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ON FIXED POINT THEOREMS FOR MULTIVALUED MAPPINGS OF FENG-LIU TYPE
Ishak Altun,Gülhan Minak 대한수학회 2015 대한수학회보 Vol.52 No.6
In the present paper, considering the Jleli and Samet’s technique we give many fixed point results for multivalued mappings on complete metric spaces without using the Pompeiu-Hausdorff metric. Our results are real generalization of some related fixed point theorems including the famous Feng and Liu’s result in the literature. We also give some examples to both illustrate and show that our results are proper generalizations of the mentioned theorems.
Mesh size refining for a simulation of flow around a generic train model
Ishak, Izuan Amin,Alia, Mohamed Sukri Mat,Salim, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Techno-Press 2017 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.24 No.3
By using numerical simulation, vast and detailed information and observation of the physics of flow over a train model can be obtained. However, the accuracy of the numerical results is questionable as it is affected by grid convergence error. This paper describes a systematic method of computational grid refinement for the Unsteady Reynolds Navier-Stokes (URANS) of flow around a generic model of trains using the OpenFOAM software. The sensitivity of the computed flow field on different mesh resolutions is investigated in this paper. This involves solutions on three different grid refinements, namely fine, medium, and coarse grids to investigate the effect of grid dependency. The level of grid independence is evaluated using a form of Richardson extrapolation and Grid Convergence Index (GCI). This is done by comparing the GCI results of various parameters between different levels of mesh resolutions. In this study, monotonic convergence criteria were achieved, indicating that the grid convergence error was progressively reduced. The fine grid resolution's GCI value was less than 1%. The results from a simulation of the finest grid resolution, which includes pressure coefficient, drag coefficient and flow visualization, are presented and compared to previous available data.
ENGAGING WITH MUSLIMS THROUGH DIALOGUE
Ishak Makram Ghatas 횃불트리니티신학대학원대학교 한국이슬람연구소 2022 Muslim - Christian Encounter Vol.15 No.2
종교는 평화와 화해를 위한 힘이 되어야 하지만, 역사는 도리어 종교적인 폭력과 전쟁으로 점철되어 있다. 기독교와 이슬람의 관계 악화의 책임이 전적으로 십자군운동에 있는 것은 아니었지만, 적어도 무슬림들의 입장에서는 기독교 유럽과 이슬람교 사이는 일련의 군사적 충돌로 이어져 왔다고 보여질 수 있다. 이슬람이 다수의 비난을 받는 종교적인 동기에 의한 서방 공격을 일부 작가들은 문명 간의 충돌로 해석하기도 한다. 무지는 불관용을 낳고 갈등은 근본주의와 급진적 신념을 조장할 수 있다. 무슬림들은 더 이상 어딘 가에 사는 사람들이 아니다. 오히려 그들은 세계 거의 모든 곳에 있고 그곳에 서 살아가고 있다. 이렇듯 점점 다원화되고 다종교화 되어가는 사회 속에서 대화가 안정 적인 관계를 시작하는 첫번째 주목할 만한 단계를 만들 수 있을까? 서로 다른 형태의 종교간 대화를 발전시키는 것이 무슬림과 더 나은 관계를 이끌 더 큰 상호 이해를 발전시키는 것을 증진시킬 수 있을까? 이러한 대화에 급진적 경향의 종교인들이 참여할 수 있을까? 본고는 무슬림들과 대화를 통해 교감하는 것에 관한 이러한 질문들에 답하는 것을 목적으로 한다. Religions are supposed to be a force for peace and reconciliation; however, history tells religious violence and war stories. Although crusading was not exclusively responsible for the deterioration of relations between Christianity and Islam, it could be seen, at least by Muslims, as a series of military campaigns fought mainly between Christian Europe and Muslims. The Muslims’ religiously motivated attacks against the West that are condemned by the majority might be interpreted by some writers as a “clash of civilizations.” Ignorance may lead to intolerance, and conflicts that may promote fundamentalism and radical beliefs. Muslims are no longer a people who live somewhere far away; they are almost everywhere in the world and are there to stay. This significant change has led to increasingly pluralistic, multi-faith societies that ought to live together. This paper aims to answer the questions concerning engagement with Muslims through dialogue. It intends to set some guidelines for avoiding two extremes, that is, the claim that one faith (Christianity or Islam) holds the truth and the other needs to listen, and the passive position that both faiths are similar and offer different ways of reaching the same goal.
FALKNER-SKAN EQUATION FOR FLOW PAST A MOVING WEDGE WITH SUCTION OR INJECTION
Ishak, Anuar,Nazar, Roslinda,Pop, Ioan 한국전산응용수학회 2007 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.25 No.1
The characteristics of steady two-dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of a viscous and incompressible fluid past a moving wedge with suction or injection are theoretically investigated. The transformed boundary layer equations are solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme known as the Keller-box method. The effects of Falkner-Skan power-law parameter (m), suction/injection parameter ($f_0$) and the ratio of free stream velocity to boundary velocity parameter (${\lambda}$) are discussed in detail. The numerical results for velocity distribution and skin friction coefficient are given for several values of these parameters. Comparisons with the existing results obtained by other researchers under certain conditions are made. The critical values of $f_0$, m and ${\lambda}$ are obtained numerically and their significance on the skin friction and velocity profiles is discussed. The numerical evidence would seem to indicate the onset of reverse flow as it has been found by Riley and Weidman in 1989 for the Falkner-Skan equation for flow past an impermeable stretching boundary.
SOME FIXED POINT THEOREMS ON FUZZY METRIC SPACES WITH IMPLICIT RELATIONS
Altun, Ishak,Turkoglu, Duran Korean Mathematical Society 2008 대한수학회논문집 Vol.23 No.1
In this paper, we give some fixed point theorems on fuzzy metric spaces with an implicit relation. Our results extend and generalize some fixed point theorems on complete fuzzy metric spaces by using a new technique.
Sol-gel 공정을 통한 SiO<sub>2</sub> 쉘과의 상이한 스테아산 비율의 합성 및 특성
샤픽빈이신크 ( Ishak Shafiq ),이한승 ( Lee Han-seung ) 한국건축시공학회 2020 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.20 No.1
The synthesis of stearic acid composite phase change material (PCM) was investigated and the samples produced were characterized for use in latent heat storage, using a simple chemical sol-gel process. The PCM was encapsulated to tetraethyl orthosilicate by various preparation ratios of stearic acid (5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 50%). Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FT-IR) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to determine the chemical structure and crystalloid phase of the microencapsulated PCM. SATEOS1 (5%) shows the best proportion for the PCM. With the presence of stearic acid as core materials and SiO2 as the supporting materials, it does not show any chemical reaction between both of them. SATEOS1 shows promising potential for thermal energy storage as it shows a better encapsulation efficiency and good thermal stability.
Ghatas, Ishak 횃불트리니티신학대학원대학교 한국이슬람연구소 2023 Muslim - Christian Encounter Vol.16 No.2
Muslims in their homelands usually have an assumed way of life, which encompasses their families, food, drinks and institutions. Faith-based regulations permit and forbid personal and communal actions. When migrating to non-Muslim majority states, their faith-based assumptions and practices are challenged. They confront issues concerning dietary practices, banking, family traditions, and interaction with non-Muslims. In such a scenario, Muslim jurists (scholars with the power to issue fatwas) attempted to rethink the sources of law in order to ease the difficulties faced by Muslim diasporas in the West. This branch of law is known as ‘minority jurisprudence’, legal rulings relating to Muslims living as minorities. However, in contrast to the help the minority jurisprudence to those who work in mainstream jobs, those who are self-employed in the food industry (restaurants or fast-food shops) often do not receive the same level of religious guidance from official channels. Advice concerning family traditions often remains an issue as juristic decisions are often academic and unhelpful to many Muslims. In this situation, the paper investigates some aspects of family matters reported in my research as problematic because of the social context in which Muslims live. 이슬람 지역에서 살아가는 무슬림들은 가족, 의식주, 제도 등과 관련하여 이슬람 신앙을 기반으로한 생활양식들을 준수하며 살아간다. 그런데 다양한 이유로 비이슬람 지역으로 이주하게 되는 무슬림들은 이러한 생활 양식을 지켜내기 어려운 상황들에 도전을 받게 된다. 구체적으로 식생활, 은행거래, 가족 전통, 그리고 비무슬림 들과의 관계 등에 있어 비이슬람적인 관행들에 맞닥뜨려야하는 것이다. 이렇듯 서구에서 살아가는 이주 무슬림들이 겪게 되는 난관들에 대해 이슬람 법학자들이 이슬람 법의 근원들에 대해 재고하여 적절한 적용을 제안하게 되었다. 이러한 학파를 일컬어 “minority jurisprudence”라고 하는데 비이슬람 권에서 소수 종교인으로 살아가는 무슬림들을 위한 법 적용을 의미하는 것이다. 그러나 이러한 시도도 모든 상황에 있는 무슬림들에게 적용하기는 어려운 측면이 있고 특별히 가족내의 문제들에 대한 법률적 해석이 학문적이고 전문적이어서 무슬림들이 실생활에 적용하는 데 큰 도움이 되지 못하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 따라서 본 논문은 유럽에서 이민자로 살아가는 무슬림들이 가족내의 문제와 관련하여 전통적인 이슬람법을 적용하는데 발생하는 문제점들을 구체적으로 설명하고자 한다. 이는 이러한 상황에 놓여 있는 무슬림들을 이해하고 다가가는데 실제적 이 해를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.
Yusniati Ishak,Azman Ismail,Anis Anisah Abdullah,Asyakireen Samsudin,Kartina Rahayu Mohamed 한국유통과학회 2018 Asian Journal of Business Environment (AJBE) Vol.8 No.4
Purpose – This study examined the relationship between dyadic relationship between leaders and followers (DRLF), distributive justice (DISJ), job satisfaction (JSTC), and organizational commitment (OGCM). Research design, data, and methodology – 200 sets of survey questionnaires were distributed to the employees at a municipal office in East Malaysia using purposive sampling technique. Only 60 percent or 115 questionnaires were returned to the researchers. The survey data were analysed using the SmartPLS due to its ability to deliver latent construct scores, handle small sample size problems and estimate relationship between many constructs in the hypothesized model. Results – The findings indicated that there is a significant correlated direct relationship between DRLF and DISJ and mediating relationship between DRLF, DISJ and personal outcomes, which are JSTC and OGCM. Conclusions – This study confirms that DISJ does act as an important mediating variable in the relationship between DRLF with JSTC and DRLF with OGCM. Other dimensions of personal outcomes, such as extra-role behaviour, job motivation and service quality should be considered in future study because they are found to be the important outcomes of the relationship between DRLF and DISJ. The importance of these issues need to be further advanced in future research.
Altun, Ishak,Turkoglu, Duran Department of Mathematics 2008 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.48 No.3
In this paper, we give some fixed point theorems for multivalued maps satisfying an implicit relation on metrically convex spaces. Our results extend and generalize some fixed point theorem in the literature.