중세사변문법의 윤곽

이환묵 대한언어학회 1995 언어학 Vol.3 No.-

Lee, Hwan-Mook(1995). A Glimpse into Medieval Speculative Grammar. Linguistics vol. 3. Medieval speculative grammar is a grammatical theory representend chiefly by Peter Helias(c. 1150), Siger de Courtrai(c. 1300), Thomas of Erfurt(c. 1350). While Latin grammarians described grammatical phenomena of Latin in terms of Greco-Latin lexical categories such as noun, verb, etc. medieval speculative grammarians attempted to formulate a general theory of grammar using these traditional categories. They believed that grammar had its basis outside language itself and claimed that there can be one universal grammar dependent on the structure of reality and that the rules of grammar were quite independent of the language in which they were expressed. In constructing their own grammatical theory, they follwed the grammatical system of Donatus and Priesian but restated the parts of speech in semantic terms, using a terminology which they derived from the philosophical and logical theories of their contempories. Thus they defined parts of speech neither by their meaing nor by function but by modes of signifying. They thought the same thing can be signified either as an entity or as an action, which answers why there can be both a noun and a verb meaning 'run'. Medieval speculative grammarians did not add a great deal to grammatical theory although their work reflects a remarkable degree of sophistication and as such is a worthy representative of the golden age of medieval scholasticism. A grammatical theory must be considered not only in terms of its own intrinsic value but also as an expression of the intellectual climate which produced it. In this sense medieval speculative grammarians are admirable representative of certain aspects of medieval achievement.

Fuzzy 임계치 함수를 이용한 근사 추론

鄭丸默,卞成熙 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1993 연구논문집 Vol.46 No.1

The fuzzy input information is determined interval values using fuzzy threshold functions. In this paper, we present truth table that is a set of values from fuzzy threshold function. The truth table which derived from a rule table is represented by the fuzzy logic function. We propose an inference method that use variations of fuzzy logic function.

러프 집합을 이용한 관계데이터베이스 모델의 구성 및 해석

정환묵,정구범 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1997 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

In this paper, we construct rough relational database model using approximation concepts of rough set. Also, we analyze the relation between objects, attributes and attribute values and, propose the method that can generate flexible retrieval results.

축구 오버헤드 킥 동작의 운동학적 분석

김의환,이요열,김성섭,권문석,김성호 한국운동역학회 2003 한국운동역학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Kim, E-H · Lee , Y-Y · Kim, S-S· Kwon, M-S · Kim, S-H. The kinematical Analysis of the Overhead Kick on Soccer. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics. Vol. 13, No. 1,pp. 155-171. The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic variables of over head Kick(OHK) in soccer with three dimensional analysis technique and show the kinematic characteristics of it. The 7 subjects were university football player who have been playing football more than 7 years. The OHK was filmed on 16mm video camera(30frame/sec.) kinematic variables were temporal, postures, and COG(center of gravity). The mean values and the standard deviation for each variables were obtained and used as basic factors for examining characteristics of OHK. the results of this analysis were as follows : Temporal variables : The total time elapsed(TE) of OHK was0.94~1.14sec., the 1st phase was 0.35sec., 2nd phase was 0.46sec., and 3rd phase was 0.22sec.. Posture variables : When subjects performed OHK at the impact event, the ankle and knee angle of kicking foot were more extend than supporting foot. but the hip angle of supporting foot were more extend than kicking foot. Moving distance of the center of mass of the both foot : When subject performed OHK at the impact event, the range of distance on mediolateral direction aspect into right · left shoulder line, anteroposterior direction aspect was 20.9±10.5cm, vertical direction aspect was 92.3±19.9cm. Angular velocity : the faster angular velocity of knee · ankle on the kicking foot grew form jump position to landing position, the faster velocity of ball became. C. O. G. variables : When subject performed OHK at the impact event, upper part of the body was getting lower, lower part of the body was getting higher.

퍼지 전문가 시스템에서 적응력 있는 객체의 동적 정보처리에 관한 연구

鄭丸默 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1995 연구논문집 Vol.51 No.1

Boole 함수의 미분 및 전개 방법을 확장하고, 법-M(Modulus-M)의 수체계를 바탕으로 하여 무한다치 논리로서의 퍼지 논리함수에 대한 MacLaurin 전개의 구조적 성질을 분석한. 이러한 이론과 성질을 이용하여 전문가 시스템의 자동추론장치의 설계 및 개발에 적용될 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. In this paper, with the use of the derivatives and expansions of Boolean functions and also on the basis of the number system of Modulus-M, we propose the MacLaurin series expansions about the fuzzy logic function as infinite multivalued logic and analyze its structural properties. The theory and properties can be available in the design and development of the expert system.

베타 아밀로이드 형성에 관여하는 효소와 그를 응용한 알츠하이머병 치료법 개발 동향

장창환,정민환,묵인희 한국뇌학회 2001 한국뇌학회지 Vol.1 No.1

알츠하이머병(Alzheimer's disease: AD)은 퇴행성 신경질환으로서 80세 이상 노인의 50% 정도가 고통을 받고 있는 병이다. 그 증상으로는 기억력 및 인지기능의 상실이 서서히 진행되어 나타나며 아직 정확한 병인이나 치료법은 알려지지 않고 있는 실정이다. AD의 병리학적 특징으로는 노인반점(senile plaques), 신경섬유덩어리(neurofibrilary tangles), 그리고 신경세포의 손실(neuronal loss)을 대표적으로 들 수 있다 하겠다. 노인반점의 대부분을 차지하고 있는 응집된 베타아밀로이드 단백질은 여러 가지 실험적 증거들에 의하여 AD의 주요 병인으로 생각되어지고 있다. AD는 크게 젊은 나이에 발병하는 유전성 AD(familial AD)와 원인을 알 수 없는 산발성 AD(sporadic AD)로 나눌 수 있다. 유전성 AD의 경우는 presenilin 1(PS1), presenilin 2(PS2) 혹은 아밀로이드 전구단백질(amyloid precursor protein, APP) 유전인자에 돌연변이가 일어났을 경우 100% AD로 발병하게 된다. 산발성 AD의 경우는 아포지단백질 E(apolipoprotein E)나 α-2 macroglobulin에 돌연변이가 일어났을 때 AD로 진전할 확률이 높아지는 위험인자는 밝혀져 있으나 발병의 정확한 원인은 알려진 것이 없다. 특이한 사항은 산발성이나 유전성 AD 모두 베타아밀로이드 단백질의 과다 침착이 공통적으로 일어난다는 것으로 베타아밀로이드의 AD의 병인으로서의 가능성을 시사하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 베타아밀로이드가 형성되어지는 대사경로를 설명하고 그 중 베타아밀로이드 생성에 관여하는 β-, γ-secretases에 관하여 최근의 연구결과들을 중점적으로 설명할 것이다. 또한 베타아밀로이드의 생성을 저해하는 α-secretase의 후보물질들에 관한 설명과 이러한 secretases들의 조절 및 이를 이용한 치매치료법에 관한 최근 동향을 설명하고자 한다. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common senile dementia in elderly population. It is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Almost 50% of over 80 years old individuals suffer the problems with AD. Memory deficit which is resulted from degenerated neurons followed by synaptic loss is the major symptom of AD. The pathological hallmarks of AD are (1) extracellular deposit of senile plaques, (2) intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and (3) severe neuronal loss in the brain. Senile plaques consist of a central core of insoluble fibrillary amyloid β-protein (Aβ) surrounded by a halo of dystrophic neurites. Most of AD is sporadic form and less than 10% in AD is familial form. The mutations on the gene of amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 (PS2) have been found on early-onset familial AD (FAD). Apolipoprotein E is known as a risk factor on late-onset sporadic AD (SAD). Since high level of Aβ deposit is appeared in the patient brains of both FAD and SAD, it is considered that Aβ might be the major cause of AD. Because Aβ is generated from a larger precursor protein, designated APP, understanding APP processing is important. APP is processed through at least two different pathways. The α-secretory pathway involves α- and γ-secretases, generating two secreted protein fragments, sAPP αand p3. Alternatively, the secreted fragments sAPPβ and Aβ are generated out of the β-secretory pathway by the actions of β- and γ-secretases. In this review, mechanism of A βgeneration is discussed with focus on three secretases such as α-, β- and γ-secretases. Also, possible therapeutic approaches is discussed based on the information about basic research results of secretases.

多値論理函數의 構成理論과 展開에 관한 硏究

鄭丸默 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1987 연구논문집 Vol.35 No.1

Using the concepts of the differential of Boolean functions, we are going to analyze the structure of Boolean function and to expand the integer multiple valued logic functon and symbolic multiple valued logic functions in this thesis. The derivatives and expansions of Boolean functions are quite often used in many field, especially, in the design of networks and fault detection of computers. We analyze the expansion methods of Boolean functions and do preparation for the differential and ezpansion of multiple valued logic functions. Based on the number system of Modulus-M, we study the behavior and the eapansion methods of multiple valued logic functions. Finally, we symbolize the behavior and study the expansion methods of multiple valued logic functions.

다치 논리를 이용한 화상처리의 농도 표현에 관한 연구

정환묵,박미경 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1998 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.2

Since the multiple valued logic is compare with two-valued logic, it is PC high speed processing and increasing information density greatly in logic networks. In this paper, we represent the multiple-valued that gray level necessary image process the benefit of multiple-valued logic.

실리콘 겔에 활성화된 복강 대식세포의 interleukin-6 및 tumor necrosis factor-α에 의한 섬유모세포 중식 자극

김환묵,한상배,이백권,이종원,한기택,천지훈 大韓成形外科學會 1998 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.5

Silicone gel breast implants may induce local(fibrous capsular contracture) or systemic(rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, etc) complications. The exact mechanism of fibrous capsular contracture has not been fully understood. In the present study, we tried to find out the effect of silicone gel on the fibroblast proliferation which has been known as a major contributing factor in fibrous capsular contracture formation. In vitro, activated macrophages are known to secrete monokines which affect fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. And tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6), which were released by macrophages, were reported as potent stimulator of fibroblast proliferation. The goal of this study is to investigate the role of macrophages and tumour necrosis factor-αor interleukin-6 in the interaction of fibroblasts and silicone gel. We designed four groups, two experimental and two control, using Institute for Cancer Research(ICR) mouse peritioneal macrophage and silicone gel. For the preparation of the conditioned medium of macrophages, peritoneal macrophages were prepared and cultured for 24 hours on the silicone gel-coated and naked (not coated) surface [silicone gel-macrophage conditioned medium(SCM; experimental group) and normal polystyrene-macrophage conditioned medium(NCM; control group) respectively]. To correct the effect of 10% fetal bovine serum which was included in Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium and draw the effect only by macrophages, the RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum was cultured by the same method on the silicone gel-coated and naked surface (silicone gel-macrophage free conditioned medium; SFM and normal polystyrene-macrophage free conditioned medium; NFM respectively). Each conditioned medium was added onto NIH 3T3 fibroblasts culture at a final 25% concentration of total culture medium and followed by the cultivation for 24 hours. For antibody neutralizing experiments, each conditioned medium was preincubated with polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse TNF-α antibody or polyclonal rat anti-mouse IL-6 antibody for 1 hour and then, conditioned medium with antibody was added to the culture medium of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts by the same method. After 24 hours cultivation, total number of viable fibroblast(cell growth), DNA synthesis and collagen synthesis of fibroblasts with each medium were measured by sulforhodamine B(SRB) assay, 3H-thymidine and 3H-proline incorporation respectively. The results were as follows: 1. In the experiment about the effect of the conditioned medium on the fibroblast activity, the experimental group(SCM), compared with the control group(NCM), showed a significant increase of the cell growth (p<0.01), a significant decrease of DNA synthesis(p<0.001), but no significant difference in the collagen synthesis. 2. In the experiment about the effect of polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse TNF-α antibody on the fibroblast activity, after the addition of antibody the experimental group, compared with the control group, showed a significant decrease of the cell growth(p<0.001), a significant increase of DNA synthesis(p<0.01), but no significant difference in the collagen syn thesis. 3. In the experiment about the effect of polyclonal rat anti-mouse IL-6 antibody on the fibroblast activity, after the addition of antibody the experimental group, compared with the control group, showed a significant decrease of the cell growth(p<0.001), a significant increase of DNA synthesis(p<0.0001), but no significant difference in the collagen synthesis. In conclusion, culture supernatants (conditioned medium) of peritoneal macrophages, activated by silicone gel, stimulate the NIH 3T3 fibroblast proliferation. TNF-α and IL-6, products of macrophage, are involved in the stimulation of NIH 3T3 fibroblast proliferation in an in vitro condition.

효율적인 Fuzzy 규칙 선택 메카니즘에 관한 연구

최성혜,정환묵 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1993 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

In this paper, we study the fuzzy logic function that are represent a infinite multi-valued logic function. The infinite multi-valued logic function takes a truth value of proposition in fuzzy set of close interval[0,1]. Assuming that the Boolean function is the number system of modulus-2, the infinite multi-valued logic fouction is expanded the number system of modulus-M. Using the concept off the differential of extended Boolean function, we study of the properties and differentiations of fuzzy logic function, the structure of the function is analyzed. Finally, it shown that the proposed fuzzy logic function is an efficient rule selection method for fuzzy reasoning.