방사선조사와 저칼슘식이가 치아형성시 Interleukin-1의 분포에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김일중,황의환,이상래 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2000 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.30 No.3

Purpose : To elucidate the effects of the irradiation and calcium-deficient diet on expression of interleukin (IL)-1 during tooth formation of rat molar Materials and Methods : The pregnant three-week-old Spague-Dawley rats were used for the study. The control group was non-irradiation/normal diet group, and the experimental groups were irradiation/normal diet group and irradiation/calcium-deficient diet group . The abdomen of the rats on the 9th day of pregnancy were irradiated with single dose of 350 cGy. The rat pups were sacrificed on the 14th day after delivery and the maxillae tooth germs were taken. The specimen were prepared to make sections for light microscopy, and some of tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically with anti-IL-1 antibody. Results : In the irradiation/normal diet group, dental follicle showed fewer blood vessels, mononuclear cells, and fusions of mononuclear cells than in non-irradiation/normal diet group. Alveolar bone showed a few osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Periodontal ligament showed collagen fibers and fibroblasts with irregularity. Weak immunoreactivity for IL-1 was shown in dental follicle, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament, In the irradiation/calcium-deficient diet group, dental follicle showed sparse cellularity. Alveolar bone showed diminished number of osteoblasts. Periodontal ligament showed irregular collagen fibers and atrophy of cementoblasts and fibroblasts. No immunore-activity for IL-1 was shown in dental follicle, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament. Conclusion : Irradiation and calcium-deficient diet seems to cause disturbance of the expression of interleukin-1 during tooth formation of rat molar. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2000; 30: 159-168)

누에와 육계 복합 추출물의 in vivo 면역증진 기능성 연구

김경조 ( Kyeong Jo Kim ),박해진 ( Hae Jin Park ),김일규 ( Il Gyu Kim ),김민주 ( Min Ju Kim ),신미래 ( Mi-rae Shin ),노성수 ( Seong-soo Roh ) 대한본초학회 2018 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.33 No.4

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the immunopotentiating activity of combine extract that Silkworm and Cinnamomum cassia . Recently, acute epidemic diseases such as cold and viral respiratory diseases have been emerging. So, interested in immunity enhancement has been increasing, and research on natural products to promote immunity activity has been actively conducted. Methods : To confirm the immunopotentiating activity effect, Silkworm (SW), Cinnamomum cassia (CC), and SWCC combined extracts were treated 14 days at 300 ㎎/kg/day. The changes of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) in serum were analyzed after experiment. The changes in the total spleen cell number were measured. Immune cells in spleen were analyzed using fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). also, analyzed the expression of cytokines in spleen. Results : Total number of cells in the spleen and FACS analysis of T lymphocytes activated in the spleen showed that the SWCC combined treated group had much higher frequency of active cells than both single groups. The ratio of CD4+CD8+, CD4+CD69+ and CD4+CD25+ T cells in spleen, SWCC is higher than other groups except Nor in CD4+, CD4+CD69+, CD4+CD25+ T cells. The results of this study suggest that SWCC can help immune function via IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ cytokine production, increased T lymphocytes and splenocyte proliferation. Conclusion : Therefore, these results suggested that the SWCC combined extracts administration increase stronger immunity enhancement than when SW and CC adminstration.

Poster Session:PS 0239 ; Gastroenterology : Vitamin C Insuffi ciency Aggravates Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis in Gulo(-/-) Mice

( Hye Min Kim ),( Jae Seung Kang ),( Jong Pil Im ),( Se Yeon Bae ),( Ye Jin Kim ),( Hang Rae Kim ),( Joo Sung Kim ),( Young Il Hwang ),( Wang Jae Lee ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Mucosal damage in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) involves the dysfunctional immunoregulation of the gut. Among immunoregulatory factors, oxidative stress is abnormally high level in IBDs, and their destructive effects may contribute to the initiation or propagation of the disease. Vitamin C has both anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory effects. Methods: we investigated the effect of vitamin C on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in Gulo(-/-) mice which cannot synthesize vitamin C. Results: Vitamin C-insufficient Gulo(-/-) mice showed decreased survival with increased oxidative stress and more severe colitis. The production of interleukin (IL)-6 was higher, and STAT3 and Akt were more activated in DSS-treated vitamin C-insuffi cient Gulo(-/-) mice than in vitamin C-suffi cient Gulo(-/-) mice and wild-type mice. In contrast, the production of IL-22, the recruitment of NKp46(+) cells, and the activation of p38 MAPK were decreased in the vitamin C-insuffi cient Gulo(-/-) mice accompanied by decreased mucin-1 expression. Taken together, vitamin C insuffi ciency was associated with not only increased oxidative stress and IL-6 production but also decreased production of IL-22, which eventually induces severe colitis and death by DSS treatment. Conclusions: Therefore, our results suggest that vitamin C has a protective effect on DSS-induced colitis by regulating the production of cytokine and the induction of infl ammation.

Aberrant expression of interleukin-10 and activation-induced cytidine deaminase in B cells from patients with Behçet's disease

Yoon, Jeong-Yun,Lee, Yeojin,Yu, Seong-Lan,Yoon, Hee-Kyung,Park, Ha-Yan,Joung, Chung-Il,Park, Seok-Rae,Kwon, Mihye,Kang, Jaeku D.A. Spandidos 2017 Biomedical reports Vol.7 No.6

<P>Despite extensive studies, the pathogenesis of Behçet's disease (BD) remains unclear. In particular, the roles of B cells in patients with BD have not been elucidated. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is a critical enzyme for immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain class switching and somatic hypermutation in B cells and the abnormal expression of AID in various immune conditions has previously been studied. B10 cells, an interleukin (IL)-10-secreting subset of regulatory B cells, function to downregulate inflammation and autoimmunity. Thus, in the present study, the relevance of B cells in patients with BD was investigated. The plasma levels of IL-10 and IgA and the proportions of cluster of differentiation (CD)43<SUP>+</SUP> B cells, excluding naïve B cells, were measured in 16 patients with BD and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Additionally, the mRNA levels of IL-10 and AID were assessed in B cells from fresh peripheral blood samples of the BD patients and HCs. The plasma level of IL-10 in patients with BD did not differ significantly from that in HCs. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the plasma level of IgA, although a slight increase was observed in patients with BD compared with that in HCs. There were no differences in CD43<SUP>+</SUP>CD19<SUP>+</SUP> B cell numbers between patients with BD and HCs. However, IL-10 mRNA levels were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while AID mRNA levels were significantly increased (P<0.01) in the B cells of patients with BD compared with those in HCs. These results provide insight into the role of B cells in patients with BD.</P>

Characterization of effector memory CD8+ T cells in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis.

Cho, Bon-A,Sim, Ji Hyun,Park, Ji Ah,Kim, Hye Won,Yoo, Wan-Hee,Lee, Seung-Hyun,Lee, Dong-Sup,Kang, Jae Seung,Hwang, Young-Il,Lee, Wang Jae,Kang, Insoo,Lee, Eun Bong,Kim, Hang-Rae Springer 2012 Journal of clinical immunology Vol.32 No.4

<P>Little is known about the cellular characteristics of CD8(+) T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We addressed this by investigating whether the frequency of the CD8(+) T cell subsets and their phenotypic characteristics are altered in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid (SF) from patients with RA. In this study, CD8(+) T cells, mainly CD45RA(-) effector memory (EM) CD8(+) T cells, were increased significantly in the SF, but not in the peripheral blood from RA patients, compared with healthy controls. The synovial EM CD8(+) T cells were activated phenotypes with high levels of CD80, CD86, and PD-1, and had a proliferating signature in vivo upon Ki-67 staining, whereas the Fas-positive cells were prone to apoptosis. In addition, EM CD8(+) T cells in the SF were less cytotoxic, as they expressed less perforin and granzyme B. In particular, the proportions of synovial fluid mononuclear cells that were CCR4(+)CD8(+) T cells and IL-4-producing CD8(+) T cells (i.e., Tc2 cells) were significantly higher than those in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with RA and healthy controls. In addition, the number of IL-10-producing CD8(+) suppressor T (Ts) cells increased significantly in the SF of RA patients. Especially, CD8(+) T cells were inversely correlated with disease activity. These findings strongly suggest that EM CD8(+) T cells in the SF are increased, likely because of inflammation, and they may be involved in modulating inflammation, thereby affecting the development and progression of RA.</P>

경장간막 탈장 : 1부 검례 보고

조갑래,권일훈 大韓法醫學會 2000 대한법의학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Transmesenteric hernias through congenital mesenteric defects are the least common of intra-abdominal hernias and rare causes of acute intestinal obstruction in infants and children. Because of its rarity and difficulty of diagnosis, the mortality and morbidity were very high, and incarceration leads to intestinal obstruction and subsequently, strangulation and gangrene of varying lengths of intestine. We present an autopsy case of transmesenteric hernia through the defect of the mesentery of ileum, showing strangulationand obstruction of the affected small bowel.

SPORTS 外傷에 關한 調査硏究 : Centering around 88 Olympic with representative player '88서울올림픽男子代表選手를 中心으로

盧日煥,姜忠植,金達永,金興植,朴贊弘,元忠熙,姜信一,金正洙,朴晶來,李哲遠,林鎬根 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 1988 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.2

According to the investigation made by analyzing cause of the detail about sports injury. We make this things an object of all the male representative players 254 out of 286 (88.81%) that took part in the whole event from April 15, 1988 to September 16, 1988 in Seoul Olympic Games. The results are as follows. 1. The representative players in Korea started in the athlete life at age 13.1 on the average. Gymnast early started at age 8.4 and yachtist was later at age 18 in the athlete life. 2. There are about 5.7 cases on the outbreak of the sports trauma per person of player a year. This came into existence near the ankle at the high rate of damage formed 11.90%. 3. A sort of sports injury in analysis muscular bruise broke out at the highest rate of occurrence formed 15.70%. 4. The greater part of representative players themselves the injury of trauma by massage (12.53%). Some of them undergo medical treatment to the specialist hospital once a year on the average. Most of hockey players have had experience in this kind of injury treatment three times one year to per person of players. A few of them showed 0.15 times per person a year. 5. Most of representative players have been periodically to the orthopedist formed 27.59 (732) out of all 2653 cases at the high rate of fact. Especially a sort of injury in analysis, the injury of ankle region showed the percentage 11.86 (704) out of all 5,937 cases at the highest rate. 6. The period of medical treatment of the representative players in Korea came out about 14.7 days. Besides period of the other player's treatment came out mostly from one to five days formed 44.82%(935 cases) 7. Manyof them have been roughly treated with muscular bruise in analysis of sports injury. They were taking pains with muscular bruise formed 15.65% (1003) out of all 6408 case. 8. In major cause of sports injury came into existence during the training with waste of physical stamina formed 35.89% and were beyond their power with practicing the game formed 48.09%. Also, a sort of those were brought about the cause of sports injury with desire of outcome too much during in the game formed 44.20%

전자상거래를 통한 효과적인 전략적 구매 시스템의 구축에 관한 연구

장영일,이일래 인제대학교 1998 仁濟論叢 Vol.14 No.2

Electronic commerce is the conduct of business transactions over private and public electronic networks. The concept and the practice are not new, but the scale and scope of such activity have widened considerably. Even at the lower end of the forecasts, facilitating equipment and services must be in place. The value of this support is estimated to increase form $2.5 billion in 1989 to $7.5 billion by 2000, an annual growth rate of 10.5 percent. Sales of equipment should account for one-third, sales of software and services for two-third of the total at the end of the period. Two end-use sectors, financial institutions and retail establishments, will continue to dominate, together accounting for about 80 percent of total sales. Within the financial sector, the purchases of commercial banks will overshadow those of other institutions by a ratio of better than 3 to 1. Strategic sourcing is not only about cost reduction. Done correctly, it can help a company achieve competitive advantages through exclusive industry relationships with suppliers, to give just one approach. In tough industries facing aggressive global competition, companies have shifted their views of procurement from simple purchasing to optimization of the supply chain. For them, sourcing has become a key business process, critical to competitiveness and profitability, Cost cutting is not the only goal. In a study of the best practices in sourcing with leading companies in a variety of industries, we found that the best companies reduced their total costs by 12% as a result of advanced purchasing practices. They reduced their raw material inventory by 41%. The cycle time for new product development fell 62%. Inventory levels plummeted and the number of suppliers a leading company works with is reduced yearly. From some case analyses of leading companies, this study has shown the effective way of building and managing a strategic sourcing system with the application of electronic commerce. And the most important parts of applying electronic commerce to strategic sourcing are found through the steps needed in constructing a sourcing system. Finally a case study was conducted to K company for groping step by step EC application to build an effective strategic sourcin system.

枸杞子나무의 果實成熟에 관한 硏究 : 1. 成熟過程에 있어서 果實의 形態的 變化 1. Changes of morphological and histological characteristics of fruit during ripening

陳日斗,李相來 順天大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.3 No.1

優良 구기자의 증산을 위한 기초적 硏究로 구기자과실의 成熟에 따른 形態的 變化 過程과 우량 구기자의 특성을 調査하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 枸杞子의 果實은 子房壁, 격벽, 胎座 및 種子의 4部分으로 구성되어 있었다. 2. 枸杞子의 果實은 開化後 約 50日 이면 완전히 成熟하여 紅熟果로 되었다 3. 果實의 길이는 開花後 15日 까지 거의 伸長이 完了되는데 開花期로부터 10일까지의 기간에 급격히 伸長하였다. (Fig.1) 4. 果實의 幅은 開花로부터 開花後 10日 사이에 급격히 肥大하며 開花後 30~50일 사이에도 크게 肥大하였다. (Fig1) 5. 子房壁은 1列의 外表皮와 8-12列의 皮層, 2列의 內表皮로 構成되어 있었고 皮層에는 維管束이 散在되어 있었으며, 격벽의 양외측에 子房壁의 內表皮와 비슷한 2列의 細胞層이 있었다. 격벽의 中央에 胎座가 있었으며 胎座에는 4개의 維管束이 果實의 길이 方向으로 縱走하고 있었다. (Fig.2-①.②.③) 6. 開花後 3日째는 維管束에 導管만 分化되어 있었으나 7日째에는 篩管도 分化되어 있었고 外表皮의 細胞壁이 다소 肥厚되어 있었다. (Fig.2-④.⑤.⑥) 7. 開花後 10日째에는 子房壁의 皮層 組織에서 葉綠체를 관찰할수 있었으나 開花後 40日째에는 葉綠체가 소멸되어 있었다. (Fig.2-⑦.⑧.⑨.⑩) 8. 격벽의 細胞는 分裂없이 肥大 生長하였으나 珍島地方 栽培種의 경우 子房壁의 細胞는 開花期에 比해 成熟期에 1~2層 增加하였다. (Table 1) 9. 子房壁과 胎座는 開花 30日 後 급격히 肥大하였다. (Table 1) 10. 珍島地方栽培種은 靑陽地方栽培種에 比해 果實의 길이가 길고 幅이 좁았다. (Table 2). 11. 早期成熟果에서 珍島地方 栽培種은 靑陽地方 栽培種에 비해 果實 무게가 가벼웠고 乾物重 比率도 낮았으며 種子數도 적었으나 晩期 成熟果에서는 乾物重 比率이 낮고 種子數가 적은 반면 果實의 무게는 무거웠다. (Table 3) 12. 子房壁과 격벽의 두께 및 격벽의 細胞層은 두 品種間에 큰 차이가 없었으나 子房壁의 細胞層은 珍島地方 栽培種이 靑陽地方 栽培種에 비해 많았다. (Table4) In order to study the characteristics of fruit of good variety, morphological and histological changes of fruit were investigated during ripening from flowering, using two varieties, Jindo local variety generally known as good variety and Chungyang local variety. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The fruit of tea tree was found to be composed of pericarp, partition, placenta and seeds (Fig.2-①.②) 2. The ripening of fruit was required about 50 days after flowering. 3. The fruits had been elongated fully in length during 15 days after flowering, and rapid elongation was occurred during 10 days after flowering (Fig.1) 4. The width of fruit was enlarged firstly during 10 days after flowering, and secondly during period from 30 days to 50 days after flowering. (Fig.1) 5. The pericarp of fruit could be divided into epidermis, cortex and endodermis. And in both sides of partition, two layers of cells similar to those of endodermis were observed. In the cortex of pericarp and partition, vascular bundles were found to be located with the same interval, and there were four vascular bundles in the placenta (Fig.2-①.②.③) 6. There were phloems to be differentiated in vascular bundlest at 7 days after flowering while xylems were found at 3 days after flowering, and the thickening of epidermal cell wall in pericarp was observed at 7 days after flowering (Fig.2-④.⑤.⑥) 7. In the cortex of pericarp, chloroplasts were observed at 10 days after flowering but were not observed at 40 days (Fig.2-⑦.⑧.⑨.⑩) 8. The cells forming partition of two varieties and the pericarp of Chungyang local variety were enlarged without cell division during ripening while one or two layers of cell forming pericarp of fruit in Jindo local variety were increased during ripening (Table 1). 9. The cells forming pericarp and placenta were enlarged rapidly from 30 days after flowering (Table 1). 10. The length of fruit in Jindo local variety was longer than that in Chungyang local variety, where as the width of fruit was narrower in Jindo local variety (Table 2). 11. In the early ripened fruit, Jindo local variety was lighter in flesh and air-dried weight of fruit, lower in air-dried weight percentage to flesh weight and fewer in number of seeds per a fruit as compared with Chungyang local variety. In the late ripened fruit, flesh and air-dried weight of 100 fruits in Jindo local variety were larger than those in Chungyang local variety (Table 3). 12. The diameter of pericarp and partition, the size of cells forming partition were similar in both local varieties. However the size of cells forming pericarp in Jindo variety was smaller than that in Chungyang local variety (Feg.2 and Table 4).

書堂敎育을 中心으로한 韓國敎育의 傳統性에 관한 硏究

金定一,朴來鳳 韓國體育大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Ⅰ. Necessity of this study In the period of the Lee Dynasty, Shodang was the only elementary educational institution. In the time of Japanese rule, Shodang unlike the public common school, that is, the assimilation education institution by Japanese, had contributed to the folk education the education of Korean people. However, profound study of Shodang has not been made up yet, So the research on Shodang and arrangement of it are being demand. Ⅱ. Aimes of this study 1. To research on the actual condition of the education under Japanese rule, chidfly on Shodang and find out the significance of shodang as folk education institution. 2. To study the character of Shodang and find out what is the tradition of Korean education. 3. To theorize the result of research on No.1 and No.2 and make a device which can be applied to the present education. Ⅲ. Contents of this study 1. What is the teaching method in Shodang education? How was the test put into practice? What is the Character of Shodang? 2. How was guidance (discipline) in Shodang put into practice? What was the characterr of it? Ⅳ. Ways of this study 1. Referring to sundry records(materials having relation to Shodang) 2. Actual inquiry (studying through written inquiry and interviewing) Ⅴ. Summary 1. We have arrived at the following conclusion from this study Teaching method of Shodang was the typical tutorial system. Students were taught thoroughly by lessening the quantity of the lesson to learn in each period and repeating drill in Shodang. 2. Jup Jang system was the pioneer of moniter system. There was Koae Chaick Rye Ca kind of promotion ceremony) as the way of testing) in Kang (the way of Shodang education). Jang Won Rye (self congrafulation party by the person who won the first place in the examination) was one of the unique ways of Shodang education on the basis of honour. 3. Morality practice essential in daily life was thought much of in the contents and the way of guidance. As stated above, the character of Shodang education is not inferior to that of modern education in the view of the modern theory of teaching method and the theory of guidance. At least it is worth applying the way of Shodang education to the present elementary education.