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혼종적 주체와 경계사유의 가능성 : 가족 찾기 서사와 이주 모티프를 중심으로
권혜린 이화어문학회 2015 이화어문논집 Vol.37 No.-
본고에서는 가족 찾기 서사와 이주 모티프를 공통적으로 지닌 정미경의 『아프리카의 별』(2010)과 구효서의 『나가사키 파파』(2008)를 중심으로 보편/특수, 서구/비서구, 중심/주변 등의 이분법적인 사고에서 벗어나 혼종적 주체가 경계사유로 나아가는 과정을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 ‘혼종성’을 완결된 단어가 아닌, 현재진행형의 과정적인 단어로서 혼종화 ‘과정’으로 보고자 하였으며 정착/떠남의 ‘경계’에서 서양/동양(서구/비서구), 친아버지/양아버지, 한국/일본을 사유하는 과정을 고찰하였다. 먼저, 혼종적 공간인 마그레브를 배경으로 한 『아프리카의 별』은 서양 중심적인 오리엔탈리즘 같은 혼종화의 거부 역시 ‘혼종화 과정’이라는 것을 보여 준다. 나아가 문명/야만의 식민성을 발견함으로써 오리엔탈리즘이 변형되는 과정이 나타나며, 이는 프랑스어의 우월성을 해체하면서 ‘유럽을 지방화’하는 경계사유로 이어진다. 다음으로, 나가사키를 배경으로 한 『나가사키 파파』에서는 자신의 정체성과 관련된 아버지가 고정되어 있지 않다는 유동적 정체성을 자각하면서 한국/일본, 양아버지/친아버지의 양쪽을 모두 비판하는 ‘이중 비판’의 경계사유를 수행한다. 이는 아버지를 영토화(번역)-탈영토화(탈번역)-재영토화(재번역)하는 과정을 통해 나타난다. 또한 주인공이 일하는 ‘넥스트 도어’ 역시 혼종적 공간으로서 단일한 인종이나 집단으로 환원되지 않는 복잡한 차이를 가지고, 서로에게 개방되어 있다는 점에서 ‘미시적 코즈모폴리터니즘’과 ‘프랙탈적 차이화’를 보여주며 ‘함께-보기’를 통해 연대의 가능성으로 나아간다. This study explores how hybrid subjects advance the thinking beyond dichotomous thinking such as universality/particularity, western/non-western, centrality/marginality based on the analysis of 『The Star of Africa』(2010) by Jeong Mi-Kyeong and 『Nagasaki Papa』(2008) by Gu Hyo-seo in which the narratives of finding families and the motifs of immigration are commonly shared. For this purpose, ‘hybridity’ is understood as an ongoing term, not a definitive term under the exploration of focusing on the ‘hybridizing processes’. It investigates the processes of think about western/eastern (western/non-western), biological father/step father, Korean/Japan in the ‘border’ of settlement/leaving. 『The Star of Africa』 with a background of Maghreb as a hybrid space suggests that to refuse the hybridity, such as the Western-centered Orientalism, also belongs to the ‘hybridizing processes’. The processes of transforming Orientalism appear by revealing the coloniality of civilization/primitivity, which leads to the border thinking to ‘Provincializing Europe’ by deconstructing the superiority of French language. In 『Nagasaki Papa』, the border thinking of criticizing both of Korea/Japan, biological father/step father is conducted as realizing the flexible identity without the fixed concept of identity-related father. It goes through the processes of territorialization (translation) deterritorialization (detranslation) reterritorialization (retranslation) of father. Moreover, ‘the next door’ in which the main character works is also a hybrid space. Given that this space has complicated differences which are not reduced into a single ethnicity or group and has openness, it results in the possibility of solitary by suggesting ‘micro cosmopolitanism’ and ‘fractalized differentiation’.
韓國人에서 HumFIBRA/FGA와 D21S11 遺傳座의 對立遺傳子 頻度와 遺傳的 變異의 分析
김윤신,황적준,이혜린,구태완,한길로,김성민,이혜승 大韓法醫學會 1998 대한법의학회지 Vol.22 No.1
Allele-and genotype frequencies of the two short tandem repeat (STR) loci, HumFGA and D21S11, were determined in Korean population(n=196). DNA typing was accomplished by applying fluorescence-labeled PCR products and a differently labeled sequenced allelic ladders, followed by automated analysis using ABI 377 automatic sequencer and GeneScan 2.02 software. Prior to typing, allelic ladder of each locus was constructed with a combination of all alleles occuring from the population sample. A total of 15 alleles and 48 genotypes with the heterozygosity of 0.854 for HumFGA, and 12 alleles and 33 genotypes with the heterozygosity of 0.787 for D21S11 are observed in a population of 196 genetically unrelated individuals. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed(p=0.753 for HumFGA, p=0.262 for D21S11). The data presented here (power of discrimination and average power of exclusion) show that both STR Loci, HumFGA and D21S11, are very informative for individualization from criminal evidences, and are also useful for parentage testing.
한국인에서 다변성 D12S391 유전좌의 집단유전학적 연구
이용욱,김성민,구태완,이혜린,강일호,한길로,이혜승,황적준 大韓法醫學會 1999 대한법의학회지 Vol.23 No.1
The hypervariable short tandem repeat(STR) locus D12S391 was investigated in a Korean population. A total of 14 alleles were detected by size under denaturing conditions in 517 unrelated individuals. To confirm all of the alleles detected in a Korean population, a total of 34 fragments were sequenced. Prior to allele designation, we constructed the allelic ladders containing 11 alleles sequenced in this study. Allele 18 is the most common with a frequency of 0.281 in Koreans, and one variant allele 19.3 which have been confirmed by sequencing, was detected. The observed heterozygosity, the power of discrimination (PD), and the mean exclusion chance (MEC) for the locus D12S392 is 0.781, 0.946 and 0.652 , respectively. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in a Korean population (p=0.557). In the 424 meioses in 105 Korean families confirmed using other 17 STR loci, no mutation was detected in locus D12S391. The STR locus D12S391system is useful both for the analysis identification and parternity.
Hye Lin Park,조만호,신동호,부성희,Tae-Ryong Hahn 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.2
Nascent polypeptide associated complex (NAC) proteins bind to newly synthesized polypeptide chains from ribosome and are involved in various physiological processes. An in vitro pulldown assay demonstrated that the previously identified NAC protein interacts with phytochromes. Phytochrome-interacting NAC protein (PNAC) was expressed in the cytosol, and translocation of the PNAC protein into nucleus by irradiation was not observed. These findings suggest that PNAC is a possible cytosolic partner protein to phytochromes. Histochemical analysis of PNAC promoter-β-glucuronidase (GUS) transgenic plants showed that PNAC expression was increased by light treatment,especially red light, indicating that phytochromes likely modulate PNAC gene expression.
Ictal sinus pause and myoclonic seizure in a child
Hye Ryun Kim,Gun-Ha Kim,So-Hee Eun,Baik-Lin Eun,Jung Hye Byeon 대한소아청소년과학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.59 No.no.sup1
Ictal tachycardia and bradycardia are common arrhythmias; however, ictal sinus pause and asystole are rare. Ictal arrhythmia is mostly reported in adults with temporal lobe epilepsy. Recently, ictal arrhythmia was recognized as a major warning sign of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. We present an interesting case of a child with ictal sinus pause and asystole. A 27-month-old girl was hospitalized due to 5 episodes of convulsions during the past 2 days. Results of routine electroencephalography (EEG) were normal, but she experienced brief generalized tonic seizure for 3 days. During video-monitored EEG and echocardiography (ECG), she showed multiple myoclonic seizures simultaneously or independently, as well as frequent sinus pauses. After treatment with valproic acid, myoclonus and generalized tonic seizures were well controlled and only 2 sinus pauses were seen on 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring. Sinus dysfunction should be recognized on EEG, and it can sometimes be treated successfully with only antiepileptic medication.
( Hye-lin Kim ),( Jihyun An ),( Seung-hoo Park ),( Jae-a Park ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Eui-kyung Lee ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance using ultrasonography (US) is recommended for cirrhotic patients to detect HCC in earlier stages. But in high-risk patients with cirrhosis, surveillance by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with liver-specific contrast results in earlier detection of HCC than US. The study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of semiannual surveillance with MRI compared to US in cirrhotic patients at high risk for HCC. Methods: We designed a Markov model to compare expected costs and quality adjusted life years (QALY) between MRI and US over 20 years of time horizon from the limited societal perspective. The starting age of the cohort was 50 years old, and the cycle length was 6 months. Transition probabilities and costs were obtained mainly from a prospective cohort - the PRIUS study (NCT01446666). Literature review was conducted for HCC detection rate of US and utility weights. Effectiveness was measured life year (LY) gained and QALY. Cost and effectiveness were discounted at a 5% annual rate. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated and tested with deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results: The cost-effectiveness (CE) analysis indicated that MRI had ₩3,219,387 incremental costs, 0.521 incremental LY, and 0.313 incremental QALY per patient as compared to US. ICER were ₩6,175,874/LY and ₩10,621,005/QALY. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the annual HCC incidence was the most sensitive, ICER was estimated below the CE threshold (₩20,000,000/QALY) when the annual HCC incidence was over 4%. In sensitivity analysis, the annual HCC incidence and the cost ratio of MRI/US were varied, which showed that as HCC incidence increased, higher MRI/US cost ratio became acceptable in cost-effectiveness. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that semiannual MRI surveillance for HCC in cirrhotic patients at high-risk cost-effective compared to US. This results is helpful in determining the surveillance method considering the extent of patient's risk for HCC.