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Nguyen, Huyen T.T.,Pham, Huy K.,Nguyen, Vu A.,Mai, Tung T.,Le, Hang T.T.,Hoang, Thuy T.B. The Korean Electrochemical Society 2022 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.13 No.2
Heavy metals recovery from Printed Circuit Boards industrial wastewater is crucial because of its cost effectiveness and environmental friendliness. In this study, a copper recovery route combining the sequential processes of acid leaching and LIX 984N extracting with an electrowinning technique from Printed Circuit Boards production's sludge was performed. The used residual sludge was originated from Hanoi Urban Environment One Member Limited Company (URENCO). The extracted solution from the printed circuit boards waste sludge containing a high copper concentration of 19.2 g/L and a small amount of iron (0.575 ppm) was used as electrolyte for the subsequent electrolysis process. By using a simulation model for multi-step current electrolysis, the reasonable current densities for an electrolysis time interval of 30 minutes were determined, to optimize the specific consumption energy for the copper recovery. The mathematical simulation model was built to calculate the important parameters of this process.
Le, Hang T.T.,Ngo, Duc Tung,Kim, Young-Jae,Park, Choong-Nyeon,Park, Chan-Jin Elsevier 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.248 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An aluminium-doped lithium lanthanum titanate (A-LLTO) solid electrolyte was prepared using a simple citrate-gel method, and this was followed by a pelletization and the conventional sintering process. When the sintering time was varied at 1350°C for the synthesis of the A-LLTO, the A-LLTO ceramic that was sintered at 1350°C for 6h exhibited the highest ionic conductivity of 3.17×10<SUP>−4</SUP> Scm<SUP>−1</SUP> at 25°C. In addition, the stability and durability of the synthesized A-LLTO ceramic was tested through a one-month aqueous-solution immersion for which the pH values were varied between 0 and 14. The stability of the A-LLTO is the highest in the alkaline environment; furthermore, for its use in the aqueous-electrolyte environment, a protected lithium electrode (PLE) structure was made by combining the lithium (Li) metal, a lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) interlayer, and the A-LLTO, whereby the LiPON interlayer prevented a direct reaction between the Li metal and the A-LLTO. The Li-LiCoO<SUB>2</SUB> and Li-O<SUB>2</SUB> cells comprising the PLE exhibited a superior electrochemical performance when they were used in the alkaline 1M LiNO<SUB>3</SUB>-electrolyte environment. After 100 cycles of the charge-discharge at the 1C rate, the aqueous Li-LiCoO<SUB>2</SUB> cells maintained 59.3% of the initial capacity with a coulombic efficiency of 98.3%. In addition, the aqueous Li-O<SUB>2</SUB> cell operated stably for 40 cycles under the limited capacity mode of 0.5mAhcm<SUP>−2</SUP>. The outstanding performance of the Li-metal-based cells originates from the A-LLTO solid electrolyte, due to the latter’s high stability, ionic conductivity, and an effective suppression effect regarding the dendritic growth of the Li.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A perovskite-structured aluminium-doped lithium lanthanum titanate (A-LLTO) is fabricated. </LI> <LI> The A-LLTO ceramic exhibits a high stability in aqueous alkaline solutions. </LI> <LI> The A-LLTO serves as an artificial solid-electrolyte interface that protects the metallic Li-electrode from the aqueous electrolytes. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Le, Hang T. T.,Ngo, Duc Tung,Ho, Van-Chuong,Cao, Guozhong,Park, Choong-Nyeon,Park, Chan-Jin Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.4 No.28
<P>Lithium (Li) metal can be degraded by factors such as irregular Li stripping, Li dendritic growth, and the growth of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, finally leading to the performance deterioration of Li-air batteries. In particular, the operation of the Li-air battery in ambient air remains a considerable challenge due to the possible occurrence of parasitic reactions on Li metal with moisture and other contaminants diffusing from the outside air. In this work, a protected Li electrode (PLE) composed of Li metal covered with a bilayer lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON)/aluminium substituted lithium lanthanum titanate (A-LLTO) solid electrolyte was suggested. The mechanism for the degradation of Li electrodes with and without the LiPON/A-LLTO protection layer was compared using the Li symmetric cell and Li-air cell by investigating the electrochemical performance of cells and the growth of Li dendrites. The Li symmetric cell employing the LiPON/A-LLTO exhibited superior cyclability to the cell without the solid electrolyte due to the effective suppression of Li dendritic growth. Further, the aprotic Li-air cell employing the PLE showed outstanding electrochemical performance when operated in pure oxygen and even in an air atmosphere: a long life span of 128 cycles in oxygen atmosphere and 20 cycles in air atmosphere under the limited capacity mode of 1000 mA h g<SUP>−1</SUP>. The obtained excellent performance of the Li-air cell employing the PLE is attributed to the effective suppression of the Li dendrite growth and electrolyte decomposition with the presence of LiPON/A-LLTO. In addition, dense LiPON/A-LLTO completely protected the Li metal electrode from the penetration of oxygen, moisture, and other contaminants which can degrade the Li metal electrode.</P>
Le, Hang T.T.,Kalubarme, Ramchandra S.,Ngo, Duc Tung,Jang, Seong-Yong,Jung, Kyu-Nam,Shin, Kyoung-Hee,Park, Chan- Jin Elsevier 2015 Journal of Power Sources Vol.274 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Aluminium doped lithium lanthanum titanate (A-LLTO) powders with various excess Li<SUB>2</SUB>O content are synthesized using a simple citrate gel method. The obtained A-LLTO powders show an agglomerated form, composed of nano-sized particles of 20–50 nm. The morphology and conductivity of the A-LLTO ceramics are largely affected by the content of excess Li<SUB>2</SUB>O. The highest total ionic conductivity of 3.17 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP> S cm<SUP>−1</SUP> is achieved for the A-LLTO sample containing 20% excess Li<SUB>2</SUB>O, exhibiting a vacancy content of 6%, and a total activation energy of 0.358 eV. The A-LLTO can act as a membrane to protect lithium metal from oxygen and other contaminants diffused through the oxygen electrode part. The Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> cell employing the A-LLTO solid electrolyte shows a good cycle life of longer than 100 discharge-charge cycles, under the constant capacity mode of 300 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A perovskite-type aluminium-doped lithium lanthanum (A-LLTO) solid electrolyte is prepared. </LI> <LI> The A-LLTO ceramic exhibits a high total ionic conductivity of 3.17 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP> S cm<SUP>−1</SUP> at 25 °C. </LI> <LI> The non-aqueous lithium–oxygen battery employing the A-LLTO ceramic electrolyte exhibits good cyclability. </LI> <LI> The A-LLTO solid electrolyte protects lithium metal electrode from penetration of oxygen and contaminants from the oxygen electrode part. </LI> </UL> </P>
Le, Hang T. T.,Kalubarme, Ramchandra S.,Ngo, Duc Tung,Jadhav, Harsharaj S.,Park, Chan-Jin The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.3 No.44
<P>Lithium ion conducting membranes are indispensable for building lithium-air (oxygen) batteries employing aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes for long-term operation. In this report, we present the high performance of non-aqueous lithium-air batteries, in which a bilayer lithium phosphorous oxynitride/aluminium substituted lithium lanthanum titanate solid electrolyte is employed as a protective layer for a lithium metal electrode and free carbon-manganese dioxide as the cathodic catalyst. Aluminium-doped lithium lanthanum titanate (A-LLTO) pellets were prepared using citrate-gel synthesis followed by pelletization and a sintering process. A thin lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) layer was then deposited on the A-LLTO using the sputtering method, which was used as a protective interlayer for separating A-LLTO ceramics from the Li metal electrode. With a high ionic conductivity of 2.25 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>S cm<SUP>−1</SUP>and a large electrochemical stability window of 0-5 V, the LiPON/A-LLTO ceramics showed promising feasibility as a stable solid electrolyte for application in Li-O2batteries. The aprotic Li-O2cell containing the Li metal electrode protected by LiPON/A-LLTO exhibited excellent charge-discharge cycling stability with a long life span of 128 cycles under the limited capacity mode of 1000 mA h g<SUP>−1</SUP>. After the cycling test, the LiPON/A-LLTO ceramics retained a high ion conductivity of 1.65 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>S cm<SUP>−1</SUP>. In addition, with the introduction of LiPON/A-LLTO, the Li dendrite growth and electrolyte decomposition are effectively suppressed.</P>
Le, Hang T. T.,Ngo, Duc Tung,Kalubarme, Ramchandra S.,Cao, Guozhong,Park, Choong-Nyeon,Park, Chan-Jin American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.32
<P>A composite gel polymer electrolyte (CGPE) based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) polymer that includes Al-doped Li0.33La0.56TiO3 (A-LLTO) particles covered with a modified SiO2 (m-SiO2) layer was fabricated through a simple solution-casting method followed by activation in a liquid electrolyte. The obtained CGPE possessed high ionic conductivity, a large electrochemical stability window, and interfacial stability all superior to that of the pure gel polymer electrolyte (GPE). In addition, under a highly polarized condition, the CGPE effectively suppressed the growth of Li dendrites due to the improved hardness of the GPE by the addition of inorganic ALLTO/m-SiO2 particles. Accordingly, the Li-ion polymer and Li-O-2 cells employing the CGPE exhibited remarkably improved cyclability compared to cells without CGPE. In particular, the CGPE as a protection layer for the Li metal electrode in a Li-O-2 cell was effective in blocking the contamination of the Li electrode by oxygen gas or impurities diffused dendrites. from the cathode side while suppressing the Li</P>
Hang T. Dao,George A.C. Beattie,Gillian W. Watson,Van Lam Pham,Van Liem Nguyen,Duc Khanh Le,Thi Hoa Nguyen,Viet Nguyen,Paul Holford 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1
Armoured scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) belong to the largest scale insect family and are among the mostinvasive insects in the world. Accurate identification of armoured scales is essential for systematic and phylogeneticstudies; biogeography; trade and plant quarantine; and pest management, particularly biological control. Several species are serious pests of citrus. Records of past field surveys conducted in Viet Nam between 1967 and2010 indicated the presence of 28 species on citrus there. Discrepancies in these records, and the retention ofspecimens of only five species in collections, led us to undertake surveys throughout the citrus-growing regionsof the country in 2013 and 2014 to verify previous records and conserve voucher specimens. The presence of 21diaspidid species was confirmed based on morphological and molecular data. The species observed werecommon but rarely abundant. Populations in commercial orchards may have been influenced by use of pesticides,but most species were recorded also in gardens and orchards where pesticide use was uncommon. Naturalenemies were abundant, but were not thoroughly documented for all the diaspidids we observed. An identificationkey to the species collected is provided. Differences between our findings and previous records from VietNam, from Yunnan and Guangxi in China, and from Indochinese countries neighbouring Viet Nam, indicate theneed for extensive surveys to fully document the diaspidid fauna on citrus in the region.
Le, Hang T. T.,Ngo, Duc Tung,Didwal, Pravin N.,Fisher, John G.,Park, Choong-Nyeon,Kim, Il-Doo,Park, Chan-Jin The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.7 No.7
<P>The solid-state Li-O2 battery is considered an ideal candidate for high-performance energy storage because of its high safety, due to use of non-flammable and non-volatile electrolytes, and high specific energy, as it uses Li metal and O2 gas as active materials. We present an original solid-state Li-O2 cell composed of a Li metal anode, a flexible polymer interlayer, a perovskite-structured Al-doped Li-La-Ti-O (A-LLTO) solid electrolyte, and an integrated cathode in which a porous A-LLTO solid electrolyte frame was covered with a carbon layer and CoO nanoparticles as the catalyst for the cyclic oxygen evolution and reduction reactions. The designed solid-state cell operated safely in pure O2 atmosphere at temperatures from 25 °C to 100 °C and delivered the first discharge capacity from 796 mA h gC+CoO<SUP>−1</SUP> to 4035 mA h gC+CoO<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively, at a current density of 0.05 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. Notably, at 50 °C, the cell was maintained for 132 cycles under a limited capacity mode of 500 mA h gC+CoO<SUP>−1</SUP> at a high current density of 0.3 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, demonstrating the first step of success towards realizing Li batteries with high energy and cyclability, as well as safety.</P>