Initial-Syllable Lengthening and Falling Tone in Korean Revisited

Ilsung Yun 언어과학회 2017 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.83

The Korean phrase-initial syllable with a voiced initial phoneme (i.e., vowels or voiced consonants) manifests lengthening and falling tone when it is preceded by another phrase without a pause, compared with when it leads an utterance. This study first examined if the same temporal and tonal variations occur in an utterance-internal syllable with/without a preceding pause. It also examined how AP, ip and IP vary with reference to the initial-syllable lengthening and falling tone. It was found that (1) the temporal and tonal variations occurred utterance-internally as well; (2) the initial-syllable lengthening was generally hierarchical from APi to ipi to IPi while the tonal variation was not. Instead, the pre-boundary rising tone of the AP, ip and IP was generally steeper in the higher prosodic phrase.

Radiometer Measurement Intercomparison using Absolute Cavity Radiometer in Regional Radiometer Center at Tsukuba, Japan

Ilsung Zo,Joonbum Jee,Kyutae Lee,Buyo Kim,林(임) 한국신재생에너지학회 2016 신재생에너지 Vol.12 No.4

Solar radiation measuring instruments are generally more sensitive than other meteorological instruments. The standard reference for solar radiation measurements is maintained by the WRC (World Radiation Center) in Davos, Switzerland. The world radiometric standard reference was determined from the weighted mean of the measurements of group of 15 absolute cavity radiometers every 5 years. The reference instruments of the RRC (Regional Radiation Center) were calibrated through the WRC standards reference. Recently, intercomparison observations were performed using the standard instruments at Mt. Tsukuba in Japan in January, 2012. Several standard instruments (absolute cavity radiometer: PMO6 and AHF, pyranometer: CMP22) of KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration) participated in this program and were calibrated from the reference instruments of WRC and RRC. The errors of PMO6, AHF, and CMP22 were reported to be 0.02%, 0.3%, and 1.87%, respectively, compared to reference instruments. RRC is smaller in scale than WRC, using only five pieces of standard equipment and having only a 10-day observation period. Therefore, direct participation in IPC of WRC is needed to secure the technology related to domestic solar radiation observations.

Bayesian Model Averaging for Heterogeneous Frailty

Ilsung Chang,임요한 한국통계학회 2007 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.36 No.1

Effects of Interaction of Social Support with Multiple Losses on Depressive Symptoms

Ilsung Nam(남일성) 한국콘텐츠학회 2015 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.15 No.7

본 연구는 노인들의 여러 번의 사별 경험이 우울증에 미치는 영향을 탐구한다. Changing Lives of Older Couples 종단 데이터를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 여러 번의 사별을 경험한 노인들이 한 번의 사별을 경험한 노인들에 비해 우울증상 점수가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 사회적 지지 수준은 사별 경험이 우울증상에 미치는 영향을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 여러 번의 사별을 경험한 노인들 중 사회적 지지 수준이 낮은 노인들의 우울증상이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 여러 번의 사별을 경험한 노인들을 대상으로 한 프로그램과 사회적 지지의 필요성을 논의하였다. The current study examines the association between multiple losses and depressive symptoms and the role of social support in multiple losses. Using a prospective designed dataset(Changing Lives of Older Couples), this study found a significant difference on the depressive symptom levels between multiple losses and single loss. In addition, there was a significant buffering effect of social support in bereavement, as oppose to previous literature that social support does not buffer the initial bereavement reaction in comparisons between the bereaved with multiple losses and the bereaved with a single loss. The author discusses the importance of monitoring elderly people with multiple losses and availability of social support before and after the loss.

Is Voicing of English Voiced Stops Active?

Ilsung Yun 한국음성학회 2003 음성과학 Vol.10 No.2

Modeling the Biophysical Effects in a Carbon Beam Delivery Line by Using Monte Carlo Simulations

Ilsung Cho,SeungHoon Yoo,Sungho Cho,Eun Ho Kim,Yongkeun Song,Jae-ik Shin,Won-Gyun Jung 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.5

The Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) plays an important role in designing a uniform dose response for ion-beam therapy. In this study, the biological effectiveness of a carbon-ion beam delivery system was investigated using Monte Carlo simulations. A carbon-ion beam delivery line was designed for the Korea Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator (KHIMA) project. The GEANT4 simulation tool kit was used to simulate carbon-ion beam transport into media. An incident energy carbon-ion beam with energy in the range between 220 MeV/u and 290 MeV/u was chosen to generate secondary particles. The microdosimetric-kinetic (MK) model was applied to describe the RBE of 10% survival in human salivary-gland (HSG) cells. The RBE weighted dose was estimated as a function of the penetration depth in the water phantom along the incident beam’s direction. A biologically photon-equivalent Spread Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) was designed using the RBEweighted absorbed dose. Finally, the RBE of mixed beams was predicted as a function of the depth in the water phantom.

The Autonomy of Tenseness as a Feature

Yun, Ilsung 한국음성과학회 2003 음성과학 Vol.10 No.3

The feature tenseness has long been a controversial issue. Many scholars have hardly accepted tenseness as a distinctive feature, due to the absence of its consistent and objective phonemic evidence especially in English. Instead, they claim that voicing is the primary feature and even say than no other feature can be independent of voicing. However, voicing feature does not explain everything and significant aerodynamic and physiological correlates of the feature tenseness have been reported in English as well as in some other languages that have the tense/lax distinction in their obstruents. It is suggested that voicing is a simple and direct feature while tenseness is a complex an indirect feature and its autonomy as a distinctive feature should e acknowledged. This will enable us to describe the phonetic reality more properly across languages as well as in individual language.

Gender Effects on Voice Cessation Time in Intervocalic Lax (voiced) Obstruents

Yun, Ilsung 한국음성과학회 2003 음성과학 Vol.10 No.3

This study examines whether gender influences voice cessation time (voicing duration) of lax (voiced) obsruents. Failed more frequently show a posterior glottal opening throughout a vibratory cycle and have larger open quotients and less vocal fold contact than mailed. The general differences imply that females can yield less voicing in their speech. In line with this, we hypothesized that the male voice is more voiced than the female voice in intervocalic lax (voice) obstruents. This hypotheses was supported by the results of the present experiment, i.e., males exhibited significantly longer voicing an higher percentage of voicing relative to consonant duration than females during the intervocalic lax obstruents /p, t, k, c/ of Korean. Based on the results and the literature review, it is further hypothesized that the vocal folds are more likely adduced for males while abducted for females. The experimental data also indicated that males speak faster than females.

Vowel Duration and the Feature of the Following Consonant

Yun Ilsung 한국음성학회 2009 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.1 No.1

Temporal Variation Due to Tense vs. Lax Consonants in Korean

Yun, Ilsung 한국음성과학회 2004 음성과학 Vol.11 No.3

Many languages show reverse durational variation between preceding vowel and following voiced/voiceless (lax/tense) consonants. This study investigated the likely effects of phoneme type (tense vs. lax) on the timing structure (duration of syllable, word, phrase and sentence) of Korean. Three rates of speech (fast, normal, slow) applied to stimuli with the target word /a-Ca/ where /C/ is one /p, p', p^(h)/. The type (tense/lax) of /C/ caused marked inverse durational variations in the two syllables /a/ and /Ca/ and highly different durational ratios between them. Words with /p', p^(h)/ were significantly longer than that with /p/, which contrasts with many other languages where such pairs of words have a similar duration. The differentials between words remained up to the phrase and sentence level, but in general the higher linguistic units did not statistically differ within each level. Thus, the phrase is suggested as a compensatory unit of phoneme type effects in Korean. Different rates did not affect the general tendency. Distribution of time variations (from normal to fast and slow) to each syllable (/a/ and /Ca/) was also observed.