渗出性 多型紅斑(Erythema Multiforme) 患者 1例에 대한 證例報告

류현신,임승환,정현아,홍석훈 대전대학교 한방병원 2002 惠和醫學 Vol.11 No.1

Introduction : Erythema multiforme is an inflammatory eruption specialized by target shape erythematous, edematous, blistered dermatitis. Objective : The purpose of this study was to estimate the efficacy of oriental medical treatment and management on erythema multiforme. Subjective : We studied about one patient who visited Daejeon University Oriental Hospital Dept. of Dermatology with exudative erythema multiforme. Method : We treated this disease with herb medicine and acupuncture. Results : This patient had high fever, chilling sense, itching sense, whole body pain and target shape erythema. We diagnosed him as an erythema multiforme. The cause of this disease is bi-seub-yeol and poong-yeol by oriental medical theory. We prescriped to him seon-bang-pae-dok-tang and bang-poong-tong-seong-san. After three days, he could get over these symptoms. Conclusion : Considering this above results, more oriental medical study is needed and oriental medical treatment on the erythema multiforme is very effective to treat this disease.

해마 theta리듬과 pyramidal neuron의 세포내 특성과의 상관관계

권오흥,조진화,남순현,김현정,최병주,김영진,이만기 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

Eledctrophysiological phenomena of pyramidal cells in the CAI area of the dorsal hippocampus were recorded from and filled with neurobiotin in anesthetized rats. The electropharmacological properties of membrane as well as the cellular-synaptic generation of rhythmic slow activity (theta)were examined. The intracellular response characteristics of these pyramidal cells were distinctly different from responses of inteneurons. Pyramidal cells had a high resting membrane potential, a low input resistance, and a large amplitude action potential. A afterhyperpolarization was followed a single action potential. Most of pyramidal cells did not display a spontaneous firing. Pyramidal cells displayed weak inward rectification and anodal break excitation. The slope of the frequency-current relation was 53.4 Hz/nA for the first interspike interval and 15.9 Hz/nA for the last intervals, suggesting the presence of spike frequency adaptation. Neurobiotin-filled neurons showed pyramidal morphology. Cells were generally bipolar dendritc processes ramifying in stratum lacunosum-moleculare, radiatum, and oriens. Commissural stimulation discharged pyramidal cells, followed by excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs and IPSPs). The frequency of theat-related membrane potential oscillation was voltage-independent in pyramidal neurons. At strong depolarization levels (less than 30 mV) pyramidal cells emitted sodium spike oscillation, phase-locked to theta. The observations provide direct evidence that theta-related rhythmic hyperpolarization of principal cells is brought by the rhythmically discharging interneurons. Furthermore, the findings in which interneurons were also paced by rhythmic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials during theta suggest that they were periodically hyperpolarized by their GABAergic septal afferents.

교육에 있어서 자유와 권위의 관계에 대한 듀이의 변증적 관점 탐구

최현주;이병승 공주대학교 교육연구소 2012 교육연구 Vol.27 No.1

The aim of this thesis is to investigate main view of John Dewey which criticized dualistic view about freedom and authority discussed by the old educational thinkers and practitioners and to suggest some implications to our educational practices based upon his dialectical view. Conclusions are as following: Firstly, researchers introduced academic background and main logic of traditional views such as conservative view and liberal view and then we found that two views disregarded possibilities of dialectical harmony of freedom and authority as important principles of education. Secondly, researchers discussed main view of John Dewey about relation of freedom and authority. Dewey criticized some limitations of traditional views: they emphasized the one of freedom and authority, and neglected harmonious relations of them. First of all, Dewey tried to overcome limitations of this false dualism in education. As a result, he suggested intelligent method as a effective alternative for overcoming dualism. Thirdly, researchers suggested some implications to our education, especially to our schools based upon dialectical view of Dewey. If we receive his view as persuasive, we must learn to think and act with intelligence to solve the problems derived from paradox of freedom and authority. 본 연구는 학교교육 안에서 늘 대립적인 관계로만 파악되었던 자유와 권위에 대한 그릇된 교육이론원(敎育二元論)의 한계를 비판하면서 이 둘의 관계를 변증적인 관점에서 이해하였던 존 듀이(John Dewey: 1859-1952)의 주장을 고찰하고, 그의 주장이 가지는 교육적 의의를 적극적으로 해석하는데 목적을 두었다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구는 우선, 자유와 권위에 대한 전통적인 관점을 크게 두 가지, 즉 보수주의적 관점과 자유주의적 관점의 기본 입장을 소개하고, 이들 관점들이 내세우는 논리적 가정과 주장을 고찰하는 가운데 이들 관점이 지닌 심각한 난점이 자유와 권위의 관계를 대립적 관계로 바라봄으로써 이 둘 간의 조화 및 통합 가능성을 숙고하지 못하였다는 데에 있음을 밝히고자 하였다. 다음으로, 교육계에 상존하는 자유와 권위의 그릇된 이원론을 극복하기 위해 부단히 노력하였던 듀이의 변증적인 관점의 기본 가정과 논리를 제시하였다. 끝으로, 본 연구는 듀이의 변증적 관점에 기초하여 자유와 권위의 조화 가능성을 반성적 사고로서의 지성에서 찾아야 한다는 점을 제안하였다.

Wittgenstein의 Blue Book 硏究

宋玄州 全北大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

Wittgenstein dictated the Blue Book to his class in Cambridge during the 1933∼34 session, and he had a stencilled copy made. The Blue Book was not named by Wittgenstein. If WittgeInstein had named these dictations, he might have called them Philosophical Remarks or Philosophical Investigations. However the first lot was bound in blue binding, and this copy was always spoken of as the Blue Book. The Blue Book deals with many subjects: "the concept of meaning, of understanding, of a proposition, of logic, states of consciousness." Wittgenstein believed that certain problems arose in the above-mentioned subjects, becaue of the failure to understand language. Wittgenstein's philosophy used investigatory techniques, but his philosophy was changed. We can see this, for instance, in the way that he uses the notion of "language games." Trantatus sp-eaks not of the use of this notion, but we can find the idea of a necessary language form in it. In the Brown Book Wittgenstein insists "understanding" is not one thing; it is as various as the language games themselves are. There is not a certain concept of a necessary language form. In setting forth language gemes Wittgenstein was not trying to give any analysis. In the view of Investigations, language games are different language from which elements or aspects of a universal language can be formed. What possibility does the meaning of our words depend on? Wittgenstein's ideas are strange and confusing in explaining this question, because he makes it plain in the Blue Book that words have the meaning we give them; on the other hands, he asserts that "ordinary language all right." When he speaks like this he, himself, is in the sort of confusion that he later brings out in attempting to explain this difficult concept.

섬유를 소재로 한 문화상품 개발 연구 : 한국전통 이미지 중심으로

서현화 한국공예학회 2001 조형디자인연구 Vol.4 No.1

21 century, the image of the nation is highly considered as its culture and it's seriously required to develop cultural goods by harmonizing the concept of traditional culture and rational characteristics of modern culture. Putting emphasis especially to fabrics, development of cultural heritage goods is needed urgently to meet the needs of times. Choose material in cultural heritage as relics, patterns, dresses, ornaments and etc., and extract and arrange correct motives that express Korean emotion, modern sense, creativity, symbolism, economical efficiency and function. Also apply varied experience to goods development through sample production or simulation process. Realizing our superior background of cultural history and its importance, we cna have pride as cultured nation and also should try to develop cultural goods continuously for practical use.

제약업계의 한약제제 연구개발 현황 및 허가에 대한 인식도 조사 연구

신현규,김윤경,강창희,최선미 한국한의학연구원 2001 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.7 No.1

A survey was conducted to investigate the attitudes of pharmaceutical companies toward the status and permission of R&D of herbal products. The survey's results showed that some of them(42.9%) was conducting the R&D, and others(57.1%) were not conducting. As the results of analysis on the reason of R&D conducting, some of them(42.3%) answered that R&D of herbal products is more effective and powerful than these of synthetic products. And 23.1% answered that the cost of R&D is low and the time required is short. And another 23.1% answered that it has marketability and competitive power. As the results of analysis on the marketability of herbal products in Pharmaceutical Market, most of them(78.6%) answered that it seems enough. As the results of the comparison of synthetic drug and herbal products, the proportion of R&D investment on herbal products was lower than synthetic products in the preclinical study, the first clinical study and the second clinical study, and higher than the in the third clinical study and the DNA. And the periods of R&D was long in most procedure except synthesis of new materials. As the results of analysis on the recognition of related regulation, most of the (73%) was yes. And 35.2% of the subjects thinks it enough.

不動産 去來事故問題의 改善에 關한 考察 : 不動産 仲介業法을 中心으로 Focus on the Real Estate Brokerage Law

吳顯鎭 청주대학교 사회과학연구소 1984 한국사회과학연구 Vol.2 No.-

Our country has such problems as speculation in real estate and real estate transaction accidents as the by-products appeared in the process of rapid economic growth and successful performance of development policy. The probblem of speculation not only exists in real estate transaction but also exists in the transaction of various kinds of policy, jewelry and private loans, and also stems from the goods preference psychology under inflation. It is because of its relatively high importance in economic side and its specific social and public nature that the speculation in real estate has made itself open to social criticism. It is originated from the thought that land is the conmon basis of people as well as a natural product that can't be produced by human labour. The problem of speculation in real estate has two aspects in it. One is the aspect of private law designed for the protection of the right of private property, and the other is that of public law for the limitation of the right of private property designed to promote public welfare. A democratic and capitalistic country which esteems the individual liberty and creation is able to promise its reasonable development when these two aspects keep the balance between themselves. It has been required to estabilish a reasonable real estate transaction order by means of public intervention, since the speculation in real estate disturbs the transaction system and causes the transaction accident. It is not too much to say that this country has wholly relied upon the adjustment of tax system up to now, to meet the real estate problems. Quite recently, more fundamental and integrated macro-policies for the real estate problems have been seriously studied, and from a part of the policies, Certified Public Broker system was partially introduced as the real estate brokerage law was made at the end of 1983. The writer thinks that the establishment of real estate transaction order can be achieved by taking precautions measures against the transaction accidents and by improving post-guaranteeing system which secures the safety of the transactions. The writer investigates the following items focusing the real estate brokerage law. (1) For the precautions measures, we should find out whether there is any legal, economic and technical defect in a certain real estate on the ground of complex concept in the zeal estate science. (2) The broker should ascertain and explain the transaction parties impartially whether the certain real estate has any defect in it on the basis of the principal of faithfulness and sincerity, and should standardize the transaction forms by making a written statement showing the above and deliver it to the mediating cliant who acquires the rights when the transaction is arranged. By doing so, he can make clear the location of the responsibilities which may occur in the future. (3) On the other hand, there is an article about the post-guarantee-system of real estate transaction in the real estate broker-age law. According to the law, when a broker, deliberately or mistakenly, causes the transaction parties the loss and damage on their property in carrying out his business, he is liable to pay for the loss and damage. And the law also provides that the broker should select a financial sponsor, have his property guaranty insured or trust his properly to secure his compensation responsibility. Accordingly, the writer finds it desirable that the real estate brokerage council has the brokers take charge of the management of the post-guaranting system for the transaction accidents by making them reserve some of their transaction fees for the fund to meet the compensation responsibility. (4) The writer also finds it reasonable to try to make the brokerage corporation secure the public confidence of real estate registration by making only qualified brokers with certified public brokers be able to organize the corporation and by making the corporation take charge of the public authentication for changes in real rights resulting from real estate transaction for the post security against the transaction accident.

광탄성 효과를 이용한 원형구멍 주위에서의 응력분포 해석에 관한 연구

김현숙,육근철 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1999 과학교육연구 Vol.30 No.1

물체에 하중이 작용할 대 발생하는 응력 분포를 해석하기 위하여 광탄성 실험 장치를 제작하였다. 그리고 시료의 중앙에 원형구멍이 뚫린 얇은 평판에 하중을 가하여 원형구멍 주위에 발생하는 응력 분포와 원형구멍의 크기에 따른 응력 분포를 비교해 보았다. 그 결과 응력은 원형 구멍 주위에 집중되어 있고, 원형 구멍이 클수록 응력 집중 현상이 뚜렸하게 나타났다. 투명 매질에 나타나는 이러한 광탄성 무늬를 고등학교의 물리 수업에서 활용하면 광학적 현상이 어떻게 활용되는가를 학생들이 알 수 있으므로 학습 효과를 크게 높일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. A photoelastic experimental device was designed to analyze the stress distribution produced when a transparent material was under load. using the experimental device, it was possible to compare the stress distribution around a circular hole of varying sizes on each specimen by observing the thin bar with a circular hole under axial loading. Since the photoelastic waves which can be observed on a transparent material includes overlapping contents of both optics and dynamics, it is expected to especially enhance the learning process in Highschool physics classes.

아말감 충전물의 크기와 표면 처리방법에 따른 교정용 브라켓의 전단접착강도에 대한 연구

김현희,차경석,이진우 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.3

상, 하악 구치의 협면은 아말감으로 수복되어 있는 경우가 많으며, 접착 술식과 재료의 발달로 아말감에 교정용 브라켓의 직접 접착 술식이 가능하게 되었다. 그러나 아말감은 치아 협면의 일부분만을 차지하는 경우가 많아 주변의 법랑질에서도 접착력을 얻을 수 있으므로, 임상적으로 통상의 교정용 레진을 사용하여 직접 접착 술식을 시행하고 있다. 그러나 아말감 충전물이 있는 치면에 대한 교정용 레진의 직접 접착 술식의 접착강도에 대한 연구가 없는 실정으로 이에 본 실험을 시행하였다. 상, 하악 소구치를 포매하여 지름1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm의 아말감 충전물을 형성한 후sandblasting 시행군과 비시행군으로 나누었다. no-mix type의 교정용 레진인 Ortho-one을 사용하여 브라켓을 접착한 후 전단결합강도를 측정하고 접착 파절 형태를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.아말감 크기에 따른 비교 시 아말감 크기1.5mm군의 전단 강도가 다른 군들에 비해 유의성 있게 높았고, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm군간에는 전단 강도의 차이가 없었다. (p<0.05) 2.Sandblasting 시행여부에 따른 전단결합강도의 차이는 없었다. (p<0.05) 3.각 군간의 비교시 아말감 충전물의 면적이 브라켓 기저부 면적의 약 61%를 차지하는 G군, H군의 전단결합강도는 대조군의 50-60%수준으로 급격히 감소하였다. (p<0.05) 4.브라켓 접착 파절 형태의 관찰 시 sandblasting을 시행하지 않은 군에 비해 sandblasting 시행군의 mARI score가 유의성 있게 높았다. (p<0.05) 이상의 실험결과는 아말감 충전물의 크기가 브라켓 기저부 면적의 약50%이하일 때 sandblasting시행여부에 관계없이 통상적인 교정용 레진을 사용하여 직접 접착 술식을 시행하여도 임상적으로 적절한 전단강도를 얻을 수 있음을 시사하였다. (주요단어 : 아말감 충전물, 전단접착강도) In orthodonitic patients, frequently, amalgam restorations are present on the buccal surface of molars. The ability to successfully bond orthodontic brackets and buccal tubes to amalgam restorations would therefore be of clinical value. But the bond strength to total amalgam surface is probably not critical in most instances. Because there is usually a considerable amount of sound enamel surrounding a buccal amalgam filling. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strengths of orthodontic brackets according to surface treatments and size of amalgam restorations. Eighty tooth specimen were assigned to four groups according to amalgam size-1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm diameter-and then divided into two groups : one half was sandblasting group the other half was no sandblasting group. After Bracket bonding, shear bond strength for each specimen was determined and bond failure patterns was evaluated. 1.Shear bond strength of amalgam size 1.5mm group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. (p<0.05) 2.There was no significant difference in the bond strength produced by sandblasting. (p<0.05) 3.Shear bond strength of G and H group of which amalgam restoration ratio to the bracket base sizes were 61% were significantly decreased 50-60% level of that of control group. (p<0.05) 4.There was positive correlation between sandblasting and mARI. (p<0.05) The results of the present study indicate that it may be feasible to bond orthodontic bracket clinically successfully to amalgam restoration with conventional orthodontic resin when its size is less than 50% of that of bracket base. ※ Key words : Bond strength. Amalgam restoration

목적지별 큐잉 기반의 입력 확장 스위치 패브릭 구조를 갖는 입력 버퍼 패킷 스위치

이현태 목원대학교 자연과학연구소 1998 自然科學 硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.-

본 논문은 입력 버퍼링 구조를 갖는 패킷 스위치에서 입력 확장 스위치 패브릭 구조를 통한 성능 개선에 관한 연구이다. 스위치 패브릭의 처리 능력 개선을 위한 다양한 구조에 대한 성능 및 설계 파라메터를 분석하고, 목적지별로 구분되는 입력 확장 스위치 패브릭 구조를 제안하고 버스트 트래픽 환경에서 제안된 스위치의 성능을 분석한다.