Complex Segregation Analysis of Total Milk Yield in Churra Dairy Ewes

Ilahi, Houcine,Othmane, M. Houcine Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.3

The mode of inheritance of total milk yield and its genetic parameters were investigated in Churra dairy sheep through segregation analyses using a Monte Carlo Markov Chains (MCMC) method. Data which consisted of 7,126 lactations belonging to 5,154 ewes were collected between 1999 and 2002 from 15 Spanish Churra dairy flocks. A postulated major gene was assumed to be additive and priors used for variance components were uniform. Based on 50 000 Gibbs samples from ten replicates chains of 100,000 cycles, the estimated marginal posterior means${\pm}$posterior standard deviations of variance components of milk yield were $23.17{\pm}18.42$, $65.20{\pm}25.05$, $120.40{\pm}42.12$ and $420.83{\pm}40.26$ for major gene variance ($\sigma_G^2$), polygenic variance ($\sigma_u^2$), permanent environmental variance ($\sigma_{pe}^2$) and error variance ($\sigma_e^2$), respectively. The results of this study showed the postulated major locus was not significant, and the 95% highest posterior density regions ($HPDs_{95%}$) of most major gene parameters included 0, and particularly for the major gene variance. The estimated transmission probabilities for the 95% highest posterior density regions ($HPDs_{95%}$) were overlapped. These results indicated that segregation of a major gene was unlikely and that the mode of inheritance of total milk yield in Churra dairy sheep is purely polygenic. Based on 50,000 Gibbs samples from ten replicates chains of 100,000 cycles, the estimated polygenic heritability and repeatability were $h^2=0.20{\pm}0.05$ and r=$0.34{\pm}0.06$, respectively.

Photothermal deflection spectroscopy PDS investigation of optical and thermal properties of BGaAs/GaAs alloys

S. Ilahi,F. Saidi,R. Hamila,N. Yacoubi,L. Auvray,H. Maaref 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.3

Optical and thermal properties of metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) grown BGaAs/GaAs alloys with boron composition of 3% and 8% are investigated by photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS). The band gap energy, absorption spectrum and thermal conductivities are evaluated by comparing the experimental and the theoretical PDS signals amplitude and phase. The boron effects in these parameters have been shown. In fact, it was found that gap energy and thermal conductivity of BGaAs/ GaAs alloys with 3% of boron are respectivelly 1376 mev and 4.7 W/m K, these values decrease to 1360 mev and 3.5 W/m K for 8% of boron composition.

Effects of Root Zone Cooling on Butterhead Lettuce Grown in Tropical Conditions in a Coir-Perlite Mixture

Wan Fazilah Fazlil Ilahi,Desa Ahmad,Mohammud Che Husain 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.1

Growing temperate vegetable crops such as lettuce in the humid tropical climate of lowland Malaysia commonlyresults in heat-induced crop damage, delayed heading, and precocious bolting. Manipulating the root zone to a coolertemperature may alleviate plant damage caused by high ambient temperatures to a large extent. In this study, the effects of rootzone cooling (RZC) on the growth and development of butterhead lettuce were studied in a containerized planting systemcontaining a 3:1 coir-perlite mixture. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes were used to circulate cold water and cool the root zoneof the experimental plants, while their shoots were exposed to the hot ambient temperature. The temperature of the root zonewas measured at different depths (50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, and 200 mm from the surface of the media). The butterheadlettuce canopy diameter and number of leaves were significantly higher in the RZC treatment at the end of the growth stagecompared to the control plants, and the yield, as measured by the shoot and root dry weight, as well as the root/total biomassratio were also improved. The cooling pipes placed 100 mm below the surface provided a better growth condition forbutterhead lettuce; at 100 mm, the RZC media had a mean daily temperature of 19°C and a minimum temperature of 14.4°C at18:00. This study demonstrated the importance of optimizing root temperature for butterhead lettuce in an ambient hot tropicalclimate.

Complex Segregation Analysis of Categorical Traits in Farm Animals: Comparison of Linear and Threshold Models

Kadarmideen, Haja N.,Ilahi, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.8

Main objectives of this study were to investigate accuracy, bias and power of linear and threshold model segregation analysis methods for detection of major genes in categorical traits in farm animals. Maximum Likelihood Linear Model (MLLM), Bayesian Linear Model (BALM) and Bayesian Threshold Model (BATM) were applied to simulated data on normal, categorical and binary scales as well as to disease data in pigs. Simulated data on the underlying normally distributed liability (NDL) were used to create categorical and binary data. MLLM method was applied to data on all scales (Normal, categorical and binary) and BATM method was developed and applied only to binary data. The MLLM analyses underestimated parameters for binary as well as categorical traits compared to normal traits; with the bias being very severe for binary traits. The accuracy of major gene and polygene parameter estimates was also very low for binary data compared with those for categorical data; the later gave results similar to normal data. When disease incidence (on binary scale) is close to 50%, segregation analysis has more accuracy and lesser bias, compared to diseases with rare incidences. NDL data were always better than categorical data. Under the MLLM method, the test statistics for categorical and binary data were consistently unusually very high (while the opposite is expected due to loss of information in categorical data), indicating high false discovery rates of major genes if linear models are applied to categorical traits. With Bayesian segregation analysis, 95% highest probability density regions of major gene variances were checked if they included the value of zero (boundary parameter); by nature of this difference between likelihood and Bayesian approaches, the Bayesian methods are likely to be more reliable for categorical data. The BATM segregation analysis of binary data also showed a significant advantage over MLLM in terms of higher accuracy. Based on the results, threshold models are recommended when the trait distributions are discontinuous. Further, segregation analysis could be used in an initial scan of the data for evidence of major genes before embarking on molecular genome mapping.

Allelopathic Potential of Adhatoda vasica NEES

Ayaz,Sajjida,Hussain, Farrukh,Ilahi, Ihsan,Kil, Bong-Seop 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1989 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.3

파키스탄에 나는 Adhatoda vasica는 열대, 아열대성 관목으로 덤불을 이루고 있는데 그 주위에는 식물이 비교적 드물고 잘 자라지 못한다. 그래서 이 식물의 수용추출액, 빗물세탈액, 낙엽 낙지 및 임상토양을 써서 5종 실험 식물의 종자발아, 유식물 생장, 생체량, 수분과 엽록소 함량을 조사해 본 결과 상당히 억제됨을 알았다. 크로마토그래피 분석으로 caffeic acid등 5종의 화학물질을 확인했으며 이들은 A. vasica식물이 우점하며 그 주위 식물에 미치는 영향 즉 알에로패티작용에 일차적으로 관계가 있다고 본다. Adhatoda vasica Nees is a shrubby component of tropical and subtropical vegetation in Pakistan. It harbours relatively few unhealthy associated species in and around its thickets. Aqucous extracts, ram leachates, litter from shoots and soil underneath it invariably reduced germination, early growth, biomass, moisture and chlorophyll contents of Pemnisetum americanum, Setaria italica, Zea mays, Brassica campestris and Triticum vulgare in different laboratory experiments. Chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of caffeic, ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-OH-benzoic, and tannic acids in aqucous extracts. The phytotoxicity was related to the test species used, part assayed and parameter measured. It is suggested that the preclusion of the associated species and the dominance of A. vasica is primarily due to allelopathy. Negative grazing also provides better chances for its establishment.

네종 작물에 대한 Juglans regia L. 의 알레로패티 효과

Hussain Farrukh,Ihsan Ilahi,길봉섭 (Bong Seop Kil) 한국식물학회 1991 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.34 No.2

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a common cultivated and wild deciduous tree in the temperate regions of Pakistan and elsewhere. A bare of poor understorey of wild of cultivated species is frequently observed beneath and around it. Soil analysis indicated insignificant differences in nutrient status of soils taken from areas with of without walnut influence. Field investigations revealed that the height, shoot, fresh and dry weight of potato, turnip, corn and bean significantly decreased in the walnut-influenced parts of the field compared to their counter-parts in the same field but without walnut influence. Aqueous extracts from various parts, shoot litter, natural rain leachates and soil collected from beneath walnut significantly reduced the germination, early seedling growth, fresh and dry weight, and moisture contents of corn, turnip and bean in various laboratory experiments. Ferulic, p-coumaric, caffeic, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic and gallic acid were identified as the possible allelopathic substances in the aquous extracts and rain leachates of the walnut tree. The findings suggest that the observed poor growth of crops is due to allelopathic effects of walnut.

Adhatoda visica NEES 의 알레로페티 효과

Ayaz Sajjida,Farrukh Hussain,Ihsan Ilahi,길봉섭 (Bong Seop Kil) 한국식물학회 1989 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.32 No.2

Adhatoda vasica Nees is a shrubby component of tropical and subtropical vegetation in Pakistan. It harbours relatively few unhealthy associated species in and around its thickets. Aqueous extracts, rain leachates, litter from shoots and soil underneath it invariably reduced germination, early growth, biomass, moisture and chlorophyll contents of Pennisetum americamm, Setaria italica, Zea mays, Brassica campestris and Triticum vulgare in different laboratory experiments. Chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of caffeic, ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-OH-benzoic, and tannic acids in aqueous extracts. The phytotoxicity was related to the test species used, part assayed and parameter measured. It is suggested that the preclusion of the associated species and the dominance of A. vasica is primarily due to allelopathy. Negative grazing also provides better chances for its establishment.

Development of New Robust Bivoltine Silkworm Hybrid $SR2{\times}SR5$ for Rearing throughout the Year

Rao, P. Sudhakara,Nayaka, A. R. Narasimha,Mamatha, M.,Sowmyashree, T. S.,Bashir, Ifat,Ilahi, Irfan Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.14 No.2

A Silkworm breeding programme was designed to develop a robust but productive bivoltine silkworm hybrid of Bombyx mori L. suitable for rearing throughout the year in tropical climate by utilizing indigenous polyvoltine and productive bivoltine breeds. The breeding was carried out under high temperature ($36^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) and low humidity ($50{\pm}5%$) conditions in the environmental chamber. By $F_{12}$, three oval and three dumbbell breeds were isolated with higher survival and productive merits. These breeds were utilized in the hybrid evaluation along with other popular breeds. Based on combining ability test results, the hybrid $SR_2{\times}SR_5$ was selected for large scale testing and evaluated in different seasons. The evaluation studies indicated that the hybrid has higher viability and productive merits and it is suitable to rear throughout the year. The hybrid $SR_2{\times}SR_5$ recorded a survival of 92.0%, cocoon shell weight of 0.417 g, cocoon shell percentage of 23.0 and a filament length of 1042 meters under hot and dry conditions of environmental chamber compared to the control thermo-tolerant hybrid $CSR18{\times}CSR19$.

Development of New Robust Bivoltine Silkworm Hybrid SR2 × SR5 for Rearing throughout the Year

P. Sudhakara Rao,A. R. Narasimha Nayaka,M. Mamatha,T. S. Sowmyashree,Ifat Bashir,Irfan Ilahi 한국잠사학회 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.14 No.2