제주도 지하수 질산염 농도의 시·공간적 변화 특성: 장기(1993-2015) 모니터링 자료의 평가

김호림(Ho-Rim Kim),오준섭(Junseop Oh),도현권(Hyun-Kwon Do),이경진(Kyung-Jin Lee),현익현(Ik-Hyun Hyun),오상실(Sang-Sil Oh),감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1

1993년부터 2015년까지 관측된 제주도 지하수 장기모니터링 관측정(N = 4,835)에서 수집된 지하수 수질자료(N = 21,568)를 기반으로 질산성질소의 시공간적 변동 특성을 평가하였다. 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 농도의 중앙값은 2.5 mg/L로서 다른 국가나 대륙의 조사 결과에 비해 다소 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 용도, 행정구역 및 고도 별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 산간 지역에 비해 저지대 해안가에 위치한 농업 및 주거지역에서 농도가 높음을 확인하였다. Mann-Kendall 및 Sen’s slope 분석을 활용한 질산성질소 농도의 추세 분석 결과, 하류 저지 대에 비해 중산간지역에서의 질산성질소 농도 증가 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 제주도 내 토지 피복의 시계열 변화 특성과 결부 지어 보면, 중산간지역의 오염 증가 추세는 농업지역의 확장 등 인위적 활동 증가에 기인한 결과로 판단된다. 반면,기지정된 지하수자원특별관리구역에서는 전반적으로 질산성질소 농도의 감소 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 지하수 관리 측면에서 수질관리를 위한 적극적인 정책이 유효함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 오염관리를 위한 적정 방안을 제안한다. The spatio-temporal variations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Jeju Island were evaluated by an analysis of time series groundwater quality data (N = 21,568) that were collected from regional groundwater monitoring (number of wells = 4,835) for up to 20 years between 1993 and 2015. The median concentration of NO 3 -N is 2.5 mg/L, which is slightly higher than those reported from regional surveys in other countries. Nitrate concentrations of groundwater in wells tend to significantly vary according to different water usage (of the well), administrative districts, and topographic elevations: nitrate level is higher in low-lying agricultural and residential areas than those in high mountainous areas. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope analysis show that nitrate concentration in mid-mountainous areas tends to increase, possibly due to the expansion of agricultural areas toward highland. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in the Specially Designated Groundwater Quality Protection Zones show the temporally decreasing trend, which implies the efficiency of groundwater management actions in Jeju. Proper measures for sustainable groundwater quality management are suggested in this study.

β-d-glucopyranose에 대한 순이론적 연구: 4C1chairform

양지현, 안익성, 민병진 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2013 自然科學論文集 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, we have investigated potential energies of β-D glucopyranose in vacuum using QM and MM methods. In QM calculation, the local minimum geometries have been optimized in the level of B3LYP/6-311++G**. And we use AMBER package program and GLYCAM_06 force field for MM optimization. As a consequence, we confirm that GLYCAM_06 force field matched QM calculation roughly.

Zn_0.4Cd_0.6Te 단결정의 적외선 발광소자에 관한 기초연구

강현식,장정근,이해익 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學 Vol.14 No.2

Zn_0.4Cd_0.6Te : Li의 p형 단결정을 Bridgman법으로 성장시키고, 이결정들의 전기적 및 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. 또 이 결정에 Al을 확산시켜 Zn_0.4Cd_0.6Te : Li-Al의 p-n 동성집합 LED을 제작하였고, 이 LED의 특성, 즉 I-V, EL spectrum 및 발광강도의 전류의존성 등을 조사하여 발광천이 관계를 추정하였다. 또 모체결정의 열처리에 따른 발광특성의 변화도 아울러 조사하였고 끝으로 이들의 에너지밴드 모형과 발광천이 관계를 추정하였다. The pure and Li doped Zn_0.4Cd_0.6Te single srystals were grown by Bridgman method respectively, and the their electro-optical properties were investigated by transmission, photoluminescence and Hall effect mesurements. Through carring out the Al vapor-diffusion into the Li doped Zn_0.4Cd_0.6Te crystals in thermal process, the p-n homojunction LEDs, Zn_0.4Cd_0.6Te:Li-Al, were fabricated. The characteristics of LEDs were investigated by measuring the current-voltage, the electroluminescence spectra and emitting light intensity. And also, the characteristics of LEDs prepared with various thermal anealing were compared with each other. Finally, the energy band model were estimated, and the light emitting mechanism was presumed.

인간복제에 관한 윤리적 고찰

김익현 건국대학교 인문과학연구소 2003 인문과학논총 Vol.39 No.-

The intention of this study is to stimulate ethical discussion on the cloning of human beings between moral philosophers and bio-technologists. This study deals with ethical arguments for and against the cloning of human individuals and the cloning of human embryo. Most of scienists support the cloning of human embryo, because of utility of stem cell which is extracted from human embryo. This process inevitably involves destruction of the human embryo. This has raised ethical concern about moral standing of the human embryo. What is method to avoid such an ethical problem? It is method which extracts stem cell from adult somatic cell.

한국의 정신분열병 외래 환자의 직ㆍ간접비용

박종익,송선희,서동우,장현종,이종국,장안기,김윤,이철,홍진표 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.3

연구목적 : 정신분열병 외래 환자의 직접 비용과 간접 비용을 추산해 보고, 의료 자원의 적절한 운용과 효과적인 배분을 위한 보건 정책의 기초자료로 사용하고자 한다. 방 법 : 정신분열병 진단을 받은 289명의 환자를 대상으로 6개월간 외래를 방문하면서 사용한 의료비와 시간을 조사하여 직접 비용을 추산하였고, 이 기간 동안 소실된 생산성을 간접 비용으로 환산하였다. 만성질환인 관상동맥 질환을 앓고 있는 환자 82명을 대조군으로 하여 비용을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 정신분열병 환자의 실업률은 72.1%였으며, 직장을 가지고 있는 경우에도 단순노무직의 비율이 64.5%로 매우 높았다. 정신분열병의 직접 비용은 평균 81.5만원으로 관상동맥 질환의 평균 71.5 만원보다 상대적으로 많이 추산되었으나 유의하지는 않았다. 간접 비용은 평균 645.6만원, 258.9 만원으로 정신분열병군이 2.5배 정도 높았다. 결 론 : 정신분열병은 다른 만성질환에 비하여 상대적으로 매우 고비용이 요구되는 질환이며, 보다 체계적인 비용의 추산을 통하여 양질의 정신 보건 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 토대가 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : We have aimed to estimate the direct and indirect costs of treating out-patients with schizophrenia in Korea, to use this fundamental data for the effective management and proper distribution of the medical resource. Method : To estimate the direct cost, we surveyed the medical cost and time of two hundred and eighty-nine out-patients with schizophrenia for six months. And the lost productivity as many months was converted into the indirect cost. Those of eighty-two coronary heart disease patients were also estimated as a comparison group. Results : An unemployement rate of schizophrenic patients was 72.1 percent. Moreover the ratio of the laborer in the sample was, even if employed, 64.5 percent. The mean direct cost of schizophrenic patients was, about 815,000 won, higher than that of coronary heart disease, 715,000 won however it was not statistically significant. The former was also estimated 2.5 times more than the latter for the indirect cost, or 6,456,000 won versus 2,589,000 won. Conclusion : Schizophrenia is a relatively costly illness compared to other chronic illness, so the systematic estimation of the cost is necessary to provide mental health service of high quality.

Spinoza : 靈魂不滅에 관한 小考

金益鉉 건국대학교 1998 학술논문집 : 건국대 대학원 Vol.46 No.1

This study deals with Spinoza's Human Immortality. My purpose in this study is to examine whether Spinoza's account of the body-mind relation is compatible with the immortality for the soul, and in what sense the notion of Human Immortality is acceptable. By Spinoza's philosophy, the human mind is the idea of the body, If the body is destroyed, the mind is likewise. Nevertheless, through the intuitive knowledge, the intellectual love of God, the human mind becomes identified with at least some part of the divine intellect and so is eternal and immortal. What is the meaning of Spinoza's immorality or eternity? There are two senses of eternity as it occurs in the history of philosophy. The first, the Pllatonic sense, excludes time, while the second, the Aristotelian sense, simply means endless time. The general reading of Spinoza has been along Platonic lines. Eternity is not a very long duration nor even an indeterminable quantity of time. It is not in time at all. Therefore, for Sinoza, immortality is not an indefinitely extended after-life in which the mind persists through tome after the death of the body. Futhermore we can experience the mind's eternity. To experience that we are eternal, it is enough to enter into the third kind of knowledge, that is, to form the idea of ourselves as it is in God. This idea is just the idea that expresses the body's essence. To the extent that we form it, we experience that we are eternal.

범용 CAD/CAM 소프트웨어의 비트맵 아이콘 모듈 개발

양현익 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1996 工學技術論文集 Vol.5 No.1

Graphical User Interface has been a key role for a user to select among the commercial softwares. Coventional Graphical User Interfaces of the general purpose CAD/CAM softwares provide pop-up and/or roll-down menu systems and require series of the mouse clicking actions, which is very tedious job for a entry level mechanical designer. Using Bitmap Icon architecture in Graphical User Interface can be a possible solution to avoid the aforementioned. It provides clear, soft and multi-colored icon image, and each icon can be furnished with the unique command. This paper describes the general development concept of the Bitmap Icon menu and its architecture, and implementation. To develope the Bitmap Icon menu system, several techniques are adapted, such as the precise control of the high resolution computer graphics, data interface techniques between UNIX system and PC, and color mapping. It has been sucessfully ported to the up-coming commercial CAD/CAM software named Eng3.

Cd_xZn_(1-x)Te 단결정을 이용한 초고속 THz 전자파의 emitter 특성연구 (Ⅲ)

강현식,정길환,김태규,이해익 전북대학교 과학교육연구소 2002 과학과 과학교육 논문지 Vol.27 No.-

Cd_xZn_1-xTe single crystal system is most ideal crystal for ultrawere investigated for ultrafast T-ray emitters, with composition ratio x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25. We have found that Cd_0.05Zn_0.95Te crystals are best emitters for T-ray generation, also for above all composition ratio x=0.05 crystals, T-ray emitting ability depended on resitivity were investigated. The results is that the crystals greater than 100Ω-㎝ are good emitters. We study on the Azumuthal angle dependence of the (110) plane and could be explane the 3fold symmetric variation of signals. Finally we could show the linearity is above the 10^5.

유한요소해석을 이용한 조향장치 토크센서의 설계에 관한 연구

양현익,김용기 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The oil-pressure type torque sensor has been adopted in steering system of major automobiles. However, it has been well known that this type of torque sensor needed many subcomponents and produced inaccurate responses. This paper intends to suggest new type of torque sensor based on the shape design by using finite element. A dedicated mesh generation, analysis and post result display program has been developed. As for the shape design purpose, the half shape of torque sensor is considered. The result of this study has shown that the design automation for precise torque sensor for control of· high velocity rotation shaft can be achieved without any expensive investment to the design software.

한국프로야구 관중 유인을 위한 야구장 시설의 개선 방안

전익기,유동현 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

This research sought to present measures for improving a ballpark facilities to increase the number of spectators of Korean professional baseball matches. To this end, the research surveyed the status and trends of spectators of Korean professional baseball matches, and compared Korean situations with those of the United States and Japan where professional baseball matches are activated. Since its launching in 1982, Korea's professional baseball have been seeing its spectators steadily rising until the figure reached a record high of 5.4 million in 1995, before it plummeted. Korea's professional baseball tournaments reap most of their revenues from admission fees, unlike the United States and Japan. To bolster revenues from admission fees, ballpark facilities need to be expanded and improved. Thus, in consideration of the fact that a rise in spectators leads to an increase in revenues, the research sought to analyze causes of increasing spectators, address current problems surrounding Korea's professional baseball, and thus activate professional baseball matches.