Effects of supplemental bacteriophage on the gut microbiota and nutrient digestibility of ileal-cannulated pigs

Hyunwoong Jo,Geongoo Han,김은배,Changsu Kong,Beob Gyun Kim 한국축산학회 2024 한국축산학회지 Vol.66 No.2

This study measured the potential changes of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract and energy and nutrient digestibility by supplemental bacteriophages in pigs. Twelve castrated male pigs (initial mean body weight = 29.5 ± 2.3 kg) were surgically cannulated using T-cannula. The animals were housed individually in pens equipped with a feeder and a nipple waterer. The pigs were allotted to 1 of 3 experimental diets in a quadruplicated 3 × 2 Latin square design with 3 experimental diets, 2 periods, and 12 pigs resulting in 8 replicates per diet. The 3 diets were a control mainly based on corn and soybean meal with no antibiotics or bacteriophages, a diet containing 0.1% antibiotics, and a diet containing 0.2% bacteriophages. On day 5 of the experimental period, feces were collected and on days 6 and 7, ileal digesta were collected. Genomic DNA for bacteria were extracted from the ileal digesta and feces and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified. The ileal and fecal digestibility of energy, dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and fiber was unaffected by dietary antibiotics or bacteriophages. At the phylum level, the supplemental antibiotic or bacteriophage tended to result in a higher proportion of Firmicutes (p = 0.059) and a lower proportion of Bacteroidetes (p = 0.099) in the ileal digesta samples compared with the control group with no difference between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups. At the genus level, the supplemental antibiotic or bacteriophage tended to result in a higher proportion of Lactobacillus (p = 0.062) and a lower proportion of Bacteroides (p = 0.074) and Streptococcus (p = 0.088) in the ileal digesta compared with the control group with no difference between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups. In the feces, supplemental antibiotics or bacteriophages reduced the proportion of Bifidobacterium compared with the control group (p = 0.029) with no difference between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups. Overall, supplemental antibiotics and bacteriophages showed positive effect on the microbiota of in the ileal digesta without largely affecting energy or nutrient digestibility, with no differences between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups in growing pigs.

Estimation of growth model parameters for novel mini-pig breeds

( Hyunwoong Jo ),( Sang Chul Lee ),( Beob Gyun Kim ) 한국축산학회 2021 축산기술과 산업 Vol.8 No.2

The present work aimed to develop growth curve models for two mini-pig breeds: an M-Pig^® breed originating from Korean Jeju Island’s native pigs (Cronex) and Micro-pig^® (Medi Kinetics). A total 680 body weight (BW) data for the M-Pig^® ranging from 0.8 to 63.2 kg BW for 40 animals were collected from birth to 52 weeks of age. A total of 36 BW and age data for the Micro-Pig^® ranging from 0.35 to 33.5 kg BW and 0 to 96 weeks, respectively, were obtained from 20 experiments in the literature. Two different nonlinear growth curves models employed in the present work were Gompertz and Logistic models. Estimated BW growth models of M-Pig^® as a function of age (week) were: Gompertz model BW, kg = 64.57 × e^-3.21×e^-0.06t with R² = 0.976 and Logistic model BW, kg = 57.94 × (1 + 12.33 × e^-0.11t)^-1 with R² = 0.969. Estimated BW growth models of Micro-pig^® as a function of age (week) were: Gompertz model BW, kg = 31.47 × e^-2.10×e^-0.07t with R² = 0.793 and Logistic model BW, kg = 30.45 × (1 + 4.76 × e^-0.10t)^-1 with R² = 0.775. In conclusion, the BW growth curve of mini-pigs fitted better in Gompertz models than in Logistic models. The growth curves for mini-pigs developed in the present work may be used for BW gain prediction in future research employing mini-pig breeds.

Improved MCMC Simulation for Low-Dimensional Multi-Modal Distributions

Hyunwoong Ji,Jaewook Lee,Namhyoung Kim 한국경영과학회 2013 Management Science and Financial Engineering Vol.19 No.2

A Markov-chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm samples a new point around the latest sample due to the Markov property, which prevents it from sampling from multi-modal distributions since the corresponding chain often fails to search entire support of the target distribution. In this paper, to overcome this problem, mode switching scheme is applied to the conventional MCMC algorithms. The algorithm separates the reducible Markov chain into several mutually exclusive classes and use mode switching scheme to increase mixing rate. Simulation results are given to illustrate the algorithm with promising results.

Performance enhancement of Si quantum dot-sensitized solar cells based on Si functionalization and multi-layered structure

Hyunwoong Seo,Daiki Ichida,Giichiro Uchida,Naho Itagaki,Kazunori Koga,Masaharu Shiratani 한국표면공학회 2013 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2013 No.11

Standardized ileal digestible lysine requirement of pregnant sows under commercial conditions

Hyunwoong Jo,Beob Gyun Kim Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.12

Objective: The present experiment aimed to determine standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) requirements for pregnant sows individually housed under commercial farm conditions. Methods: Two hundred multiparous sows (parity = 5.1±2.0) on day 42 of gestation were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments with a balanced parity. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 0.22%, 0.32%, 0.42%, 0.52%, and 0.62% of SID Lys for the mid-gestation period (days 42 to 76) and 0.36%, 0.46%, 0.56%, 0.66%, and 0.76% of SID Lys for the late gestation period (days 77 to 103). All indispensable amino acids except Lys were provided at 110% of their requirement estimates. Daily feed allowance per sow was determined based on the back-fat thickness and body condition score at the second pregnancy check and on day 90 of gestation. Three different statistical models were used to estimate the SID Lys requirement. Results: Total born piglets alive per litter increased linearly and quadratically (p<0.001) as dietary SID Lys increased. For total born piglets alive per litter, the SID Lys requirement estimates ranged from 9.69 to 12.4 g/d for the mid-gestation period (1.19 to 1.52 g/Mcal metabolizable energy; 0.39% to 0.49%) and 14.6 to 17.4 g/d for the late gestation period (1.62 to 1.93 g/Mcal metabolizable energy; 0.52% to 0.62%). Conclusion: The mean values of the SID Lys requirement for the mid-gestation period and the late gestation period are 11.1 and 16.1 g/d (1.36 and 1.79 g/Mcal metabolizable energy; 0.44% and 0.58%), respectively, for maximal total born piglets alive per litter.

NOVEL STEEL AND ARAMID/PHENOL COMPOSITE GEAR FOR A TRANSMISSION WITH OPTIMUM DESIGN AND FEM VIBRATION ANALYSIS

Hyunwoong Kim,김철,Sanghyeon Kim,Bongjoon Kim,Chaehong Lim 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.4

Hybrid gears made of steel and fiber-reinforced polymeric composite material are recently attracting electric vehicle designers’ attention due to their possible advantages such as lightweight and lessened transfer of noise and vibration for automotive transmissions. Polymeric composite material may be placed in-between the steel teeth and central hub regions in the radial direction of the gear. The partial usage of polymeric composite material for a gear is expected to reduce the transmissibility of vibration from teeth to hub as well as the weight of the gear-train. Using the finite element method, optimization, vibration and noise analyses have been performed in order to calculate SPL (sound pressure level) for pure steel and hybrid gears, separately. At a specified point of a tooth and a hub, the changes in SPL are computed and are compared to check how effective the polymeric composite region is. The reduction in SPL of the hybrid gear is observed by comparing to that of a pure steel gear. To minimize the weight of the hybrid gear, design optimization is applied by considering fatigue strength of steel and composite material.

Analysis on the Photovoltaic Property of Si Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells

Hyunwoong Seo,Daiki Ichida,Giichiro Uchida,Kunihiro Kamataki,Naho Itagaki,Kazunori Koga,Masaharu Shiratani 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

This work first introduced Si quantum dots (QDs) for QD-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). However, the particle size of Si QDs, which had visible light absorption, was relatively large. The paint-type Si QDSC was proposed in this work because Si QDs could not penetrate into nano-porous TiO2 network. Si QDs were synthesized by multi-hollow plasma discharge CVD and mixed with TiO2 paste. For better performance, thickness of Si-TiO2 layer was varied by coating times and Si-TiO2 films were optically and electrically analyzed. As a result, 6 times screen printed Si-TiO2 film had the best performance with the smallest internal impedance and the highest photon to current efficiency.

Obstacle Detection and Feature Extraction using 2.5D Range Sensor System

Hyunwoong Park,Sooyong Lee,Wan-Kyun Chung 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

DEVELOPMENT OF PHOTOELECTRODES FOR SOLAR FUELS

Hyunwoong PARK 한국신재생에너지학회 2012 AFORE Vol.2012 No.-

Design for Additive Manufacturing in Customized Products

Hyunwoong Ko,문승기,황지홍 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a promising manufacturing technology and increasingly used to develop parts, tools, and products beyond Rapid Prototypes (RP). The unique capabilities of AM technologies enable new opportunities for customization, through significant improvements in product performance, multi-functionality, and lower overall manufacturing costs. The objective of this research is to propose a formal representation of design knowledge for Customized Design for Additive Manufacturing (CDFAM). In this study, the design knowledge on operational properties of Electron Beam Melting (EBM) are formally represented using Finite State Automata (FSA) and the concept of affordance to identify the interrelations between AM constraints, user’s desire and capabilities, and product’s customized features. The CDFAM method is expected to be the basic of advanced computational models for maximizing design and AM performances in product and AM process design.