Confirmation of F1 Hybridity Using RAPD Markers in Soybean

Jong-II Chung,Mi-Suk Ko,Jung-Hyun Shim,Seok-Hyeon Kim,Jin-Ho Kang 한국자원식물학회 1999 Plant Resources Vol.2 No.1

Molecular markers are useful to confirm the hybridity of F1 plant derived from cross of two homozygous parents with similar morphological traits. RAPD markers were used to test F1 hybrid plant obtained from cross of two homozygous soybean (Glycine mar) parents. F1 plant for cross I was made from the mating of Hobbit87 (female) and L63-1889 (male) and F1 plant for cross II was obtained from the mating of H1053 (female) and L63-1889 (male). Selfing plant per each cross was also obtained. Among 20 Operon primers used, OPA04 and OPA09 show polymorphism between cross I and II parent. Band in size 1Kb of OPA04 and 2.1Kb of OPA09 primer was polymorphic band. This fragment identified F1 hybrid plant and selfing plant in cross I and II. Female parent Hobbit87 in cross I and H1053 in cross II has no this fragment (recessive allele). However, male parent L63-1889 and F1 hybrid plant in cross I and II has this size of polymorphic band (dominant allele). This indicated that F1 hybrid and selfing plants were detected by RAPD marker before phenotypic marker would be used to identify F1 hybridity. Amplification products of selfing plant for cross I and II were completely same to the those of female parent. When mature, flower color of F1 hybrid plant in cross I and II was purple and flower color of selfing plant in cross I and II was white. Purple flower is dominant trait. F1 hybridity was successfully detected at very early growth stage using RAPD marker. Therefore, RAPD marker can be used broadly to confirm F1 hybridity in many crops.

만성 실질환 환자에서 허혈성 심질환에 대한 좌심실 이완기능 장애의 영향

최보경 ( Bo Kyung Choi ),이경남 ( Kyung Nam Lee ),황인혜 ( In Hye Hwang ),김일영 ( Ii Young Kim ),이하린 ( Ha Rin Rhee ),성은영 ( Eun Young Seoung ),송상헌 ( Sang Heon Song ),이동원 ( Dong Won Lee ),이수봉 ( Soo Bong Lee ),곽임수 대한내과학회 2012 대한내과학회지 Vol.83 No.3

목적: 만성 실질환 환자에서 허혈성 심질환은 주된 사망 원인으로, 이와 연관된 위험인자를 파악하고 관리하는 것은 중요하다. 허혈성 심질환과 관련된 심장의 구조적인 변화 중특히 좌심실 이완기능 장애는 최근 발생률이 증가하고 있으며, 예후 또한 불량한 것으로 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 만성 실질환 환자를 대상으로 심초음파를 이용하여 좌심실 이완기능 장애를 진단하고, 좌심실 이완기능 장애가 사망률 및 허혈성 심질환의 발생률에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2005년 1월부터 2010년 5월까지 본원에서 심초음파를 시행한 만성 실질환 환자 중, 좌심실 구혈률이 55% 미만, 중등도 이상의 판막질환이 있는 환자와 관찰기간이 6개월 미만인 환자를 제외한 71명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 임상적 지표들은 의무기록 조사를 통해 수집하였고, 심초음파 검사, 혈액검사를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: ROC curve를 이용한 허혈성 심질환과 연관된 좌심실 이완기능 장애의 진단 기준값은 E/E` = 15.55 (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 64.7%, p = 0.005), E/A = 0.79 (sensitivity: 84.6%, specificity: 55.9%, p = 0.006)였다. 이 값을 기준으로 E/E` > 15.55, E/A > 0.79인 19명을 좌심실 이완기능 장애가 있는 환자군, Group I으로 지정하였고, 그 외 나머지 환자 52명을 Group II로 나누었다. 심초음파에서 Group I의 E/A, DT, E/E`값은 각각 1.27, 184.21, 19.08이었고 Group II에서는 0.73, 225.19, 13.58이었다(E/A, p < 0.001; DT, p = 0.017; E/E`, p <0.001). 좌심실 이완기능 장애에 영향을 미치는 인자를 분석하였고 연령, 허혈성 심질환의 병력, 낮은 혈색소 수치, 높은 저밀도 지단백 수치가 관련이 되었다. 또한 허혈성 심질환을 야기시키는 위험인자를 분석하였을 때는 좌심실 이완기능 장애, 흡연, 높은 저밀도 지단백 수치, 높은 부갑상선 호르몬수치가 상관관계가 있었다. 좌심실 이완기능 장애와 사망률 사이의 연관성을 살펴보면, 전체 사망률은 Group I, II에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았지만(p = 0.177), 허혈성 심질환을 나타내는 disease free survival로 비교하면 Group I이 Group II보다 의미있게 생존율이 감소하였다(p = 0.001). 결론: 만성 신질환 환자에서 좌심실 수축기능이 정상이라도 E/E` > 15.55, E/A > 0.79인 중등도 좌심실 이완기능 장애를 가진 환자는 허혈성 심질환의 발생률이 높았다. Background/Aims: Cardiovascular complications are commonly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, the prevalence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) has increased, and the importance of LVDD has emerged in patients with CKD. The objectives of this study were to identify diagnostic criteria for LVDD related to ischemic heart disease (IHD) and evaluate the prognostic impact of diastolic dysfunction in patients with CKD. Methods: A total of 71 patients with CKD who were evaluated between January 2005 and May 2010 were included in this study. These patients were evaluated by conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) for diastolic dysfunction. Results: Diagnostic cutoff values for LVDD related to IHD were E/E` = 15.55 (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 64.7%, p = 0.005) and E/A = 0.79 (sensitivity: 84.6%, specificity: 55.9%, p = 0.006), Group I consisted of 19 patients with an E/E` > 15.55 and E/A > 0.79. Group II consisted of the remaining patients. Factors contributing to LVDD were age, history of ischemic heart disease, anemia, and high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level. Factors contributing to IHD were LVDD, smoking, high LDL level, and high parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. The disease-free survival for IHD was significantly lower in group I compared to group II (p= 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between groups I and II (p = 0.177). Conclusions: Our study showed that moderate LVDD (E/E` > 15.55 and E/A > 0.79) in patients with CKD is positively associated with IHD.

"25-kDa Thiol Peroxidase" (TPx II) Acts as a "Housekeeping" Antioxidant

Cha, Mee-Kyung,Kim, II-Han Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1999 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.32 No.5

The newly-found thiol peroxidases (TPx) with a conserved cysteine as the primary site of catalysis are capable of catalyzing the thiol-dependent reduction of peroxides. However, the cellular distributions of the isoforms remain poorly understood. As a first step in understanding the physiological functions of the TPx isoforms, we examined the cellular and tissue distribution of the isoenzymes in various bovine tissues. The tissue distributions of TPx isoenzymes indicate that two types of TPx are widely distributed throughout all of the tested tissues. These two forms are the predominant proteins, with levels of the proteins being quite different from each other. The level of predominant TPx proteins, named type II (TPx II) and type V (TPx V), appeared to be very different with respect to tissue type. The cellular distribution and level of TPx isoenzymes also varied with the types of cells. Immunoblot analysis of the mitochondrial and cytosol fractions from various tissues indicates that TPx III is a unique mitochondrial form. Based on the different tissue and cellular distribution of TPx isoenzymes, we discuss the physiological function of TPx isoenzymes, especially the ubiquitous TPx II.

구후차단을 이용한 백내장수술시 진정 목적으로 사용한 Midazolam 과 Midazolam-Ketamine 의 비교

김진수,박종완,김일호,한찬수,김천숙,김유재,안기량 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.34 No.6

Background : Many ophthalmic procedures can be performed using a retrobulbar regional anesthetic technique. However, retrobulbar block is painful and most of patients express anxiety about the procedure. In addition, several life-threatening complications may occur. We compared the effects of midazolam and midazolam-ketamine as a sedative during retrobulbar block in cataract surgery. Methods : Thirty patients undergoing cataract surgery were randomly allocated into two groups, group I(n=15) was received midazolam and group II(n=15), midazolam-ketamine. Mean arterial pressure(MAP), heart rate(HR), and peripheral oxygen saturation(SpO2) were compared before administration of drugs and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min after administration of drugs. Patients' movement requiring restraint were also checked. In the recovery room, postoperative nausea and vomiting, recall, delirium and/or hallucinations, and ocular complications were recorded. Results : There were no significant differences in MAP and SpO2 between groups but heart rates were significantly increased at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 min than baseline in group II. Movement score was significantly lower in Group II than in Group I during the block(p<0.05). Recall during performance of the nerve block occured more often in Group I than in Group II(p<0.05). Conclusions : Low-dose midazolam-ketamine sedation sequence was superior to a midazolam technique regarding patients' movement and recall. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 34: 1136∼1143)

나비형 골편을 동반한 경골 간부 골절의 골수강내 교합정을 이용한 치료

서정탁,남태욱,류총일 대한골절학회 1999 대한골절학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Purpose: We evaluated the result of tibial fracture with butterfly fragment treated with interlocking intramedullary nailing and union of butterfly fragment. Material and Method: The thirty tibial fractures with butterfly fragment treated with interlocking intramedullary nailing from 1994 February to 1997 January were followed up more than 12 months. They were classified by Henley's classification based on the size of fragment and Johner and Wruhs' classification based on the comminution and accident mechanism. We evaluated the bone union of tibial fracture and butterfly fragment itself. Results: The time for bone union was B1-14.5, B2-16.2, B3-18.8 weeks and Type 1-15.2, Type II-17.1, Type III-18.3 weeks. In proximal and distal part of bufferfly fragment, the time for bone union was 8.6 and 7.2 weeks in type I, 10.5 and 9.3 weeks in type II, and 11.8 and 10.2 weeks in type III. As the displacement of fragment were classified into 0-5, 5-10, and more than 10mm, the time for bone union was 15.3, 15.0 weeks in type I (no case in more than 10mm), 16.4, 17.5, 18.2 weeks in type II, and 17.7, 18.4, 20.3 weeks in type III. Conclusion: As the size and comminution of butterfly fragment increased, bony union was delayed. The union of spiral fracture in distal tibia was earlier than others, unrelated to the size of butterfly fragment. For the union of butterfly fragment, the distal part had earlier union than the proximal part. As the displacement of fragment was increased bone union was delayed.

3단계 테스트 -지적재산권제도의 표준화인가 흠결 있는 국제규범인가?-

이일호 ( Ii Ho Lee ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 2011 法學硏究 Vol.21 No.4

Der Dreistufentest ist bekanntlich in den volkerrechtlichen Vertragen geregelt; daher ist er als volkervertragsrechtliche Norm in den volkerrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen zu interpretieren und anzuwenden. Die Volkerrechtsordnung stellt ein vollig anderes Rechtsgebiet als die nationale Rechtsordnung dar. Die bisherigen Diskussionen uber den Test haben die volkerrechtlichen MaBgaben und Methoden als Anhaltspunkt der Analyse anerkannt, trotzdem beschrankt sich diese Berucksichtigung entweder in der Anfangsphase oder nur in gewissen Aspekten. In beiden Fallen ist der Test durch die bestimmten Rechtsdogmatiken der einzelnen Autoren angeschaut und subjektiv analysiert worden. Diese Arbeit hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, zu uberprufen, in welchen Rahmenbedingungen die weiteren Diskussionen uber den Dreistufentest durchgefuhrt werden sollten. Dafur ist erstens die Feststellung der volkerrechtlichen Lage des Tests notwendig (II.). Daruber hinaus sind zweitens die Besonderheiten des internationalen Immaterialguterrechts zu berucksichtigen und einzuschatzen, ob die hier gefundenen Besonderheiten auf die Auslegung oder die Anwendung des Dreistufentests tatsachlich einen gewissen Einfluss entfalten konnen (III.). SchlieBlich liefert die Arbeit einen neuen Blickwinkel auf den Dreistufentest (IV.). Vermutlich mussten wir unsere Pramisse aufgeben, dass der Dreistufentest ein materielles Wesen enthalt, das wir durch die wissenschaftliche Analyse herausfinden konnen. Wir brauchen zu diesem Zeitpunkt die materiellen Lucken im Dreistufentest nicht zu schlieBen, sondern lediglich zu feststellen, bis sich die Rechtslage weiterhin durch die Auslegungshilfe, die Erlauterung oder moglicherweise die (nachtragliche) Vertragsanderung noch geklart wurde . Die Generalklausel konnte die Delegation des Normgebers an die Rechtsprechung sein, aber auch an den zukunftigen Normgeber. Um den Dreistufentest ins lebendiges Recht zu wandeln, ist entscheidend die internationale Runde, in der die Mitglieder der Volkergemeinschaft die bis heute gestellten Fragen in der Umgebung des Dreistufentests selbst zu losen versuchen. Die Unbestimmtheit des Dreistufentests ware nicht stets negativ, sondern stellt eine Chance dar, momentane oder zukunftige Herausforderungen angemessen zu bewaltigen.

High-mass Starless Clumps in the Inner Galactic Plane: The Sample and Dust Properties

Yuan, Jinghua,Wu, Yuefang,Ellingsen, Simon P.,II, Neal J. Evans,Henkel, Christian,Wang, Ke,Liu, Hong-Li,Liu, Tie,Li, Jin-Zeng,Zavagno, Annie American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.231 No.1

<P>We report a sample of 463 high-mass starless clump (HMSC) candidates within -60 degrees < l < 60 degrees and -1 degrees < b < 1 degrees. This sample has been singled out from 10,861 ATLASGAL clumps. None of these sources are associated with any known star-forming activities collected in SIMBAD and young stellar objects identified using color-based criteria. We also make sure that the HMSC candidates have neither point sources at 24 and 70 mu m. nor strong extended emission at 24 mu m. Most of the identified HMSCs are infrared dark, and some are even dark at 70 mu m. Their distribution shows crowding in Galactic spiral arms and toward the Galactic center and some wellknown star-forming complexes. Many HMSCs are associated with large-scale filaments. Some basic parameters were attained from column density and dust temperature maps constructed via fitting far-infrared and submillimeter continuum data to modified blackbodies. The HMSC candidates have sizes, masses, and densities similar to clumps associated with Class II methanol masers and H. II. regions, suggesting that they will evolve into star-forming clumps. More than 90% of the HMSC candidates have densities above some proposed thresholds for forming high-mass stars. With dust temperatures and luminosity-to-mass ratios significantly lower than that for star-forming sources, the HMSC candidates are externally heated and genuinely at very early stages of high-mass star formation. Twenty sources with equivalent radii r(eq) < 0.15 pc and mass surface densities Sigma > 0.08 g cm(-2) could be possible high-mass starless cores. Further investigations toward these HMSCs would undoubtedly shed light on comprehensively understanding the birth of high-mass stars.</P>

Planck Cold Clumps in the <i>λ</i> Orionis Complex. II. Environmental Effects on Core Formation

Yi, Hee-Weon,Lee, Jeong-Eun,Liu, Tie,Kim, Kee-Tae,Choi, Minho,Eden, David,II, Neal J. Evans,Francesco, James Di,Fuller, Gary,Hirano, N.,Juvela, Mika,Kang, Sung-ju,Kim, Gwanjeong,M. Koch, Patrick,Lee, American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal, Supplement series Vol.236 No.2

<P>Based on the 850 mu m dust continuum data from SCUBA-2 at James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT), we compare overall properties of Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) in the lambda Orionis cloud to those of PGCCs in the Orion A and B clouds. The Orion A and B clouds are well-known active star-forming regions, while the A Orionis cloud has a different environment as a consequence of the interaction with a prominent OB association and a giant H-II region. PGCCs in the lambda Orionis cloud have higher dust temperatures (T-d = 16.13 +/- 0.15 K) and lower values of dust emissivity spectral index (beta = 1.65 +/- 0.02) than PGCCs in the Orion A (T-d = 13.79 +/- 0.21 K, beta = 2.07 +/- 0.03) and Orion B (T-d = 13.82 +/- 0.19 K, beta =1.96 +/- 0.02) clouds. We find 119 substructures within the 40 detected PGCCs and identify them as cores. Out of a total of 119 cores, 15 cores are discovered in the lambda Orionis cloud, while 74 and 30 cores are found in the Orion A and B clouds, respectively. The cores in the lambda Orionis cloud show much lower mean values of size R = 0.08 pc, column density N(H-2) (9.5 +/- 1.2) x 10(22)cm(-2) , number density n(H-2) - (2.9 +/- 0.4) x 10 5 CM -3 , and mass M-core = 1.0 +/- 0.3 M(circle dot)compared to the cores in the Orion A [R = 0.11 pc, N(H-2) = (2.3 +/- 0.3) x 10(23) cm(-2), n(H-2) = (3.8 +/- 0.5) x 10(5)cm(-3) , and M-core = 2.4 +/- 0.3 M-circle dot] and Orion B [R = 0.16 pc, N(H-2) (3.8 +/- 0.4) x 10(23) cm(-2), n(H-2) = (15.6 +/- 1.8) x 10(5) cm(-3) , and M-core = 2.7 +/- 0.3 M-circle dot] clouds. These core properties in the A Orionis cloud can be attributed to the photodissociation and external heating by the nearby H rr region, which may prevent the PGCCs from forming gravitationally bound structures and eventually disperse them. These results support the idea of negative stellar feedback on core formation.</P>

자궁경부상피내종양의 치료에서 환상투열요법 (LLETZ) 시행 후 잔류병변의 예측인자

김용범,박노현,이철민,김재원,송용상,강순범,이효표,김성일,심순섭 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.3

목적: LLETZ(Large loop excision of transformation zone)는 자궁경부상피내종양(CIN)의 정확한 진단목적 뿐만 아니라 치료목적으로도 사용되고 있다. 그러나 LLETZ 후 자궁경부내 잔류병변의 가능성 및 예측인자에 대하여 명확히 밝혀져 있지 않기 때문에, CIN 치료 방법으로서 LLETZ의 안정성, LLETZ 시술 후 어떤 경우에 자궁절제술 등의 추가 치료를 실시할 것인가에 대하여 논란이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 LLETZ시술 후 잔류병변 여부를 예측할 수 있는 관련인자들을 확인하고 절단면 양성의 임상적 의의를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 1993년 8월부터 1995년 7월까지 서울대학교 산부인과에서 LLETZ 시행 후 자궁절제술을 시행한 133명을 대상으로 임상기록을 검토하였다. 잔류병변 양성이란 자궁절제술 후 최종병리학적 소견에서 CIN이나 침윤암 등의 잔류병변이 확인된 경우로 정의하였고, 잔류병변이 없는 경우를 LLETZ를 통한 치료에 성공한 것으로 하였다. 잔류병변의 존재 여부에 연령, 병변의 등급, 절단면의 상태 등의 인자들이 관여하는지 확인하였으며, 통계학적 분석 방법으로 Student t-test, χ2 test와 Fisher's exact test를 사용하였다. 결과: LLETZ 후 자궁절제술을 시행한 환자의 85.7%(114/133)에서는 잔류병변이 없었으나 14.3%(19/133)에서 잔류병변이 발견되었고 이 중 미세침윤암이 3례에서 확인되었다. 잔류병변이 없는 환자군의 평균연령은 42.5세(27-71세)인 반면 잔류병변이 있는 환자군의 평균연령은 49.1세(33-72)로서 유의하게 높았다(p=0.005). LLETZ 후 조직검사에서 절단면 음성인 군에서 잔류병변이 발견된 경우는 9.6%(9/94)이었고 절단면 양성인 군에서 잔류병변이 발견된 경우는 25.6%(10/39)로서 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.032). LLETZ 후 조직검사에서 CIN II인 군과 CIN III인 군에서 잔류병변이 발견된 경우는 두 군에서 모두 14.3%(2/14, 17/119)로서 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 결론: LLETZ 후 절단면 양성 여부가 잔류병변의 존재 여부와 일치하지 않는 경우가 많으며, 폐경 이후의 연령이 많은 여성이나, 절단면 양성인 경우 등 잔류병변 양성 가능성이 높은 환자의 경우에는 보다 철저한 추적관찰 혹은 광범위 원추생검술이나 자궁절제술 등의 보다 적극적인 치료가 고려되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. Objective: Large loop excision of transformation zone(LLETZ) is gaining popularity as an alternative to other ablative or cone methods for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN). The optimal management of CIN after LLETZ, however, remains controversial and the reliable predictors of residual disease after LLETZ have not been consistently identified. This study was performed to identify factors to predict residual disease after LLETZ. Methods: From August 1993 to July 1995, 133 patients who received subsequent hysterectomy after LLETZ in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Seoul National University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Residual disease was defined as positive findings of CIN or further advanced findings in hysterectomy specimen. The age of patients, the severity of disease and the status of resection margin(RM) were analyzed for predictive values of residual disease. The Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Student t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The residual disease after hysterectomy was negative in 85.7%(114/133) and positive in 14.3%(19/133). Among 19 cases with positive residual disease, 3 cases were revealed to be microinvasive cervical cancer. The mean age of patients with no residual disease was 42.5 years(range; 27-71) and that of patients with residual disease was 49.1 years(range; 33-72). Nine out of 94 cases(9.6%) with negative RM and 10 out of 39 cases(25.6%) with positive RM in LLETZ had residual disease. Two out of 14 cases(14.3%) with CIN II and 17 out of 119 cases(14.3%) with CIN III in LLETZ had residual disease. The success of LLETZ which means no residual disease was influenced by the age of patients(p=0.005) and the status of resection margin of LLETZ(p=0.032). Conclusion: The negative resection margin in LLETZ does not always guarantee that there is no residual disease. Close preoperative workup and more aggressive treatment plan(wide conization or hysterectomy) should be considered in patients who has higher possibility of positive residual disease such as old age and positive resection margin in LLETZ.

Microform Cleft Lip의 분류와 치료

변태호,엄기일 大韓成形外科學會 1995 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.22 No.4

Cleft lip is an anomaly with variable expression ranging from complete cleft and palate to minor abnormality of the nose or lip. Microform cleft lip is the mildest expression of cleft lip and may be difficult to repair. A microform cleft lip has 3 major component: 1. A deformity of the nostril, 2. A narrow ridge of tissue or a depressed groove of upper lip from vermilion to nostril, 3. A minor defect of the upper vermilion border. The continuing attempt to improve results with the surgical repair of cleft lip is clearly evident by the frequent appearance of new methods or modifications of old techniques. However, there is little mention of the microform cleft lip. 35 microform cleft lip patients were operated between Jan. 1991 and Dec. 1993 in our department(15 males and 20 females). The ages of the patients ranged from 3 months to 38 years(Mean 8 years). We classified and treated the microform cleft lip as follows; Type I: Cleft lip nose without lip deformity or with slight short lip of cleft side. Type II: Mild lip deformity with blurring of Cupid's bow, vermilion notching and skin striae. Type Ⅲ. Mild lip deformity including Cupid's bow, deviation. The goals in the correction of a microform cleft lip are to obtain an esthetically pleasing upper lip and nose, and to reestablish muscle continuity for improved function. To try to attain these goals, we used above classification, and satisfactory results were obtained by treating the cleft following the classification.