalences in head and farm were 17.6% (97/552) and 54.8% (34/62) by ELISA in 2009. By regions, the seroprevalences of TG in Ulleung-eup, Seo-myeon and Buk-myeon were 26.0%, 9.8% and 16.7%, respectively, which had significant differences (P<0.0001). Tiger cattle were more resistant to TG infection than Hanwoo. The seroprevalence of TG in summer was higher than in autumn. The seroprevalence of TG in cows was higher than in oxen. The seroprevalence of TG in cattle was increased with age. In conclusion, this study indicates that the prevalences of six infectious diseases, except for TG which are widely spread, are relatively low in cattle reared in Ulleung island.
A corpus-based study of green discourse in the South Korean press in comparison with the US press
Bang Min-hee,Shin Seo-in 한국사회언어학회 2012 사회언어학 Vol.20 No.1
Bang, Min-hee·Shin, Seo-in. 2012. A corpus-based study of green discourse in the South Korean press in comparison with the US press. The sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 20(1). pp. 79-110. This paper analyses corpora of South Korean and US newspapers to investigate the representation of environmental issues. The analysis focuses on the frequency and collocation of 녹색(noksaek: green) denoting environmental- friendliness. As a corpus-based study, the analysis aims to show how environmental issues are construed in the use of noksaek through collocational patterns and the context in which it occurs. The English word green is analysed for comparison as the English translation equivalent of noksaek. 그린(grin: green), a phonetic translation of green is also included in the analysis. The most characteristic of the green discourse in the South Korean press is expressed in 성장(seongjang: growth), the top collocate of noksaek. The construal of environmental issues as a matter of economic growth is a distinctively Korean approach, contrasting with the ways the issues are talked about in the US press. The use of grin(green) in the South Korean press shows that grin(green) is mainly used in the commercial sector and often to mask an un-green aspect of an entity modified by the word. (172 words)
디자인 대학원 작품논문 표절방지를 위한 교육 체계 및 콘텐츠 개발
김지인(Kim, Ji In),박혜신(Park, Hye Sin),서인숙(Seo, Ihn Sook) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2015 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.15 No.3
연구윤리에 대한 인식이 높아지면서 연구윤리 교육이 확산추세에 있다. 그러나 현재의 연구윤리 교육은 단발성 특강형의 교육 중심으로 실행되고 있으며, 학과 특성에 적합한 교육 체계가 미비하다는 점에서 한계를 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 디자인 석사학위 과정에 있는 학생의 논문 지도에 있어 표절을 미연에 방지할 수 있는 연구윤리 교육체계를 구축하되 특히 예술계에서만 존재하는 작품논문이라는 형식에 적합한 교육체계를 구축하기 위한 목적으로 이루어졌다. 연구는 디자인학부 석사학위 과정학생 10명을 대상으로 총 17개월 걸친 참여관찰을 통해 이루어졌으며 연구윤리 교육 콘텐츠의 제작, 교육 및 자료수집, 교육 결과의 피드백 및 기존 콘텐츠의 수정보완, 수정 보완 된 콘텐츠를 적용한 연구 시행, 결과 분석 총 5단계에 걸쳐 단계적으로 이루어졌다. 각각의 단계에서는 교육을 통한 콘텐츠 활용도 검증, 심층면접을 통한 연구 결과의 학계검증, 연구윤리 교육 참여자들의 논문 작성 및 표절률 검사라는 객관적 검증 장치를 두었다. 연구 과정에서 학술연구윤리 교육 콘텐츠, 디자인 연구윤리 교육 콘텐츠 두 종류의 교육 콘텐츠가 개발되었으며 논문리스트 작성노트, 디자인 연구노트, 인용연습노트 총 3개의 활용 콘텐츠가 개발되었다. 결과적으로 연구주제의 구체화 과정에서 논문리스트 작성노트를 활용한 논문 주제 독창성 검증, 논문 텍스트 작성 과정에서 인용노트 활용을 통한 인용 관련 표절여부 검증 및 디자인 연구노트 활용을 통한 작품 표절여부 검증, 최종적으로 카피검사 시스템 활용을 통한 정량적 표절률 검사의 3단계에 걸친 작품논문의 표절 예방 검증 교육체계가 구축되었다. With the growing awareness of research ethics, the education for it is being disseminated. However, it is having a limitation given that the current education of research ethics is centered on special lectures in short-term period, and department-specific educational system is lack. In respect of teaching students about thesis in graduate school, this study aims to establish an educational system to prevent plagiarism in advance, matching the environment where there is thesis portfolio for graduation only in art school. The research has been conducted with ten graduate school students in design department for 17 months in total through participatory observation, and is consisted of five stages: making educational contents of research ethics, collecting data, giving feedback of the education and evaluating or revising existing contents, conducting a research after applying the correction, and analyzing the result. We put objective verification tools at each stage such as verification of contents utilization through education, academic verification of the research result through in-depth interview, and inspection of thesis portfolio production and plagiarism rate by educational participants in research ethics. In the process of the research, educational contents of academic research and design research ethics were developed and three kinds of utilization contents, thesis list-writing note, design research note, and reference note, were made. As a result, it has become to set up three phases of plagiarism prevention measures: verifying creativity of thesis subject by utilizing thesis list-writing note in the embodiment process, verifying plagiarism relating to reference and artwork by utilizing reference note and design research note in the process of making thesis artwork, and verifying quantitatively through copy inspection system.