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Acute exercise regulates adipogenic gene expression in white adipose tissue
( Hyuek Jong Lee ) 한국체육학회 2016 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Purpose: White adipose tissue expansion is associated with both hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes. Exercise training results in adipocyte hypotrophy by activating lipolysis, however, it is poorly understood whether exercise regulates adipogenesis by altering adipogenic gene expression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of single bout of swimming exercise on adipogenic gene expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). Method: Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups: a sedentary control group and 120-minute swimming exercise group. Immediately after acute exercise, adipogenic gene expression in WAT was analyzed by RT-PCR and tdTomato positive cells in WAT from UCP1-cre-tdTomato mice were observed under confocal microscope. Result: In epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Υ2 (PPARg2) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein a (C/EBPa) expression at the mRNA level was significantly decreased with a high induction of wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 10b (Wnt10b) and kruppel-like factors (KLFs; KLF2, KLF3, KLF7, KLF6, KLF9 and KLF15), whereas PPARg2, not C/EBPa, was decreased with a high induction of Wnt6 and KLFs (KLF2, KLF3, KLF7, KLF6 and KLF9) in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) after acute exercise. The expression of C/EBPb and C/EBPd was upregulated in both of WATs with a high level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-Υ coactivator-1α (PGC-1a) expression. Expression level of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) was increased only in adipocytes of eWAT, while beige cell specific gene expression was comparable between groups and tdTomato positive cells were not found in WAT of UCP1-cre-tdTomato reporter mouse immediately after acute exercise. Conclusion: These results suggest that acute exercise suppresses adipogenic gene expression and may regulate thermogenesis by activating C/EBPβ, PGC-1α and UCP1 in WAT.
Exercise training regulates angiogenic gene expression in white adipose tissue
Hyuek Jong Lee 한국운동재활학회 2018 JER Vol.14 No.1
White adipose tissue (WAT) expansion is associated with angiogenesis. Although, activation of lipolysis by exercise induces adipocyte hypotro-phy and reduction of fat mass, it is poorly understood whether exercise regulates angiogenesis by altering angiogenic gene expression in WAT. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks voluntary wheel running exercise on angiogenic gene expres-sion in adipose tissues. Male C57BL/6J mice performed voluntary wheel running for 6 weeks. At 24 hr after the last exercise training, tibialis an-terior (TA), soleus (Sol), epididymal WAT (eWAT), inguinal WAT (iWAT), and brown adipose tissue (BAT) were isolated and then the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), angiopoietin1 (Ang1), Ang2, platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) and their correspond-ing receptors were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. In skeletal muscles, VEGFA expression was upregulated in TA and Sol and PDDGF-B expression was increased in Sol after exercise training. In eWAT, the expressions of VEGFA and Flk-1 were dramatical-ly downregulated, whereas Ang2 and PDGFRβ was upregulated after exercise training. In iWAT, VEGF expression was increased with the downregulation of Ang1. However, there was no alteration of any of these genes in BAT. These results suggest that angiogenic gene ex-pression is altered by exercise training and voluntary wheel running regulates VEGFA, Ang1, and Ang2 expressions in a fat depot specific manner.
The Effect of Endurance Exercise and Insulin on Akt Phosphorylation in Mices` Hearts and Lungs
( Hyuek Jong Lee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2004 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.16 No.1
Endurance exercise and insulin play key roles in glucose metabolism. Insulin is a stimulator of Akt that is intracellular serine/threonine kinase through activation of the insulin receptor (IR). Akt is known to play an critical role in promoting cell survival, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and enhancing glucose uptake and transport. Even though exercise increases glucose transport and glycogen synthesis as insulin does, the relationship of exercise and Akt is not elucidated yet. To determine whether exercise or/and insulin activate Akt in mice`s hearts and lungs, C57BL/6J male mice were divided into four groups (C; control group, E; endurance exercise group, I; insulin treatment group, and E+I; endurance exercise and insulin treatment group). Although, Akts in the heart and lung were not phosphorylated in E (17 m/min, 10%), Akt in the heart and lung was phosphorylated significantly in E+I and I (2.5 unit). Especially, lung Akt phosphorylation in E+I was increased significantly compared with that of I (4.9±0.2 vs 4.0±0.1, p<.05). Furthermore, the lung IR phosphorylation in E+I was increased significantly more than that of I (5.9±0.4 vs 4.5±0.3, p<.05). The increase of lung Akt phosphorylation in E+I was thought to be followed by IR phosphorylation. In conclusion, one hour endurance exercise enhances IR phosphorylation induced by insulin in mice`s lungs. This increased IR phosphorylation by endurance exercise may enhance insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation.