Environmental Microbiology / Microbial Diversity : Calcium Carbonate Precipitation by Bacillus and Sporosarcina Strains Isolated from Concrete and Analysis of the Bacterial Community of Concrete(s)

( Hyun Jung Kim ),( Hyo Jung Eom ),( Chulwoo Park ),( Jaejoon Jung ),( Bora Shin ),( Wook Kim ),( Namhyun Chung ),( In Geol Choi ),( Woojun Park ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.3

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (CCP) is a long-standing but re-emerging environmental engineering process for production of self-healing concrete, bioremediation, and long-term storage of CO2. CCP-capable bacteria, two Bacillus strains (JH3 and JH7) and one Sporosarcina strain (HYO08), were isolated from two samples of concrete and characterized phylogenetically. Calcium carbonate crystals precipitated by the three strains were morphologically distinct according to field emission scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry mapping confirmed biomineralization via extracellular calcium carbonate production. The three strains differed in their physiological characteristics: growth at alkali pH and high NaCl concentrations, and urease activity. Sporosarcina sp. HYO08 and Bacillus sp. JH7 were more alkali- and halotolerant, respectively. Analysis of the community from the same concrete samples using barcoded pyrosequencing revealed that the relative abundance of Bacillus and Sporosarcina species was low, which indicated low culturability of other dominant bacteria. This study suggests that calcium carbonate crystals with different properties can be produced by various CCP-capable strains, and other novel isolates await discovery.

冬蟲夏草의 抗轉移와 免疫增進에 關한 硏究

최우진,유화승,이용연,서상훈,조정효,이연월,손창규,조종관 대전대학교 한방병원 2000 惠和醫學 Vol.9 No.2

This experimental study was carried out to evaluate the effects of Cordiceps sinensis on the antimetastasis and immune activity. In order to investigate the effect of Cordiceps sinensis, the followings were performed; Cytotoxicity, inhibition of MMP-2 & MMP-9 gene expression, fraction of CD4+, CD8+, CD19+ in splenic cell, the moprphological change of splenic cells, gene expression of IL-12(p35), IL-12(p40), IFN-?? and splenic cell proliferation by CS-E. The results were obtained as follows. 1. CS-E did not present cytotoxic effect on L+14, B16-F10 melanoma cells and HMCB. 2. CS-E inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene expression more effectively compared with control group. 3. CS-E inhibited invasion of B16-F10 melanoma cells more effectively compared with control group. 4. CS-E helped CD4+, CD8+, CD19+ expression more effectively compared with control group. 5. CS-E activated phagocytic cells in spleen more effectively compared with control group. 6. CS-E helped IL-12(p35), IL-12(p40), IFN-?? gene expression in splenic cell more effectively compared with control group. 7. CS-E activated splenic cell proliferation more effectively compared with control group. From above findings, it is suggested that CS-E is able to inhibit metastasis of cancer and activate immune response system.

急性 A型 肝炎 患者 1例에 對한 臨床報告

최병렬,이지영,송기철,조정효 대전대학교 한방병원 2002 惠和醫學 Vol.11 No.1

After treating a patient suffering from hepatitis A, a significant result is gained as follows. This study was done from the patient who were at the Oriental Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University during 20 days, from 5. 22 to 6. 9, 2001. A 26-year-old patient had complained an general body jaundice, fatigue, nausea, dizziness and general body weakness. During the hospital periods, the kinds of therapy are acupuncture and Herbal Medication. Given the treatment, he felt so satisfied about his symptom's improvement, and the numerical value of a laboratory examination was improved.

기존 세굴심 산정공식 적용을 위한 모형실험과의 비교 연구

최한규,백효선,정창동 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.B

The existing of developed scour Equation have a very different value by boundary condition, hydraulic condition and bed condition. Therefore it may give rise to a serious trouble if it make a wrong application of the scour Equation. So this research of purpose is the predicting of scour depths, the method is that analysis river of feature and hydrauric feature for river in kangwondo young-seo region. And hydrauric model experiment of Scour phenomenon execute after the existing of calculate scour depths equation analysis sensitivity, assort a practical.

강원도 하천 호안 실태조사

최한규,정영덕,백효선 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2009 産業技術硏究 Vol.29 No.B

The propose of this study is to survey the revetments installed in Gangwon Province for identifying their characteristics. The survey showed that in eastern Gangwon Province, gabion, retaining wall and concrete blocks took about 63% or more, and in western Gangwon Province, dry wall, gabion and retaining wall, 68% or more. Gabion and dry wall had better vegetation coverage in western Gangwon Province than in eastern Gangwon Province. That is thought to be due to slope of river and under-water frequency.

그람양성구균에 대한 Teicoplanin과 Vancomycin의 시험관내 항균력

최태열,김경숙,전용관,서일혜,김정욱,이웅수,안정열,김홍석,정재용,최효선,김덕언,유진우 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.1

An increasing frequency of methicillin resistant S. aureus(MRSA), methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS) and Enterococcal infection have been observed in recent years. Teicoplanin is a new glycopeptide antibiotic obstained from the Actinoplanes teicomycetius. The molecular structure and spectrum of antimicrobial activity of teicoplanin is simillar to those of vancomycin, and has been reported to have an excellent in vitro and in vivo effect against various gram-positive infections. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitor susceptibility of gram positive cocci, such as, S. aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci(CNS), and Enterococci to teicoplanin and vancomycin. The total 253 strains consisted of MSSA(40), MRSA(53), MSCNS(47), MRCNS(48), and Enterococci(65). They were assayed by disc diffusion and agar dilution. During the study, 57% of S. aureus and 49% of CNS showed resistance to methicillin. The inhibitory diameter of teicoplanin was 15-20mm in MSSA, 12-19mm in MRSA, 13-24mm in MSCNS, 11-23mm in MRCNS, and 15-22mm in Enterococci respectively, and showed sensitivity in all but 8 strains(3.2%). The range of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of teicoplanin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS and Enterococci were 9.12-2.0㎍/ml, 0.25-2.0㎍/ml, & 0.25-32㎍/ml, 0.12-1.0㎍/ml respectively. One case of S. haemolyticus was resistant to teicoplanin (32㎍/ml) by the agar dilution method. Eight minor (3.2%) and one major(0.4%) error was observed when the MIC and disk diffusion data were correlated with teicoplanin. As for vancomycin the inhibitory diameter was 17-21mm in MSSA, 15-21mm in MRSA, 18-26mm in MSCNS, 18-25mm in MRCNS, and 16-22mm in Enterococci respectively. The range of the MIC of vancomycin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS, and Enterococci were 0.25-1.0㎍/ml, 0.25-4.0㎍/ml, 0.5-2.0㎍/ml and 0.5-2.0㎍/ml respectively. One minor error (0.4%) was seen with the vancomycin disk. The MIC90 of MSSA and MRSA exhibited the same results in teicoplanin (1.0㎍/ml, 1.0㎍/ml), and vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). MSCNS and MRCNS exhibited greater MIC90 with teicoplanin(4.0㎍/ml, 8.0㎍/ml) than vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). Incontrase Enterococci were more susceptible to teicoplanin(0.5㎍/ml) than to vancomucin (2.0㎍/ml). Results from this analysis indicated that both teicoplanin and vancomycin were very excellent for gram positive infections, especially those resistant to methicillin.

한국인 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 골격근에서 인슐린 신호전달체계의 결함

최준혁,이관우,김효정,이동훈,이종우,김정은,엄현채,김경미,최성이,정윤석,김현만 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 제2형 당뇨병에서 나타나는 인슐린 저항성은 간, 지방, 근육 같은 말초조직에서 인슐린의 작용이 떨어지는 것을 말한다. 제2형 당뇨병의 발생기전에 인슐린 저항성과 인슐린 분비능 저하가 같이 관여함은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 인슐린의 세포내에서의 저항성을 규명하기 위한 인슐린의 세포내 신호전달체계에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 몇몇 연구에서 인슐린 저항성을 가진 골격근육에서 IRS와 관련된 PI3-kinase의 활성감소와 Akt kinase의 활성감소를 보고하고 있으나 아직까지 명확하게 그 기작이 설명되어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상성인, 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 경구당부하검사 및 인슐린 클램프검사를 시행하고 인슐린 클램프 검사시 대상인의 근육을 채취하여 인슐린 신호전달 체계(IR-β, IRS, Akt(PKB, Rac) kinase, GSK-3)를 연구하였다. 방법: 연구대상자는 한국인으로서 경구당부하검사상 정상인 및 당뇨병 환자 각각 11명, 9명을 대상으로 하였으며, 정상인은 건강인으로 과거력상 당대사에 영향을 줄 질환이 없고, 현재 당대사에 영향을 줄 약물 복용 및 다른 소견이 없는 경구당부하검사상 정성 내당능을 보이는 대상자로 하였다. 당뇨병환자는 모두 제2형 당뇨병 환자로 이환기간이 만 5년 이내인 경우로 하고, 인슐린으로 치료하는 대상자는 제외하도록 하였다. 대상자의 연령, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 공복시 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 및 HbA1c, 인슐린, C-peptide를 측정하였고, "HOMA model"을 이용하여 베타세포의 기능와 인슐린저항성 정도를 평가하였다. 정상혈당클램프 검사(euhlycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test)를 시행하고 인슐린 투입 전과 인슐린 투입 30분후, 두차례에 걸쳐 대퇴부 근육생검을 실시한후 western 법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 측정하였다. 결과: 정상인 11명과 당뇨병 환자 9명을 대상으로 하였으며 대상자의 평균 연령, 평균 체질량지수, 체지방량, 허리/엉덩이 둘레의 비(waist hip ratio; WHR)는 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 평균 공복혈당은 정상군 98.0±0.3㎎/dL, 당뇨병군 208.1±16.5㎎/dL(p<0.05), HbA1c는 정상군 5.4±0.5%, 당뇨병군 9.2±0.6%(p<0.05)였다. "HOMA model"을 이용한 베타세포의 기능과 인슐린저항성은 정상군 56.4±8.5%, 1.4±0.2, 당뇨병군 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01), 10.2±6.3(p<0.01)였으며 정상혈당클램프 검사상 포도당 이용률은 정상군 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min, 당뇨병군 3.7±1.1㎎/㎏/min(p<0.01)로 정상군과 당뇨병군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. Western blot법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 인슐린 투입전과 인슐린 투입 30분후 측정하였을 때 IR-β에서는 정상군이 103.9±2.3에서 241.3±18.6, 당뇨군이 108.9±2.2에서 198.7±6.3으로 증가하였다(p=NS). 이는 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 통계적인 차이가 없었다. IRS에서는 정상군이 111.6±7.3에서 295.6±17.2, 당뇨군이 114.5±6.1에서 222.0±23.2로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 24% 감소하였다. Akt kinase에서는 103.4±6.0에서 416.8±29.5로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 43% 감소하였다. GSK-3에서는 정상군이 107.7±6.7에서 595.7±28.1, 당뇨군이 104.3±4.8에서 443.3±12.9로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 25% 감소하였다. 결론: 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 정상인과 비교하여 인슐린 자극후 IR-β는 인산화량의 증가정도가 큰 차이가 없었으나, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3에서는 인산화량의 증가 정도가 감소되는 것으로 보아 상위 인슐린 신호전단체계부터 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. Background: The glucose uptake rate is the limiting step in glucose utilization and storage. The failure of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in muscle appears to be a primary defect of insulin resistance. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of physiological hyperinsulinemia on the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR-β), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), Akt kinase and GSK-3 in isolated skeletal muscle, in people with type 2 diabetes(n=9) and control subjects(n=11). Methods: 75g OGTT and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were done. And vastus lateralis muscle was obtained before and 30 min into the euglycemic clamp. Western blots were performed for tyrosine phosphroylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and phosphorylation of the insulin receptor(IR-β), Akt and GSK-3. Result: There were no statistical differences in the mean age, BMI and body fat between the control subjects and diabetic patients. The fasting blood sugar and HbA_1c in controls and diabetic patients were 98.0±0.3 and 208.1±16.5ng/dl, and 5.4±0.5 and 9.2±0.6%, and 1.4±0.2 in the control subjects, and 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01) and 10.2±6.3(p<0.01) in the diabetic patients, respectively. The insulin resistance from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min and 3.7±1.1ng/㎏/min in the control subjects and in the diabetic patients, respectively(p<0.01). Compared with the normal controls, insulin-stimulated IR phosphorylation was no different to that in the diabetic patients. However, insulin-stimulated IRS phosphorylation, insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated GSK-3 phosphorylation were reduced in the diabetic patients compared with the normal controls by 24, 43 and 25%, respectively(p<0.05). Conclusion: In Korean type 2 diabetic patients, the insulin resistance may be due to the impairment of the upstream insulin signal molecular network. Further studies will focus on determining whether these signaling defects are the cause of the development of insulin resistance, or secondary to the altered metabolic state, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:685∼697, 2002).

OB-63 : Positive effects of Teratogenic risk counseling in pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medications

( Hyo Yeon Gwak ),( Jung Eun Lee ),( Ju Young Choi ),( So Yeon Kim ),( Song Mi Park ),( June Seek Choi1,),( Hyun Kyong Ahn ),( Min Hyung Kim ),( Jin Hoon Chung ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Hyun Mee Ryu ),( 대한산부인과학회 2014 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.100 No.-

목적: To evaluate the positive effects of teratogenic risk counseling in pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medication in early pregnancy. 방법: In a prospective cohort study, 250 pregnant women exposed to medications in early pregnancy were recruited after teratogenic risk counseling at Korean MotherSafe Counsling Center, which has given information about teratogenic risk of medication to pregnant women. Positive effects are evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS) for perception on teratogenic risk and percent prefering termination of pregnancy after medication exposures in pregnancy. 결과: Mean age of participants is 31.8±5.3years old. Mean gravidity is 2.4±2.1. Medications exposed in early pregnancy include antibiotics, analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, antacid and so on. Mean perceptive teratogen risk before and after the counseling is 33.9±1.6% and 15.8±1.6%, respectively. And mean percent prefering termination of pregnancy (≥5) before and after the counseling is 31.1±1.9% and 13.5±1.7%, respectively. 결론: Our data suggest that information on teratogenic risk for pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medication may have positive effects for reassuring pregnant women and preventing termination of pregnancy.

성인의 경부 전면 중앙부위에서 발생한 기형종 1예

최월용,정효진,채종인,하태인,정상렬,이광재,채병도,최영식 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Teratomas are embryonal neoplasms that show characteristics of three germ cell layers(ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). They are distributed in the following regions: sacrococcygeal(57%), gonadal(29%), mediastinal(7%), cervical(3%), retroperitoneal(4%), and intracranial(3%) regions. Non-gonadal treatomas present in infancy whereas gonadal are seen in adolescence. Especially, teratomas that occurred in midline neck of adult are very rare and are confused with thyroglossal duct cysts, cystic hygromas, and thyroid tumors. We report, along with the review of appropriate literature, a case of histopathologically confirmed benign teratoma in the midline neck of a 33 years old woman.

석탄회 펠렛의 미연탄소 연소 현상 분석

崔尙丁,李孝眞,吳明淑 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

As the number of coal fired power plants in the domestic power industry continues to increases, the amount of fly ash produced is also increasing, making the reutilization of fly ash a vital issue. Various methods to reutilize the fly ash from coal power plants have been investigated, and one of such areas with the potential to grow is the usage as light weight sintered construction materials. Sintered fly ash aggregates are produced in two steps; the first is the pellet formation step, during which the fly ash particles containing unburnt carbons were made into a pellet using caking components, and the second the pellet sintering by the combustion heat of the carbons. During the sintering process, the combustion rate of the carbon affects the characteristics of sintered pellets. The combustion of carbon occurs via adsorption of O₂ on the active sites, and desorption of CO/CO₂. The parameters which affect the rate of adsorption, desorption, and transfer of O₂ and CO/CO₂ include the O₂ partial pressure and flow rate, the pellet size, the porosity, the pore tortuosity, the pore size distribution, the carbon content and distribution. This study investigated the combustion of carbon during the production of sintered fly ash through modeling. A simple combustion model using Langmuir isotherm is used to calculate the pellet temperature. The oxygen diffusion through the pores is ignored. At the temperatures of sintering, the desoption process is a rate limiting process, making the overall rate sensitive to the desoption kinetic parameters. In addition, it was found that the carbon content and the heat capacity of the pellet affected both the rate of the reaction and the final pellet temperature, while the area of active sites only affect the reaction rate. The future work will include the combustion modeling with external and internal diffusion of O₂, and the model confirmation through experimentation.