My A^ntonia : 시련과 재생의 Pattern

玄光植 한국강원영어영문학회 1993 영어영문학 Vol.- No.12

The objective of this paper is to present the mythic patterns on which Willa Cather's My Antonia is based, and to look at some of the ordeals and frustrations experienced by Antonia, the heroine, and finally to examine her rebirth, her attaining of self-realization. Cather makes use of mythic patterns in her novels, that is, she selects mythic archetypes whose experiences parallel the experiences of the central characters. This technique enables her to create strong, clear themes with obvious parallels in ancient mythologies. In this respect, the mythic patterns of this book reflect both the story of Persephone in the Greek myth and the story of Ruth in the book of Ruth in the Old Testament. After arriving in the Nebraska plains from her native country, Bohemia, Antonia experiences tremendous hardships and sufferings as a farmer, and as an unmarried mother of a child born out of wedlock after her lover deserted her. Eventually, she realizes that she is meant to farm on the Nebraska plains-an important act of self-discovery. Struggling hard to tame the wild land, she and her husband, Cuzak, acquire, in the end, a great deal of wealth and land as well as a dozen healthy children. Unlike the naturalistic writers, Cather shows that the inherent will of an individual is capable of overcoming a miserable environment, and that human beings will, through their determination and efforts, realize their long-cherished dreams. Cather's firm belief in man's essential dignity and his ability to fully improve his lot, seems to derive in great part from Christian beliefs she had maintained throughout her long life.

Joseph Conrad의 Almayer's Folly : 알메어의 꿈과 좌절 the Character of Almayer's Dreams and their Collapse

玄光植 한국강원영어영문학회 1994 영어영문학 Vol.- No.13

The purpose of this paper is to study the character of the hero's dreams, and to look at the process of their collapse represented in Conrad's Almayer's Folly, his first novel, published in 1895. The setting is Sambir, a Malay village in the tropics, where the indigenous Malays, Arabs, and Dyaks are feuding secretly with each other, and the tension between the Dutch authorities and the Malays is running high. Almayer, the hero, the only Dutch merchant, having lived in Sambir for 25 years, has cherished fantastic, megalomaniac dreams for a long time. His dreams are to discover immense gold in the jungle mines with the cooperation of Dain, a Balinese prince, to escape from Borneo with his daughter, Nina, and finally to live like a lord in luxury in Amsterdam in his latter days. However, an Arab merchant reports to the Dutch army Dain's illegal smuggling of gunpowder, forcing him to flee into the jungle, thus shattering Almayer's dream of discovering gold. His daughter, having fallen in love with Dain, elopes with him and refuses to return home despite her father's sincere hope that she give up her love with 'savage' Dain. She points out that so far her father's dreams have been centered on his own egoistic purposes, and mutual understanding has been lacking between them, and that no two human beings can understand each other completely- even a father and daughter. This seems to reflect Conrad's own hard experience. After leaving Poland. he had led a rather lonely life, married with an English lady in Britain, a somewhat unfamiliar country to him. All his cherished dreams shattered, Almayer lives the rest of his life in solitude, addicted to opium, endeavoring to completely drive his daughter's betrayal from his mind. With his own unique style, and techniques involving flashbacks and monologues, Conrad realistically portrays the hero's fanciful dreams, the process of their collapse, and the stem realities of life in tropical Sambir, while severely criticizing the hero's materialistic, egocentric, and unrealistic attitude of mind.

Bernard Malamud의 Dubin's Lives : 二重生活의 葛藤과 成熟 the Complications Caused by Dual Lives and the Moral Growth

玄光植 한국강원영어영문학회 1995 영어영문학 Vol.- No.14

The object of this paper is to present the main causes that lead to the hero's love affair outside of his marriage, and to examine the complications caused by his dual lives-one with his wife, the other with his ladylove, and his moral growth attained through them. Dubin, the hero, the biographer, nearing 60 years of age, becomes weary of his long married life. His children are becoming more distant. and there are serious differences of temperament between him and his wife Kitty. In addition to this her neurotic attachment to the memory of her late husband sometimes offends his susceptibilities. The main reason for his affair, however. is his strong desire to experience sensuous pleasures before it is too late. A casual acquaintance with a young college dropout, a plump beauty named Fanny, gradually leads to his infidelity and love affair. He takes her to Venice, where she, perhaps sensing he is using her only as a sexual object, outwits him. She avoids sex with Dubin though he soon discovers her making love with a young gondolier. Returning home he suffers greatly from the sense of being betrayed by Fanny as well as that of guilt stemming out of lying to his wife. However, when he meets Fanny again the next summer he promptly drives onto the highway in the wrong direction. In a field they make love for the first time and the affair continues on and off for more than two years. Nevertheless he often feels guilty about his neglect to act faithfully as her guidence counselor in addition to his guilt concerning his wife. At the end Fanny resolutely leaves him, saying she is entitled to an open ordinary and satisfying life of her own. Afterward she returns to the neighboring farm, which she had recently purchased, and capriciously resumes her affair with Dubin. In an effort to give her a new, useful life as she wished, he tries to arrange a legal career for her. She will be an apprentice to his wife's lawyer-friend. and in four years she will be able to take the bar exam. In his selfless devotion to help her become a lawyer, his moral growth as her counselor is clearly manifested for the first time. While he is preoccupied with Fanny, Kitty has been having an affair with her psychotherapist for the last few months. Discovering her affair. he outlines the steps for divorce, but before he confronts her she confesses the affair. Realizing his own neglect as a husband, he forgives her and stops the divorce proceedings. His broad-minded act, hard to attain for ordinary husbands, evidences his spirit of tolerance and moral growth. His ability to attain moral growth and acquire such virtues as introspection and mercy, seems to derive in great part from Judaism, though he is not an orthodox Jew. With a simple and realistic style Malamud vividly portrays the complications of the biographer's dual lives and the moral growth achieved through the process of his two and half years in the background of a small town in the 1960s.

투자촉진을 위한 조세지원

권광현,김상호 昌原大學校 社會科學硏究所 1998 사회과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

다원적 기법에 의한 중소기업의 자금조달 실태

권광현,정정현,현영하 昌原大學校 産業經濟硏究所 1996 産經硏究 Vol.13 No.-

서울대학교병원 소아치과에서 시행한 전신마취에 대한 연구

김광현,김종철,한세현 대한소아치과학회 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

1997년부터 1999년까지 서울대학교병원 소아치과에서 시행한 37건의 전신마취를 작성된 의무기록을 바탕으로 전신마취의 선택이유, 치료전 전신상태, 연령분포, 치료내용, 합병증과 정기적인 내원여부 등에 대해 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1.전신마취의 선택이유중 대부분(97%)은 장애인이며, 치료전 전신상태는 ASA Class I 또는 Class II 였다. 2.11~15세 환자들(41%)이 가장 많았다. 3.전신마취 하에서 평균 8.1개의 수복치료와 3.3개의 발치를 시행하였다. 4.시술후 합병증은 32%에서 발생하였으나, 대부분 경미하였다. 5.6개월 이상 정기적인 내원을 한 경우는 12명(32%)이었다. We tried to find out the information which can be drawn from the survey of general anesthesia in pediatric clinic at Seoul National University dental hospital from 1997 to 1999. The subjects were 37 patients. Collected data were primary reasons for general anesthesia, preoperative physical status, age distribution, performed dental treatment, complications, follow-up, and etc. Following were the results : (1)Most(97%) of patients treated under general anesthesia were handicapped and preoperative physical status was ASA Class I or Class II. (2)Majority(41%) of patients were between 11 and 15. (3)Average of 8. 1teeth were restored and 3.3teeth were extracted. (4)In 32% of patients, there were mild complications. (5)12(32%) of the patients responded to the six-month recall check

자동망상적혈구측정기 R-3000의 평가

박광수,김현숙,권오헌 대한임상병리학회 1992 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.12 No.2

情報시스템의 成長段階模型에 관한 比評的 考察

權光鉉 昌原大學校 産業經濟硏究所 1990 産經硏究 Vol.7 No.-

우리나라 어린이와 청소년의 구강건강을 위한 공공서비스의 현황과 전망

이광희,김지영,송지현,김윤희,임경욱,정승열 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

소아치과학이 목표로 하는 어린이와 청소년의 구강건강을 달성하기 위하여는 민간 치과의료기관에서 내원 환자를 대상으로 하는 진료만으로는 한계가 있으며 공공서비스(公共service)의 역할이 필요하다. 학교구강보건설이 설치된 초등학교는 전체의 7.2%이었고,초등학교 중에서 불소용액양치사업을 수행한 비율은 57.5%, 급식 후 집단잇솔질을 한 비율은 46.9%이었으며,초등학생 중에서 구강보건교육을 받은 비율은 48.0%, 치아홈메우기를 받은 비율은 12.4%이었다(2006년). 0∼6세 영유아의 약 42%가 지난 1년간 구강검진,불소도포,치면세마,치아홈메우기 중 하나 이상의 예방적 치과진료를 받았으며,받은 장소는 교육시설이 약 18%, 보건소가 약 1%이었다(2005년). 불소농도가 조정된 수돗물을 마시는 인구 비율은 전국 평균이 5.7%이었다(2006년). 학교구강보건사업의 발전을 위해서 행정의 일원화,보건교사에 대한 교육,구강보건교사제도의 도입,순회 학교치과의사와 학교치과병원을 통한 포괄적 진료서비스의 제공 등을 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 아동·청소년 주치의제의 도입으로 민간기관을 통해 공공서비스를 강화하는 방안이 검토되고 있다. To achieve the dental health of children and adolescents which is the objective of the pediatric dentistry, the role of the public service should be increased. The basis of the public service is established by many laws of which the Dental Health Law is most important. The percentages of primary schools that had the school dental health clinic, that implemented the fluoride rinsing program, and that implemented the group toothbrushing after lunch were 7.2%, 57.5%, and 46.9%, respectively, and the percentages of primary school children that received the dental health education and that received the fissure sealing were 48.0% and 12.4%, respective1y(2006). About 42% of infants and preschool children from 0 to 6 years received preventive dental care in the last one year, at the nursery or kindergarten(18%) or at the health center(1%)(2005). The percentage of the health centers that implemented water fluohdation was 11.3%, and the percentage of the population who drank the fluoridated water was 5.7 %(2006). It was suggested that the school dental health administration should be unified, that dental health teachers should be employed, and that the comprehensive dental health care should be supplied to all the children and adolescents through the circuit school dentists and the school dental hospitals in the long term. Also, the dentist in charge system for the children and adolescent was suggested.

岩刻畵 拓本에 대한 技法 硏究

변광현 安東大學 1997 安東大學 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

"Takbon" in Korean means a copy made from tapping on the paper with ink pad("Mung-chi" in Korean, says like "moong-czhee"). It also means a rubbed copy of petroglyphs or pictographs of tombstone or stone monuments. The techniques of "Takbon" come from that of the traditional woodcut print, which is at first, brushed the ink onto the engraved or cut-in wood panel with ink brush("Muk-Sol"), and then covered the paper, and rubbed in circles on the surface of paper with the wad of human hair or horse's mane, which were called "Inczhe´" and "Maryop" in Korea in the past, and also "Baren" as a disc pad be covered with a bamboo shoot in Japan. "Bazi" with horsehair and "zongpica" with the fiber filament of palm tree in china. But because of techniques of wood cut should stain the wood or any object with the ink, it must be apllied differently to keep the surface of rocks in petroglyphs as be good. I mainly refered to the basic method written in the book, "The world of Takbon"(Ilzisa, 1991), which was written by a buddhist monk "Byongzin" who is the "Takbon" specialist in Korea. I have improved and applied his genius unique tool(ink pad) and techniques of "Takbon" from ancient weathered rocks thorough having in practice at 6 of places in petroglyphs scattered in southern korea ; chilpori in yongil, sokjangdong in kyongju, bosongri in yongchon, anhwan in koryong, tekokri in namwon, dohangri in haman. "Takbon" is the method of defining the figures of engraved petroglyphs which are dim and vague by weathering or moss. But surface of rocks is rough, sunk and mixed with the deep cracks, so you have got to press with a small "Mungchi" in the narrow surface sometimes. You look at the figures of it subjectively, and find out the figure and press with "Mungchi" by the design in your mind. Because of the figures made from your mind and can not press with a large plain "Mungchi" such as the press machine, takbon is absolutely not a copy of object, become art works such as monoprints in printmaking or even paintings.