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공기청정기의 일부 실내공기 오염물질 제거효율에 관한 연구
이태형,김윤신,홍승철,이철민,김종철,전형진,김중호 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.5
In this study, we investigated PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OHP) in urine at indoor environments which are 35 houses and 20 hospitals for using air cleaner and non-using air cleaner in Seoul metropolitan area and Kyoung-gi province from April, 2003 to February, 2004. Moreover, we examined effect of improvement for indoor air quality and health effect by concentration of 1-OHP also we investigated removal efficiency by air cleaner for PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-OHP that were 28.5%, 27.4%, and 42.1% respectively. Concentration of PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-OHP were 19.02±18.14μg/m³, 8.66±3.06ppb, and 0.19±0.18μg/g creatinine when air cleaner was no worked. The concentration for PM_(10), NO₂ and 1-OHP were 13.60+10.79μg/m³, 6.29±2.71ppb, and 0.11±0.10μg/g creatinine, respectively. It was significant statistically. Therefore, it is considered using the air cleaner to remove the partial pollutants in indoor environment and is positive effect for health.
원형섭,김상은,배성만,박철완,이 근,조상훈,김상일,우병완 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Extremity vascular trauma is common in most emergency centers, and controversy remains about the optimal management of arterial injuries. Retrospectively we reviewed the records of 23 patients who had upper or lower extremity arterial trauma from July 1994 to December 1995. The purpose of this study was to evaluate our department`s management policy to major arterial injuries. The leading cause of major arterial injuries was penetrating trauma. We found that there were clinical findings such as absence of or decreased strength of pulsation(82.6%), cool ischemic extremity(69.6%), large expanding hematoma(43.5%), major bleeding(17.4%) and bruit or thill(8.7%). We gave the priority to management of life-threatening injuries and applied the pressure dressing to wounds as early as possible. There were 18 men(78.3%) and 5 women(21.7%); the mean age was 35(range 20-56 years old) years. There were 12 arterial injuries(52.2%) in the upper extremity and 11 arterial injuries(47.8%) in the lower exteremity. The most commonly injured artery was the brachial artery in the upper(34.8%) and the femoral artery in the lower(30.4%) extremity. The etiology included knife stabbing in 10 patients(43.5%), motor vehicle accidents in 6(26.1%), industrial accidents in 4(17.4%), falls in 2(8.7%) and a farm equipment accident in 1 patient(4.3%). The associated injuries were muscle injuries(78.3%), fracture(56.5%), nerve injuries(52.2%), vein injuries(43.5%), shock(17.4%) and dislocation(13.0%). All patients with arterial injuries were given a preoperative prophylactic antibiotic and TIG(tetanus immunoglobulin). We used Doppler technique as a means of detecting the blood flow. Fourteen patients(60.9%) underwent preoperative arteriography in the radiology department. We performed surgical exploration as soon as major arterial injuries were suspected. The most common methods of treating major arterial injuries were interposition vein graft(69.6%) and end to end anastomosis(21.7%). Systemic or locally infused heparin was used for all vascular repairs. In many of our patients(56.5%), fasciotomy was performed before the vascular repair, as a part of the exploration of the distal arteries. There were 2 amputations(8.7%) but no death. The reason for secondary amputation were wound infection in one and failure to achieve sufficient arterial flow to the involved extremity with resulting gangrene in the other. As the time factor is vitally important in the management of arterial injuries, we advocate prompt and early surgical treatment within 6 hours of the trauma. In conclusion, we believe that the crucial factorsin successful management of major arterial injuries of the extremities are early diagnosis, prompt treatment, complete debridement, fasciotomy when indicated, and simultaneous treatment of concomitant injuries.
Nd₂O₃가 첨가된 반도성 BaTiO₃자기의 PTCR효과
이형복,이경희,정윤중,박철용 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1989 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.8 No.-
The room temperature resistivity was minimum value at Nd₂O₃ 0.15 mol% in Nd₂O₃doped BaTiO₃ ceramics. Grain sizes were decreased abruptly with Nd₂O₃ doping amount and the size demonstrated minium of 0.7∼1㎛ at Nd₂O₃ 0.2mol% doped. But the room temperature resistivity and grains size were increased again with increase amount of Nd₂O₃ doping amount. With impurity Al₂O₃ or without Al₂O₃, the above behaviors were similar according to the amount of Nd₂O₃ but the room temperature resistivity was a little decreased when added with Al₂O₃. When ?? was added as a counter dopant, the room temperature resistivity was minimum at 0.09 mol% addition and that time the resistivity anomaly effect was about 4 order.
HBx형질전환 생쥐에서 발생한 간세포암종에서 H-ras 및 c-myc의 발현에 관한 연구
문형배,소병준,김학철,윤기중,한원철,조향정,유대열,정영진 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2002 圓光醫科學 Vol.17 No.2
<연구목적> HBx형질전환 생쥐에서 발생한 간세포암종의 발암과정에 종양유전자(H-rgs, c-myc)의 발현 정도를 조사하고자 하였다. <연구방법> 정상생쥐 12마리(4-18개월) 및 HBx 형질전환 생쥐 44마리(4-18개월)를 대상으로 포르말린에 고정하고 파라핀에 포매한 간 조직을 이용하여 면역조직화학적염색을 실시하였다. 실험군은 정상 부위, 이형성 부위 및 종양 부위로 구분하였으며, 종양 부위는 소결절성병변 부위와 간세 포암종 부위로 구분하였고, 이형성병변 부위는 이형성병변만 발견되는 부위, 소결절성병변과 동반된 이형성병변 부위 및 간세포암종과 동반된 이형성병변 부위로 구분하였다. <연구결과> H-rgs의 발현은 정상 간조직에 비하여 이형성병변 부위(P<0.05) 및 종양 부위(P<0.01)에서 증가하였으며, 소결절성병변 부위과 간세포암종 부위 사이에서는 간세포암종 부위에서 증가된 경향이었으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 각 이형성병변 부위 사이에서도 유의한 차이는 없었다. c-myc의 발현은 정상 간조직 및 이형성병변 부위에 비해 종양 부위에서 증가하였으며(P<0.001), 소결절성병변 부위와 간세포암종 부위에서는 비슷하였고, 각 이형성병변부위 사이에서도 비슷하였다. <결론> HBx형질전환 생쥐에서 발생하는 간세포암종의 발생에 H-rgs는 이형성 변화를 일으키는 시기에 관여하며, c-myc은 이형성병변에서 암으로 이행하는 시기에 관여할 것으로 생각한다. Background: This experiment was designed for the expression of H-ras and c-myc in hepatocarcinogenesis of the HBx transgenic mice. Methods: Immunohistochemical stains in the paraffin embedded tissue of the liver were used for the detection of H-ras and c-myc in the 12 normal mice and 44 HBx transgenic mice of the 4-18 month old. Results: Expression of the H-ras was significantly increased in the dysplastic area (P<0.05) and tumor area (P<0.01) than in the normal liver. But there were no differences of H-ras expression between areas of microscopically identified hepatocellular carcinoma (MI-HCC) and grossly identified hepatocellular carcinoma (GI-HCC) and dysplastic areas among the only dysplastic areas, dysplastic areas with MI-HCC and GI-HCC. Expression of the c-myc was significantly increased in the tumor area (P<0.001) than in the normal liver and dysplastic area. But there were no differences of c-myc expression between areas of MI-HCC and GI-HCC, and dysplastic areas among only dysplastic areas, dysplastic areas with MI-HCC and GI-HCC. Conclusions: Our study suggests that H-ras is related to the dysplastic change and c-myc is related to the neoplastic change in the hepatocarcinogenesis of the HBx transgenic mice.
백내장 환자의 시기능지표 : 사전 연구를 중심으로 Pilot study
강형곤,박은철,최윤정,김한중,홍영재,조우현,손명세,임승정 한국의료QA학회 1998 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.5 No.1
Background : There is increased recognition that rigorous approach to functional assessment will complement the assessment of clinical status. This study is to develop the appropriate visual function index in Korean patients with cataracts by the assessment of the reliability, validity of visual function indexes including VF-14. Methods : An prospective study was performed with 92 patients who had undergone either one eye or both eye cataract surgery by 3 ophthalmologists practicing at a university-hospital. Patients were interviewed, and clinical data were obtained. Doctors were questioned with self-entered questionnaire forms. Medical record was examined to understand surgery-process. The survey was conducted at 1-2 days before cataract surgery. Results : We used following measures : 7 visual function indexes, global measures of patients' trouble and satisfaction with vision, and best-corrected visual acuity (VA) in each eye. 7 visual function indexes showed a high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficients ≥0.86). The better visual acuity(operated eye. better eye), the higher patient satisfaction with vision, the lower symptom score, the lower patient trouble with vision was correlated with preoperative visual function index scores. Among 7 indexes, VF-12 with the exclusion of 2 items drivings from VF-14 is a high Cronbach's alpha coefficient and correlation coefficient and the highest R². Conclusion : We conclude that VF-12 is reliable and valid in Korea. So we suggest that in Korea, all items of VF-14, the visual function index, which is in use internationally, ought to be surveyed and VF-12 which has been excluded by 2 items of drivings from VF-14 ought to beused for analysis.
백내장 수술환자 진료결과들간의 관계 : 사전 연구를 중심으로 Pilot study
박은철,김한중,홍영재,조우현,손명세,임승정,강형곤,최윤정 한국의료QA학회 1998 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.5 No.1
Background : This study was done to assess the relationship among multiple patient outcomes of cataract surgery perioperatively, 3-4 months and 12 months after surgery. The patient outcomes include changes in visual acuity(operated eye, better eye), visual function(VF-14), patient satisfaction, subjective satisfaction with vision, and subjective overall health status. Methods : For the assessment of relationship, prospective study was performed with 92 patients who had undergone either one or both eye cataract surgery by 3 ophthalmologists practicing at a university hospital. Patients were interviewed, and clinical data were obtained. Doctors were questioned with self-entered questionnaire forms. Medical record was examined to understand surgery process. The survey was conducted at 4 stages : preoperatively, perioperatively, postoperative 3-4 months, and postoperative 12 months. Results : The correlations within patient outcomes at 4 stages - the visual acuity of operated eye and that of better eye, patient satisfaction and VF-14, subjective overall health status and relative health status as against others - were found to be positively correlated. The change in the visual acuity of operated eye and better eye was correlated with VF-14 as well as with patient satisfaction. The change was also correlated with overall health status. However, the correlations between variables were decreased as the postoperative period got longer. Conclusion : As for the postoperative clinical patient outcomes, VF-14 is acted to linker between visual acuity - clinical outcomes and overall health status - endpoint outcomes. Therefore, VF-14 is the index of patient-sided and disease-specific outcome for cataract surgery.