연령에 따른 한국인의 음향지표 변화와 특성

김형태,조승호,윤성문,선동일,김민식 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.1

탄산가스 농도 변화가 팽이 버섯 재배에 미치는 영향

윤형식 외 한국버섯학회 2010 한국버섯학회지 Vol.8 No.3

팽이버섯 병재배에서 재배사 내의 탄산가스 농도를 조절하여 소비자 요구에 맞는 버섯을 안정적으로 생산하고, 생육과 수확에 관련하여 적정기준 설정을 위해 실험을 수행한 결과이다. 공시균주 특성 값을 종합해보면 탄산가스 농도가 높아지면 초발이소요일수, 생육일수, 수확일수는 증가하는 경향이고, 백색계열보다 갈색계열이 탄산가스 농도에 상관없이 초발이소요일수, 생육일수, 수확일수가 전체적으로 짧으며, ASI 4103 균주와 같이 균주의 유전적 형질이 재배적 특성에 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다. 병당 수량성은 균주에 따라 처리농도에 따른 증감의 차이는 있으나, 전반적으로 탄산가스 농도가 높아지면 수확량은 감소하였다. 개체중은 균주에 따라 약간씩 차이는 있으나 대체적으로 탄산가스 농도가 증가하면서 약간씩 감소하는 경향이다. 병당 개체수에서는 균주간의 차이가 커서 탄산가스 농도 증가에 따른 일정한 경향을 확인 할 수 없었다. 자실체의 수분함량은 균주에 따라 약간의 차이는 있으나 탄산가스 농도의 증가에 따라 수분함량이 감소되었다. This study was performed to determine the optimal concentration of carbon dioxide, which effects mushroom growth and yield. It was shown that the periods for fruiting initiation, growth and harvest of Flammulina velutipes were increased when the CO₂ concentration was raised. In general, those characteristics were less affected in brown strains than in white ones. Especially brown strain ASI4103 was susceptible to changes in CO₂ concentration. Yields per bottle and individual mushroom weight also decreased in most strains when CO₂ levels increased. We were unable to designate any tendency in the number of fruiting bodies due to the large variation within each respective strain. Finally, water contents in the fruiting bodies were found to decline under high CO₂ concentrations.

抗酸化劑 및 有色容器가 해바라기 기름의 抗酸化效果에 미치는 影響

尹衡植 慶北大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The relative effectiveness of the antioxidant activity resulted from the irradiation of direct sunlight was studied by the changes of free fatty acid value and iodine value in the sunflower oil under three different conditions-colorless, blue and brown colored container during the storage In order to investigate the effect of multiplication of the antioxidants, B.H.A and B.H.T were added respectively to the plots of blue and brown at a level of 0.05%. The obtained results were as follows. The formation of free fatty acid and the reduction of iodine value in the colored contained were more retarded than in the colorless container, and between the plots of blue and brown the latter showed more restraint effect than the former during the storage. With the addition of antioxidants in colored containers, the antioxing effects showed practically similiar to all plots but with the addition of B.H.T in the plot of brown showed multiplication effect. Generally, the multipiccation effect of antioxidients showed in the order of brown blue, in the colored container, and with addition of antioxidants in the colored, it showed brown BHT>brown BHA>blue BHT>blue BHA.

總輸膽管 結紮術후 Hepatic Glycogen 變化에 관한 形態學的 硏究

李亨周,李永浩,朴景蘭,金源式 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1991 충남의대잡지 Vol.18 No.1

For the study on the changes of hepatic glycogen after common bile duct ligation, Sprague -Dawley rats (b.w. 250± 20gm, male) were used as experimental animal. In expermental group, at 3hrs, 6hrs, 9hrs, 12hrs, 24hrs, 48hrs, 72hrs, 96hrs, and 120hrs after ligation, the common bile duct at the point of about 1cm proximal portion from its duodenal opening, the liver specimens were collected under ether anesthesia. Simple laparotomy was performed in control rats. After fixation, the specimens were sectioned 5㎛ thickness and stained with Periodic Acid Schiff, and observed under light microscope. Also, transmission electron microscopic photos were obtained with H-7000(Hitachi Co.) TEM. The results were as followings: 1. PAS reactions were changed into negative 6hours after common bile duct ligation. 2. Glycogen depletion after common bile duct ligation was closely related with functional lobule, but not in simple laparotomized rats. 3. In the common bile duct ligated rats, PAS negativity continued in the zone I until 120hours after ligation.

청소년 집단지도의 효율성 제고를 위한 집단역동의 원리와 기법 고찰

곽형식 慶山大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.16 No.1

Group activity is a medium assisted ability improvement and self realization through nature development of adolescence. Adolescence can multiple ability learning through group activity. That is received to opportunity of a growth worthy of man through learning attitude community life and skill familiar, experience of spontaneously learning, improvement of social adaptability, satisfactory human relationship, behavior tolerance. However, adolescences humanity is able to changed according to purpose of group activity. Various faculty of group activity is necessary for group is maintained with social organization by activity of various kinds for achievement of group purpose. Also Various faculty of group is assistanted for group membership live to human life and final purpose of these faculty is educational effect for group membership. This article was treated to the principle and technique of group dynamics for efficiency raise of adolescence group guidance by study on achievement reasonable and effectively to beforehand purpose. Group dynamics defined that compound group and dynamics, it is a concept some kind dynamics influence exist within group, and that is domain attempt some change group behavior from understanding in the dynamics of group to various condition effect group function and behavior. Also group dynamics take for domain with investigate reasonable various problem about group. And the peculiarity of group dynamics arrange four, the important function adjust two of the maintenance function of group and the goal achievement function of group. It establish four that is the hypothesis of group dynamics and fundamental proposition, the principle of group dynamics summarize fourteen, Simultaneously it is following that various technique of group dynamics for efficiency raise of adolescence group guidance. First, that is discussion processes technique ① Symposium ② Seminar ③ Panel ④ Small Group Round Table Discussion ⑤ Huddle Group Discussion. Second, that is communication processes techniques ① Brainstorming ② Role Playing ③ Sociometry ④ Sensitivity Training. Generally guidance methods of adolescence activity is two methods, that is individual guidance methods and group guidance methods. Group guidance methods is main methods for adolescence activity because most of adolescence activity promote group activity training. Therefore, it consider desirable experience that apply to group dynamics principle and technique of conceretely guidance methods for enhance adolescence group guidance effects.

랫드에서 인체 재조합 적혈구 조혈인자, rHuEPO의 13주 정맥투여 아만성독성에 관한 연구

김형식,곽승준,천선아,박현선,한하수,임소영,안미영,김원배,김병문,안병옥,홍성렬,이병무 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

A recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) was administered intravenously at dosage levels of 0, 100, 500, and 2500 IU/㎏/day for a period of 13 weeks. There were no observed clinical signs and deaths related to treatment in all groups tested. Decreases in body weight gain and food consumption were observed only in males of 2,500 IU/㎏ group after 2 weeks. In hematological parameters, erythrocyte content, hematocrit values and hemoglobin concentration were dose-dependently increased in rHuEPO treated groups. The ratio between kidney weight and whole body weight was significantly increased in females of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. The spleen weight was also increased in both sexes of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. However, the absolute weight change of other organs was not observed. In histopathological examinations, the renal tubular basophilia was observed only in males and females of 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. From these results, it is concluded that the no-observed adverse effect level(NOAEL) of rHuEPO is 100 IU/㎏ in rats in the present study.

道敎의 氣思想과 展開 樣相

황형식 대구대학교 인문과학 예술문화연구소 1999 人文科學硏究 Vol.20 No.-

우리나라 文書管理制度에 關한 一般的 考察 : Filing System의 問題意識을 中心으로

金馨植 이화여자대학교 법정대학 비서학과 1982 비서학연구 Vol.- No.2

The purpose of this paper is to study the practice and performance of filing systems exercised currently by business corporations in Korea with reference to the problems of efficiency, organization and paperwork which is essential for effective management operations in the office. To this aim, questionnaires were given to 400 business corporations covering domestic and foreign firms in Seoul. A random sampling of 365 was evaluated. A brief summary of the results is as follows: 1. With rapid economic growth in the past decade. today's business corporations are playing a vital role in the rapid transition to industrialization, and in the process of which our corporations appear to have grown enough to stand up against international competition in the world market. However, it used to be true, even only a decade ago, that large companies' executives as a whole wuold certainly not have thought of any problems arising out of filing and records management. Today, as our corporations grow in the form of modern businesses, the filing system has become an important management operation throughout the country, and executives have to deal with a variety of information, most of which is generated outside the company. Many of our corporations have turned out to be modern establishments to the extent that they have installed the latest large-scale plants and equipment so as to enable them to take advantage of the merits of volume production. Nevertheless, it is a widely accepted fact that despite the progress made on physical expansion, the administrative and management side has not been able to keep pace with the physical progress and has lagged behind owing to a lack of operating experience and managerial techniques in modern management. As a result, the organized filing system in our business society has not been improved. 2. According to the survey, it was revealed that as the problem of communication within business corporations is recognized to be one of the major problems in a highly sophisticated society, great emphasis has been placed on the improvement of the filing system by organizing and controlling files and records managemengt as an integral part of overall rationalization of management operations. The survey also indicates that most corporations, both domestic and foreign alike expressed the urgent need for improvement, of which the bigger the firm the more serious the expression was made, especially in the case of domestic companies. Domestic companies as a whole pointed out a number difficulties such as a lack of systematic filing systems and procedures, ignorance of the basic knowledge of practices, propensity to hoard and not destroy invalid records, shortage of filing cabinets, narrow space in the office room, etc. However, it should be noted at this juncture that there are certain differences between domestic and foreign firms in their expression of difficulties. For example, the former stresses the shortage of cabinets wheras the latter is concerned about not destroying invalid records. 3. The survey shows that, in the case of domestic firms, the importance of systematic filing and records management is widely recognized and accepted in some degree by the executives of most large firms, but they are reluctant to take necessary action, as insisted by clerical workers, because it would incur additional expenses and be a tedious, time consuming task. Therefore, it was concluded that unless an executive makes up his mind to solve the communications problem completely and to confirm whether or not the present system is suitable for the job, the company would have to gamble on guess work without useful information at hand. The time alone that is lost by looking for improperly stored records may cost a company much money. Regardless of the size of company, a standardized filing system should be introduced, (if necessary, step by step) and practices shuld be based on research and be suited to meet the needs of the company in consultation with a professional consultant, because the practice of copying another company's filing system for similar records in their own company is not suitable in some cases and many other technical factors should be taken into account. 4. According to the survey, standardized paper sizes and uniform writing patterns in the business community as a whole, including government groups, should be made as a first step toward the social goal of efficient management throughout our society. In orther to do this, it is desirous for the government to take the initiative to provide the business community with uniform paper sizes and writing patterns similar to those of western countries in collaboration with research institutes, business circles and others. Furthermore, one factor hindering our filing system as pointed out in the survey is the multi-staged approval system, a system peculiar to our business community. This system implies that documents are subject to interim officers review, which often means that it most pass more than half a dozen checkers before they get the final approval of the top manager. This system is time-consuming, and unnecessary paperwork is generated which stems from not delegating responsibilities to subordinates. Finally, it should be kept in mind that even though a filing system is installed it can not be managed without trained personnel. Therefore, the system must be led by a competent administrator and be staffed with trained clerks who understand the full importance of records management. And the community as a whole should cooperate to improve our present filing system and to provide more opportunities to train clerical workers for the betterment of our business society.

목포항의 항만현황과 개발방향에 관한 연구

김형근,신호식 木浦海洋大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.5 No.2

In this study the writer analyzed and suggested the situation of the port and development project of the Port of Mokpo which attaining 100th anniversary of opening a port. The important contents of the study can be summarized as follows: Firstly, The total length of wharf of Mokpo Port is composed of 4,964 meters. Among them, the length of cargo ships wharf is 3,962 meters and the length of passenger ships wharf is 351 meters and the length of fishing boats wharf is 633 meters. Secondly, For the last three years(1994-1996) the amount of harbour materials and the income of cargo work of the Port of Mokpo is analyzed as the lowest rank in the principal ports of the whole country. Thirdly, The development project of No.1 Wharf is suggested as a international passenger wharf and position wharf of international exchanges, and the development project of No.2,3 Wharf is suggested as a leisure wharf, and the development project of No.4,5 Wharf is suggested as a coasting passengers and tourists wharf, and the development project of Southern Port is suggested as a port of environmental fraternization, and the development project of Northern Port is suggested as a fishing port. Finally, In the municipal organization of Mokpo, the new establishment of the Department of the Ocean & Fisheries is suggested.

아세톤-물 혼합용매내에서 1_1 전해질의 전기전도도에 대한 연구

오형식,김종현,전동철 木浦大學校基礎科學硏究所 1988 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

여러가지 조성의 아세톤-물 혼합용매중에서 LiC1, LiBr 및 Lil의 희박용액 전도도를 25℃에서 측정하였다. 그 결과 각 전해질들의 여러 농도에 따르는 당량전도도의 변화가 Fuoss-Onsager's semiem-pirical 식에 대해서 좋은 일치를 보여 주었다. 또한 아세톤-물 혼합용매의 몰 분율이 증가함에 따라 극한당량전도도??값이 LiC1, LiI는 0.3 몰 분율에서, LiBr는 0.2 몰 분율에서 가장 작은 값을 나타내었다. Walden Product??는 LiC1와 LiBr가 0.1 몰 분율에서, LiI는 0.0 몰 분율에서 최대치를 보여 주었고, 그 후로는 아세톤 몰 분율의 증가에 따라 계속 감소하였다. The equivalent conductance of LiC1, LiBr and LiI have been measured in Acetone-Water mixtures of various composition (0.0∼0.6 mole fraction) at 25℃. The value of equivalent conductance agreed well with the Fuoss-Onsager's semiempirical equation. The minimum limiting equivalent conductance was found in 0.3 mole fraction Acetone for LiC1, LiI and LiBr was found in 0.2 mole fraction Acetone. The maximum Limiting Walden Products?? of LiC1 and LiBr was found in 0.0 mole fraction Acetone, and LiI was found in 0.0 mole fraction Acetone. And also, after 0.1 mole fraction and 0.0 mole fraction, decreased with increasing of mole fraction Acetone.