갈대 생육지에서 질소 시비가 사초의 생육과 수량 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향

서성,박진길,김원호,김맹중,이상학,정종성,박형수,성하균,이종경,Seo, Sung,Park, Jin Gil,Kim, Won Ho,Kim, Meing Jooung,Lee, Sang Hak,Jung, Jong Sung,Park, Hyung Soo,Sung, Ha Guyn,Lee, Joung Kyong 한국초지조사료학회 2013 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 질소(N) 시비가 부존 조사료자원인 갈대(Phragmites communis)의 생육과 수량 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 2012년에 충남 천안과 경기 안산지역에서 실시되었다. 천안 국립축산과학원 갈대 재배지에서는 N 무시비구, N 50 kg/ha구, N 100 kg구 등 3처리를 두고 4월 30일 시비, 6월 21일 수확하였으며, 안산 시화간척지 갈대 자생지에서는 N 무시비구, N 60 kg/ha구 등 2처리를 두고 5월 1일 시비, 8월 1일 수확하였다. 갈대의 초장과 엽색은 N 시비구에서, 그리고 N 시비수준이 높을 때 양호하였다. 건물률은 N 시비구에서 약간 낮아지는 경향으로 천안지역은 무시비구 39.8%, N 시비구 37.6%, 36.7%, 안산지역은 무시비구 39.4%, N 시비구 37.6%였다. 천안지역의 건물수량, 조단백질 수량 및 가소화 건물수량은 무시비구에서 ha당 각각 4,026 kg, 235 kg, 1,850 kg, N 50 kg 시비구는 각각 4,658 kg, 306 kg, 2,388 kg, N 100 kg 시비구는 각각 5,622 kg, 446 kg, 3,143 kg으로 유의적으로 증가하였으며 (p<0.05), 안산지역은 무시비구에서 각각 2,802 kg, 177 kg, 1,288 kg, N 60 kg 시비구는 각각 3,876 kg, 294 kg, 1,853 kg으로 유의적으로 증가하였다 (p<0.05). 천안지역의 조단백질 함량, 건물 소화율 및 상대사료가치 (RFV)는 무시비구에서 각각 5.85%, 45.96%, 64.0 (품질 5등급), N 50 kg 시비구는 각각 6.58%, 51.27%, 72.3 (5등급), N 100 kg 시비구는 각각 7.94%, 55.91%, 72.7 (5등급)로 높아졌으며, 안산지역도 무시비구에서 각각 6.30%, 45.98%, 70.2 (5등급), N 60 kg 시비구는 각각 7.59%, 47.80%, 78.3 (4등급)으로 높아지는 경향이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 갈대 생육지는 시비가 가능한 조건이라면(하천변이나 강변 등 수질오염이 우려되는 지역이 아닌), ha당 N 60~100 kg을 생육기에 시용해 주는 것이 생산량과 사료가치를 크게 개선시켜줄 수 있어 바람직하였다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilization on the forage growth, production and quality of native reed (Phragmites communis) grasses. Field experiments were conducted in Cheonan and in Ansan, 2012. Treatments were control (no N fertilization), 50 kg/ha and 100 kg/ha in Cheonan plots (fertilization on April $30^{th}$, and harvest on June $21^{st}$). Treatments in Ansan plots were control (no N fertilization) and 60 kg/ha (fertilization on May first, and harvest on August first). Forage growth and leaf colors were improved in N fertilized plots. However, the drymatter (DM) percentage was slightly decreased with N fertilization. Forage yields, in terms of DM, crude protein (CP) and digestible DM (DDM), were significantly increased with N fertilization in both sites. In Cheonan, DM, CP and DDM yields per ha were 4,026 kg, 235 kg and 1,850 kg, respectively, in the control plot, and were 4,658 kg, 306 kg and 2,388 kg, respectively, in the N 50 kg plot, and 5,622 kg, 446 kg and 3,143 kg, respectively, in the N 100 kg plot. In Ansan, DM, CP and DDM yields per ha were 2,802 kg, 177 kg and 1,288 kg, respectively, in the control plot, and were 3,876 kg, 294 kg and 1,853 kg, respectively, in the N 60 kg plot. Forage quality in terms of CP content, in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) and relative feed value (RFV) were also increased with N fertilization in both sites. In Cheonan, the CP content, IVDMD and RFV were 5.85%, 45.96% and 64.5 (grade 5), respectively, in the control plot, 6.58%, 51.27% and 72.3 (grade 5), respectively, in the N 50 kg plot, and 7.94%, 55.91% and 72.7 (grade 5), respectively, in the N 100 kg plot. In Ansan, the CP content, IVDMD and RFV were 6.30%, 45.98% and 70.2 (grade 5), respectively, in the control plot, and 7.59%, 47.80% and 78.3 (grade 4), respectively, in the N 60 kg plot. In conclusion, N fertilization of 60~100 kg/ha was desirable for greater forage production, with a higher quality of native Phragmites communis achievable. This should only be applied if the fertilization area is not located at a riverside/streamside or in riparian land where there is a high risk of water pollution by fertilization.

이동 환경에서 멀티캐스트 적용 방안

홍형섭(Hyung-Seop Hong),하정락(Jeoung-Lak Ha),현은희(Eun-Hee Hyun),김상하(Sang-Ha Kim) 한국정보과학회 2001 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.2Ⅲ

Mobile IP(MIP)[1] Working Group에서 제안하고 있는 멀티캐스트 적용 방안에는 크게 HA기반 라우팅과 FA기반 라우팅으로 구분된다. HA기반 라우팅 방법은 멀티캐스트 패킷을 HA에서 터널링하는 방법을 사용하므로 경로의 최적화가 이루어지지 않게 되며 터널 집중화 현상이 발생하게 된다. FA기반 라우팅 방법은 이동 호스트의 핸드오프가 일어날 때마다 멀티캐스트 트리의 재구성이 필요하므로 많은 오버헤드가 발생하지만 경로 최적화는 얻을 수 있다. 본 논문은 HA기반 라우팅과 FA기반 라우팅 방안을 절충한 새로운 멀티캐스트 제공 방안을 제안한다. MH의 이동이 빈번한 마이크로 레벨에서는 HA기반 라우팅을 이용하고, MH의 이동 거리가 큰 매크로 레벨에서는 경로 최적화를 위하여 새로운 멀티캐스트 트리를 재구성함으로써 보다 효율적 멀티캐스트 서비스가 가능한 메커니즘의 프로토타입을 제안한다.

정신분열증과 우울증의 지각결핍의 비교

이수형,송경의,이형영,하형욱 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.4

정신분열증 환자의 지각결핍을 타 질환군과 비교해 보기 위하여 1983.6.1부터 동년 8월 31일 까지 전남의 대병원 정신과 외래에 다니는 우울증 환자 20명 국립나주정신병원에 입원한 정신분열증 환자 20명을 임의 선택하여 Garner의 모형을 이용 카드 분류를 시행하고 그 자료를 토대로 수정분류시간, 공제지수, 비율지수 등을 산출하여 변량분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 양 군의 수정시간을 변량 분석한 결과 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 2. 공제지수와 비율지수를 변량분석한 결과 과다성 분류와 여과분류에서는 공제지수와 비율지수에서 아무런 유의차가 없었다. 3. 주사분류에서는 공제지수 비교에서 1% 수준에서 비율지수 비교에서 5% 수준으로 우울증의 분류시간이 긴 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때 여과기능의 결함이라는 지각결핍은 정신분열증의 고유한 장애가 아닐 수도 있겠다. The perception of stimuli with two dimensions (size and figure) was investigated using Garners card sorting method into schizophrenic and depressive patients. The comparison of three performance indices (redundancy, filltering, scanning) between two study groups revealed that 1) the analysis of variance of the corrected time shows no significant difference between two groups, 2) in redundancy and filtering sorting the subtractive and ratio indices show no significant difference between two groups, 3) in scanning sorting the depressive group shows significantly longer sorting time than schizophrenic group(p<0.01 in subtractive index, p>0.05 in ratio index). The above findings suggest that the previously known perceptual deficit(mainly filtering deficit) may not be specific only to schizophrenia.

2010 파주, 안산지역 갈대, 억새 등 야초류의 이용실태와 사료가치 평가

서성(Sung Seo),김원호(Won Ho Kim),정민웅(Min Woong Jung),박형수(Hyung Soo Park),심재진(Jae Jin Shim),박진길(Jin Gil Park),성하균(Ha Guyn Sung),김종덕(Jong Duk Kim),이종경(Joung Kyong Lee) 한국초지조사료학회 2011 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.31 No.2

본 연구는 부존 조사료자원의 이용을 활성화하여 수입사료를 줄이고 가축 사료비를 절감하고자 2010년도에 경기 파주 (민통선 지역)와 경기 안산 (시화지구)에서 갈대와 억새 등 야초자생지를 탐색하고, 수확?이용실태 조사와 함께 사료가치를 분석하였다. 파주 민통선 내억새 (Miscanthus sinensis)와 갈대 (Phragmites communis) 혼합 자생지는 90~100 ㏊ 규모로, 1차 곤포작업으로 사일리지 520톤 (㏊당 6톤), 2차로 380톤 (㏊당 4톤)을 조제하여, 연 사일리지 900톤 (㏊당 10톤)을 생산하였다. 곤포의 유통가격은 롤당 52~55천 원으로 ㎏당 130~137.5원이었다. 곤포는 자가소비 50~70%, 판매유통 30~50%로, 수익성은 인건비 정도로 추정되었다. 초장 70 ㎝의 재생 억새는 조단백질 9.6%, 상대사료가치 82.4 (건초 4등급), 건물 소화율 67.7%, 초장 70 ㎝의 재생 갈대는 각각 13.8%, 84.3 (4등급), 67.9%로 사료가치는 높았으며, 수확이 늦어짐에 따라 사료가치는 크게 낮아졌다. 안산 시화지구 (3공구)의 갈대 등 야초류자생지는 100 ㏊ 정도로 2009년도에는 50 ㏊에서 사일리지 550톤 (㏊당 11톤)을 생산하여 롤당 50천 원에 유통하였으며, 2010년도는 잦은 강우와 장마로 부분 이용에 그쳤다. 고초기의 갈대는 건물률 89.8%, 조단백질 2.2%, NDF 80.6%, ADF 55.4%, 상대사료가치 52.9 (5등급), 건물 소화율 36.4%로 볏짚에 비해서도 사료가치는 크게 낮았다. 초장 80 ㎝의 재생 갈대는 조단백질 12.9%, 상대사료가치 99.8 (3등급), 건물 소화율 66.6%로 사료가치는 양호하였으며, 개화기의 초장 150 ㎝ 갈대는 조단백질 4.5%, 상대사료가치 59.9 (5등급), 건물 소화율 42.2%로 볏짚의 사료가치와 비슷하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여볼 때, 갈대, 억새 등 야초류는 현 상태에서 최대한 수거?이용하되, 사료가치를 유지하고 가축 기호성을 고려한 시기에 수확하는 것이 중요하며, 최소한 볏짚과 비슷하거나 그 이상의 사료가치를 기대하기 위해서는 7월 중순 이전 (늦어도 7월까지)에 수확?이용하는 것이 권장된다. 본 연구에서 조사된 대부분의 야초류는 상대사료가치가 75 이하인 건초 5등급으로 사료가치는 매우 낮았으며, 키가 작은 영양생장기에 수확한 경우에만 4등급으로 나타났다. 부존 조사료자원의 이용은 양질의 사료작물 생산과 병행하여 추진하는 것이 바람직하였다. This study was carried out in 2010 to investigate the utilization and nutritive value of native grasses, such as Phragmites communis and Miscanthus sinensis which might reduce the cost of feeding domestic cattle. The regions within the Civilian Control Line in Paju and Sihwa region in Ansan were surveyed. In Paju, the yearly silage production was 900 MT harvested from 90 ha (10 MT/㏊). About 30~50% of these were sold out at the marketing price of 52,000~55,000 Won per roll (130~137.5 Won/㎏). Regrown Miscanthus sinensis of 70 ㎝ in length contained 9.6% of crude protein (CP), 82.4 of relative feed value (RFV), and 67.7% of in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). Regrown Phragmites communis of 70 ㎝ in length contained 13.8% of CP, 84.3 of RFV, and 67.9% of IVDMD. As harvesting was delayed, the quality was decreased dramatically. In Ansan region, Phragmites communis plantation covers 100 ha. The silage production was 550 MT from the area of 50 ha (11 MT/㏊) in 2009. And the marketing price was 50,000 Won per roll. But in 2010 only a small amount of grasses could have been baled due to frequent and much rainfall from spring to summer season. However, the good forage quality was observed from regrown Phragmites communis of 80 ㎝ in length, 12.9% CP, 99.8 RFV and 66.6% IVDMD, while that of late matured grasses was very low, 2.2% CP, 52.9 RFV and 36.4% IVDMD, greatly lower than forage quality of rice straw. The quality of grasses at bloom stage of 150 ㎝ in length was similar to that of rice straw, showing 4.5% CP, 59.9 RFV and 42.2% IVDMD. In conclusion, the overall quality of most native grasses in this survey were very poor. Therefore, we recommend that Phragmites communis and Miscanthus sinensis should be harvested during June or July to obtain better forage quality which is richer in forage values than rice straw. Production of high quality forage crops was also desirable for self sufficiency of forage.

Recombinant Human HAPLN1 Mitigates Pulmonary Emphysema by Increasing TGF-β Receptor I and Sirtuins Levels in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells

김대경,Yongwei Piao,So Yoon Yun,Zhicheng Fu,Ji Min Jang,Moon Jung Back,Ha Hyung Kim 한국분자세포생물학회 2023 Molecules and cells Vol.46 No.9

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2030. One of its components, emphysema, has been defined as a lung disease that irreversibly damages the lungs’ alveoli. Treatment is currently unavailable for emphysema symptoms and complete cure of the disease. Hyaluronan (HA) and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1), an HA-binding protein linking HA in the extracellular matrix to stabilize the proteoglycan structure, forms a bulky hydrogel-like aggregate. Studies on the biological role of the full-length HAPLN1, a simple structure-stabilizing protein, are limited. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that treating human alveolar epithelial type 2 cells with recombinant human HAPLN1 (rhHAPLN1) increased TGF-β receptor 1 (TGF-β RI) protein levels, but not TGF-β RII, in a CD44-dependent manner with concurrent enhancement of the phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3), but not p-Smad2, upon TGF-β1 stimulation. Furthermore, rhHAPLN1 significantly increased sirtuins levels (i.e., SIRT1/2/6) without TGF-β1 and inhibited acetylated p300 levels that were increased by TGF-β1. rhHAPLN1 is crucial in regulating cellular senescence, including p53, p21, and p16, and inflammation markers such as p-NF-κB and Nrf2. Both senile emphysema mouse model induced via intraperitoneal rhHAPLN1 injections and porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced COPD mouse model generated via rhHAPLN1-containing aerosols inhalations showed a significantly potent efficacy in reducing alveolar spaces enlargement. Preclinical trials are underway to investigate the effects of inhaled rhHAPLN1-containing aerosols on several COPD animal models.

抗生劑耐性傳達因子의 除去에 關한 實驗的 硏究

河大有,金炯魯,金圭次,李憲九 대한의학협회 1979 대한의학협회지 Vol.22 No.9

C-3 및 C-7(치환) 세파로스포린계 항생제의 합성과 항균활성에 관한 연구(2)

河在天,高玉鉉,姜馨龍 조선대학교 약학연구소 1995 藥學硏究誌 Vol.17 No.1

In order to development new cephalosporin antibiotics 7β[(z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido]-3-[5-(1,5-dimethyl-2-pyrroletetrazol-2-yl]methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid(9) and 7β-[(z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimi no) acetamido]-3-[5-naphthyltetrazol-2-yl]methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid(10) were synthesized. These compounds were tested for antimicrobial activities in vitro against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Mycobacterium phlei IFO 3158, Alcaligenes faecalis KCTC 1004, Escherichia coli 8S, Salmonella typimurium KCTC 1925, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO 13130, Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC 1560 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231, respectively. Compound(10) showed good antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 and Mycobacterium phlei IFO 3158 but compound(9) showed lower antimicrobial activities as compare with cefotaxime and cefazolin.

골다공증 척추 골절에서 전방 감압술 및 기기 이용 전방 유합술

하기용,류승준,윤형문 대한척추외과학회 2003 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.10 No.3

유도경기 지도자의 리더십 행동유형과 경기력과의 효율 분석

하형주,유성연 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

The purpose of this study is to enhance leadership of Judo Leaders by adopting double sided approach to Judo players in high schools nation-wide, applying dynamic and whole "Competing values leadership scale for sport" theory, identifying leadership type of Judo leaders by gender and by team level through in depth study and providing basic materials for effective teaching according to the circumstances of the specific team The subjects were male and female Judo players in high schools nation-side who were registered in Korea Judo Association and had participated more than 7 national contests between march 2001 till December 2002, They were 420 in 18 teams (10 teams for male students and 8 teams for female students). The tool used was "Competing Values Leadership Scale for Sport" developed by Hyeong-ju Ha in 1995. ANOVA method was used to verify differences between Judo teams and leadership type of the leaders. Post analysis was done using Newman Keuls and all the materials were coded on MS-EXCEL, For statistics analysis, SPSS/PC Version 10.0 was used under the condition of p<0.05. Additionally standard point of the role of each leader (Z) was calculated for relative evaluation and leader profile structure was achieved through MS-Excel. The results of the study through material analysis were as follows; 1) Intermediary representation role was high (p<.05) in male teams and analytical management role (p<.05) end spiritual support role (p<.01) were high in female teams. 2) Male team leaders should enforce analytical management role and female team leaders should enforce creative study role and intermediary representation role in their leadership profile.

Dexamethasone이 마우스의 여러 가지 Suppressor T Cells에 미치는 영향

하대유,김형일,임선영 大韓免疫學會 1987 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

The effect of dexamethasone(DEX) on delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH) reactions and antibody responses to various concentrations of sheep red blood cells (SRBC), and of polyvinylpyrroridone(PVP), graft-vs-host reaction were evaluated. DEX treatment(lOOpg/mouse, 1.p, b.I.d.) was begun 1 daybefore immunization or cell transfer and continued until challenge with antigen or throughout experiments. The treatment with DEX inhibited DTH and antibody responses to high, low and intermittent doses and markedly inhibited GVH reactivity of thymus, lymph node and spleen cells. DEX markedly inhibited antibody response to high(25pg/mouse) and low(0.025pg/mouse) doses of PVP, but not to intermit-tent dose(0.25pg/mouse) which is optimal immunizing dose of PVP in mice. The ability of DEX to inhibit the immune suppression mediated by different types of murine T sup-pressor cell was also evaluated. The activity of suppressor cells induced by UVB irradiation, :: dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(DNBS) injection and inoculation with a high dose of SRBC was evaluated after adoptive transfer to naive syngeneic recipients. DEX was administered to recipients b. i. d. at the dose of 100pg/mouse, beginning I day before the adoptive transfer of UVB―, DNBS― or .SRBC―tolerized spleen cells (1 X10'/mouse) continuing until challenge. DEX treatment abrogated the expression of DNBS―induced, Lyt―2 , T suppressor cells and stimulated contact sensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB) in adoptive transfer experiments. In contrast, the Lyt―1'' T suppressor cell activity induced by UVB irradiation and the Lyt―2+ T-suppressor cell-mediated unresponsiveness induced by inoculation with a high dose of SRBC were refractory to DEX treatment. UVB-induced suppression of both con-tact sensitivity to DNFB and DTH response to SRBC could be transferred into recipients. These results indicate that T suppressor cell populations differ markedly in their susceptibility to modulation by DEX treatment, illustrating the diversity of suppressor cell mechanisms operating different in immune states. This also suggests that meaningful application of immunotherapeutic modulation may re-quire a precise understanding of the property of suppressor cell suhpopulations involved in a specific immune response before reliable ther apy can be achieved.