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Production of vanillin by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli
Yoon, Sang-Hwal,Li, Cui,Kim, Ju-Eun,Lee, Sook-He,Yoon, Ji-Young,Choi, Myung-Suk,Seo, Weon-Taek,Yang, Jae-Kyung,Kim, Jae-Yeon,Kim, Seon-Won Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.
E. coli was metabolically engineered to produce vanillin by expression of the fcs and ech genes from Amycolatopsis sp. encoding feruloyl-CoA synthetase and enoyl-CoA hydratase/aldolase, respectively. Vanillin production was optimized by leaky expression of the genes, under the IPTG-inducible trc promoter, in complex 2YT medium. Supplementation with glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose or glycerol severely decreased vanillin production. The highest vanillin production of 1.1 g 1^(-1) was obtained with cultivation for 48 h in 2YT medium with 0.2% (w/v) ferulate, without IPTG and no supplementation of carbon sources.
L²-TRANSVERSE HARMONIC FIELDS ON COMPLETE FOLIATED RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS
Pak, Jin Suk,Yoo, Hwal-Lan 경북대학교 위상수학 기하학연구센터 1995 硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-
We discuss transverse harmonic vector fields with finite global norms on complete foliated Riemannian manifolds. Our main method is the cutoff function trick.
$L^2$-transverse fields preserving the transverse ricci field of a foliation
Pak, Jin-Suk,Shin, Yang-Jae,Yoo, Hwal-Lan Korean Mathematical Society 1995 대한수학회지 Vol.32 No.1
Let $(M,g_M,F)$ be a (p+q)-dimensional connected Riemannian manifold with a foliation $F$ of codimension q and a complete bundle-like metric $g_M$ with respect to $F$. Let $Ric_D$ be the transverse Ricci field of $F$ with respect to the transverse Riemannian connection D which is a torsion-free and $g_Q$-metrical connection on the normal bundle Q of $F$. We consider transverse confomal (or, projective) fields of $F$. It is clear that a tranverse Killing field s of $F$ preserves the transverse Ricci field of $F$, that is, $\Theta(s)Ric_D = 0$, where $\Theta(s)$ denotes the transverse Lie differentiation with respect to s.
Production of Vanillin from Ferulic Acid Using Recombinant Strains of Escherichia coli
Yoon, Sang-Hwal,Li, Cui,Lee, Young-Mi,Lee, Sook-Hee,Kim, Sung-Hee,Choi, Myung-Suk,Seo, Weon-Taek,Yang, Jae-Kyung,Kim, Jae-Yeon,Kim, Seon-Won Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.
Vanillin is one of the world's principal flavoring compounds, and is used extensively in the food industry. The potential vanillin production of the bacteria was compared to select and clone genes which were appropriate for highly productive vanillin production by E. coli. The fcs(feruloyl-CoA synthetase) and ech (enoyl-CoA hydratase/aldolase) genes cloned from Amycola-topsis sp. strain HR104 and Delftia acidovorans were introduced to pBAD24 vector with P_(BAD) promoter and were named pDAHEF and pDDAEF, respectively. We observed 160 mg/L vanillin production with E. coli harboring pDAHEF, whereas 10 mg/L of vanillin was observed with pDDAEF. Vanillin production was optimized with E.coli harboring pDAHEF. Induction of the fcs and ech genes from pDAHEF was optimized with the addition of 13.3 mM arabinose at 18 h of culture, from which 450 mg/L of vanillin was produced. The feeding time and concentration of ferulic acid were also optimized by the supplementation of 0.2% ferulic acid at 18 h of culture, from which 500 mg/L of vanillin was obtained. Under the above optimized condition of arabinose induction and ferulic acid supplementation, vanillin production was carried out with four different types of media, M9, LB, 2YT, and TB, The highest vanillin production, 580 mg/L, was obtained with LB medium, a 3.6 fold increase in comparison to the 160 mg/L obtained before the optimization of vanillin production.