공회전 차량의 CO와 NOx의 배출 특성

정철현,이상권,정장표 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides from domestic passenger cars were investigated using a portable gas analyzer(model: Kane May Quintox). The average concentrations of CO emitted from the vehicles selected randomly and classified by a model, ranged from 2,000 ppm to 3,000 ppm, while the concentrations of NOx ranged from 40 to 50 ppm. In addition, the very poor relationship among CO and NOx emissions, vehicle ages, and driving distance was observed. The results suggest that a strict emission regulation of vehicle exhaust gases, in manufacturing a new car, may be much more important for the CO and NOx emissions rather than an optimum maintenance of old cars.

補强土工法에 使用되는 補强材의 開發에 관한 硏究

任哲雄,金斗焌,白榮植,韓相賢 慶熙大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

A new reinforcement system, the Geolog, is developed which can be used as the reinforcements in the reinforced earth method. The Geolog consists of the epoxy coated steel bar with the reinforced concrete logs. The main advantages of the Geolog are as follows: (1) It can expect the passive earth resistance in addition to the friction, which is the only source of the conventional reinforcements. (2) The length and diameter of the Geolog can be easily adjusted in accordance with the field conditions. (3) It can be easily manufactured in this country without the sophisticated materials and as the consequence it is economical in comparison with other imported reinforcements.

대학생의 웰니스 인식에 관한 조사연구

조현철,김백윤 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of study were to measurement awareness levels of collegians' wellness by the Korean Wellness lifestyle scale (Kim, Sang-Kook, 2000) and to renew awareness about one lifestyle, and to provide change behavior for good health. The subjects of these study were 422 collegian (male 237, female 185) who took classes related to heath and physical education as for cultural subjects in chonbuk. 1. The result of awareness levels of under dimensions of wellness according to the sexual, The physical dimensions was not significant difference in fitness, nutrition, drug control factors, and it shows male higher than female in smoking and drinking control factors (t=6.277, p<.001). The social, spiritual, intellectual dimensions was not significant difference. The emotional dimensions was not significant difference in cope with circumstances, tolerance factors, and it shows female higher than male in stress factors (t=3.270, p<.01). 2. The result of awareness levels of under dimensions of wellness according to the major, The physical dimensions was not significant difference in nutrition, smoking and drinking, drug control factors, and it shows higher in order of art and physical fitness, natural science, cultural science in fitness control factors (F=39.922, p<.001). The social dimensions was not significant difference in respect to others, personal relationship factors, and it shows higher in order of art and physical fitness, natural science, cultural science in voluntary service factors (F=6.378, p<.01). The spiritual dimensions was not significant difference in conviction and worth, fruitful and affection factors, and it shows higher in order of art and physical fitness, natural science, cultural science in self-accomplish factors (F=3.160, p<.05). The intellectual dimensions was not significant difference in medical knowledge, self-development factors, and it shows higher in order of natural science, art and physical fitness, cultural science in value of education factors (F=5.169, p<.05). The emotional dimensions was not significant difference in cope with circumstances, tolerance factors, and it shows higher in order of art and physical fitness, natural science, cultural science in stress factors (t=4.291, p<.05).

분얼형 옥수수의 식물학적 특성과 RAPD 분석에 의한 근연관계

金哲民,李喜鳳,崔現求,鄭載永,金基薰 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2001 농업과학연구 Vol.28 No.1

분얼형 옥수수 자석계통의 식물학적 특징, 유전적 거리를 조사하여 새로운 교잡종 육성을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 실험 한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 개화기에 있어서 조사된 20계통 중 K15가 가장 빨랐고 K07이 가장 늦은 개화소요일수를 보였다. 2. 간장과 착수고는 비슷한 경향으로 보며 K04가 가장 컸고, K15가 가장 작은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 상관 분석 결과 분열수는 개화기 및 출사기와 고도의 정의 상관을 보였으며, 100립중은 개화기, 이삭높이와 고도의 부의 상관을 가지고 있다. 4. RAPD 분석결과 17개의 BAND가 나타났고 이중 1개만이 monomolpic band를 보였으며, primer 당 평균 4개의 loci를 보였다. 5. 유전적 거리와 식물학적 특성간에는 개화기, 분얼수, 엽장과 100립중에서 관련이 있었다. This study was carried out to obtain a basic information for the development of a new corn hybrid with tillers. Materials used in this study were 20 lines having three to four tillers per plant including the PI213749 U S line with non-tillers. These 20 lines were compared for the botanical characteristics and genetic distances were measured using RAPD analysis. Flowering date of the K15 was very earlier. while the K07 was very late in flowering date. Stem height and ear height were similar except for KO4 and the K15. K06, K13 and K19 lines were appeared to be resistant to lodging due to decreased ear height. Number of tillers per plant of lines used were shown three to five on average. KO9 showed the highest kernel yield, while the K08 was low. Among characteristics measured tiller per plant and flowering dates, and silking dates showed a positive correlation, while 100 kernels weight, flowering date and ear height were shown a negative with tillers per plant. A total of 17 bands by RAPD analysis using four per primer were appeared and these lines were classified into three groups, especially the third group could be classified into of four sub-groups.

4WD 및 4WS이 가능한 로더 개발(Ⅱ) : 4륜 조향장치 및 로더 구성 4WS System and Construction Loader

조현덕,윤문철,김유종 한국공작기계학회 1999 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.8 No.1

In this study, the loader was completed that has the 4-wheel gear driven drivetrain of study (Ⅰ), the 4-wheel steering with power wheel type, all-wheel traction system, and joy-stick type lever for hydraulic control value. From driving test of the developed 4WD and 4WS type loader, we obtained that the minimum circling radius and the necessary width in circling motion reduced about 40% and 33% compared with 2WS type loader. Also, all-wheel traction system could keep the tires glued to the ground with greater stability, the ower steering allowed a smoother operation, and the joy-stick type lever offered easily to control. Thus, the developed loader having these functions was very fit in a small cattle shed or a rugged ground.

FSP in Written English : O'Henry 의 작품을 통한분석 with special reference to O'Henry's 'After Twenty Years'

이현철 동아대학교 문과대학 영어영문학과 1987 동아영어영문학 Vol.3 No.-

This study is to examine the relevance of FSP to English, written English in particular. For this purpose, I selected a story of 0'Henry, the famous American Writer Every sentence in the text is checked through devices of which a number are related to the theory of FSP. They are roughly initial group of sentence, theme and rheme, old, and new information, CD degree and marked and unmarked word order, etc. These devices enable us to check whether or not FSP is a relevant theory for written English.The data in this paper show that more than 70% of sentences in the text are relevant to FSP. The initial group of 46 out of 70% sentences are more or less related to the previous sentence. They are, thus, old in terms of information. The initial position of 24 sentences is occupied by new information but the degree of CD is low.

아저해농도(亞沮害濃度)의 항균물질이 mutans streptococci의 세포표면성질과 독력인자에 미치는 영향

김영재,한세현,이상훈,장기택,김종철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

아저해농도(亞沮害濃度)란 세포의 성장을 저해하는 최소 저해 농도(minimum inhibitory concentration; MIC)이하의 농도를 말하는데, 적용된 화학물질의 동력학에 따라 항균물질은 반드시 이러한 농도로 존재하는 시기를 거치게 되며, 아저해농도의 항균물질은 세포의 성장을 저해하지는 않지만 세균의 대사와 성장에 스트레스로 작용하게 되어 세포의 성질과 독력인자 발현에 영향을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 여러 항균물질의 최소저해농도를 결정하고 아저해농도의 항균물질이 존재 시 세포 성질과 독력 인자에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 치아우식증의 예방에 대한 화학적 접근법의 효용성을 조사하기 위해 계획되었다. 연구대상 세균으로는 mutans그룹 streptococci 중 두 가지 대표적인 세균종인 S. mutans (S. mutans Ingbritt)와 S. sobrinus (S. sobrinus 6715-7) 를 사용하였고 화학물질 8종 (Sanguinaria extract; SG, Chlorhexidine digluconate; CHX, Fluoride; F, Propolis; PP, Hydrogen peroxide; HP, Triclosan; TC, Sodium dodecyl sulfate; SDS, Cetylpyridinium chloride; CC) 을 단계 희석하여 배지에 첨가하여 최소저해농도를 구하였으며 아저해농도의 항균물질을 배지에 첨가하여 5% CO₂존재 하에 37℃에서 배양하여 이러한 항균물질을 첨가하지 않은 배지에서 배양한 세균과 성장속도, 산생성능, 체표소수성, 수산화인회석에의 부착능, glucan생성능, 세균응집능 등을 비교 관찰하였다. 아저해농도의 항균물질은 세포의 성장과 체표소수성, 타액 처리한 수산화인회석에 대한 세균의 부착과 glucan합성에 영향을 주는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한 12시간 배양 후 S. mutans와 S. sobrinus 모두에서 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 최종 pH가 높게 나타나 산생성능이 억제되는 것이 관찰되었다 (p<0.05). 세균을 proteinase K로 전처리한 경우 처리하지 않았을 때 보다 세균응집역가가 증가하거나 응집이 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면 각각의 항균물질은 아저해농도에서도 알려진 작용기전과 유사하게 세균의 성질에 영향을 주었고 이러한 농도에서도 지속적으로 세균을 억제할 수 있었다. 따라서 이러한 항균물질의 사용은 치아우식증의 효과적 예방법의 하나가 될 수 있다. Subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) refer to concentrations below minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The antimicrobial agents may be present at relatively high concentration, at least higher than bacterial MIC and thereafter be desorbed off a surface and function at sub-MICs, perhaps by interfering with bacterial metabolism. Consequently, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of growth, in the presence of sub-MICs of antimicrobial agents, on the cell surface properties and virulence factors of mutans streptococci and to investigate the efficacy of a chemical approach in vitro. Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt and Streptococcus sobrinus 6715-7 were used. Eight antimicrobial agents (Sanguinaria extract;SG, Chlorhexidine digluconate;CHX, Fluoride; F, Propolis;PP, Hydrogen peroxide;HP, Triclosan;TC, Sodium dodecyl sulfate;SDS, Cetylpyridinium chloride; CC) were diluted serially in broth to determine MICs and to compare the growth rate, acid production, hydrophobicity, adhesion activity to saliva coated hydroxyapatite, glucan synthesis and cellular aggregation of experiment groups (in the presence of sub-MICs) with those of control (in the absence of antimicrobial agents). Sub-MICs of antimicrobial agents affected the growth of cells, hydrophobicity, and adhesion of bacteria to saliva coated hydroxyapatite and glucan synthesis. They also resulted in a significant reduction in pH after 12 hours (p<0.05). By cells pretreated with proteinase K. either the aggregation induced by antimicrobial agents was completely inhibited or the aggregation titers were markedly increased. According to the results of the present study, each antimicrobial agent at sub-MICs could affect similar as its known action mechanism and could continually inhibit cariogenic bacteria a t such concentrations. Thus, the use of these antimicrobial agents would be one of the effective methods to prevent dental caries.

상업스포츠 참가자의 사회경제적 배경과 사회관계 만족 및 관계지속의사의 관계

김경식,장현철,윤상영,천정필 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

This study was to analysis a relationship between socio-economic characteristics, social relation satisfaction, and the adherence of social relation at the commercial sports centers. To attain the goal of the study described above paragraphs, some members of commercial sports center held in Seoul were set as a collected group. Then, using the cluster random sampling method, finally drew out and analyzed 713 people in total The material collection device was the brochure named <the survey on socio-economic characteristics, social relation satisfaction, and the adherence of social relation at the commercial sports centers>. The result of reliability check up was here below; social interaction, Chronbach' α=.840~.915, the satisfaction according to social relation, α=.787, the adherence of social relation α=.847. To analyze materials, factor analysis, reliability analysis, oneway-ANOVA, multiple-regression were used as statistic analysis techniques. The conclusion based on above study method and the result of material analysis are here below. First, it is found that there is a significant difference in satisfaction according to social relation. Second, it is found that there is a significant difference in the adherence of social relation. Third, the satisfaction according to social relation influences on the adherence of social relation.

오프라인 프로그래밍을 이용한 스카라 로봇의 비쥬얼 피드백 제어

신행봉,이우송,이현철,한성현 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

The equipment of industrial robot in manufacturing and assembly lines has rapidly increased. In order to achieve high productivity and flexibility, it becomes very important to develop the visual feedback control system with Off-Line Programming System(OLPS). We can save much efforts and time in adjusting robots to newly defined workcells by using OLPS. A proposed visual calibration scheme is based on position-based visual feedback. The calibration program firstly generates predicted images of objects in an assumed end-effector position. The process to generate predicted images consists of projection to screen-coordinates, visible range test, and construction of simple silhouette figures. Then, camera images acquired are compared with predicted ones for updating position and orientation data. Computation of error is very simple because the scheme is based on perspective projection, which can be also expanded to experimental results. Computation time can be extremely reduced because the proposed method does not require the precise calculation of tree-dimensional object data and image Jacobian.

지능형 내시경용 초소형 형상기억합금 엑츄에이터의 제작 및 특성에 관한 연구

김민성,박두환,박현철,이준탁 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2001 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.9 No.1

A SMA actuator fabricated in this paper generates the large force and it's structure is very simple. The SMA actuator was fabricated by small size with diameter of 9mm and length of 27mm and also it's actuations toward all the directions can be acquired because of three springs which was fabricated with diameter of 2.4mm and 28 turns. We showed into applicability to smart catheter by analysing accurately the dynamic characteristics such as heading angle, force, displacement.