Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Psychological Effects of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Chinese Young Adults

Hui Jie Hu,Zhen Wei Zhang,Yu Liang,Yan Yan Luo,Qi Feng Dou,Cui Ping Song,Hui Min Zhang,Ying Zhao,Guang Run Tian,Ke Zhang,Qiu Fang Mao,Jing Gui Song,Soren Rittig,Jian Guo Wen 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2021 International Neurourology Journal Vol.25 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) on physical and mental health in young adults in mainland China. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information including the sociodemographic characteristics, history of PNE, family history, daytime voiding symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 22,500 university students from 23 provinces and 368 cities in mainland China were included. Results: In total, 21,082 questionnaires were collected, and 20,345 of them qualified for statistical analysis. The PNE prevalence was 1.17%, and the distribution of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) was 66.1% and 33.9%, respectively. In total, 28% of respondents with PNE reported bedwetting daily, 31.6% between 1 and 7 times weekly, and 40.4% between 1 and 4 times monthly; 80% of PNE cases had no history of treatment. The prevalence of PNE in patients with a family history, frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, and recurrent urinary tract infections was significantly higher than in those without these conditions (P<0.001). PNE was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (sleep quality) (P=0.011). The SES score was lower and the SDS was higher (P<0.001) in the PNE group than in those without PNE. Conclusions: In mainland China, the PNE prevalence among young adults was found to be high, and PNE had significant effects on physical and mental health. Risk factors included a family history, daytime voiding symptoms, and lack of treatment.

Implementation of Non-Local Multi-Qubit CNOT Operation with Multi-Qubit GHZ States

Yan-Hui Zhou,Xiao-Qiang Shao,Chun-Jiao Yang,Shou Zhang,연규황 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.2

A scheme is proposed to implement a non-local controlled-not (CNOT) operation with two control qubits and two target qubits, where two three-particle Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and eight cbits (bits of classical communication) are needed. The scheme can also be generalized straightforwardly to implement a non-local multi-qubit operation with M control qubits and N target qubits.

A Study of English Writing and Domain-Specific Motivation and Self-Efficacy of Chinese EFL Learners

( Yan Yan Zhang ),( Hui Guo ) 범태평양응용언어학회 2012 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This paper aims to analyze the relationships between English writing and domain-specific motivation and self-efficacy of Chinese EFL learners. 66 English major students from two grades were invited as participants to complete a writing task and two self-designed questionnaires on English writing motivation and self-efficacy, respectively. It was found that the students were largely not self-efficacious with respect to English writing although they had a relatively high motivation for English writing. The results of correlation analyses indicated that English writing motivation, self-efficacy and English writing proficiency positively and significantly correlated with each other for English major freshmen, but not for sophomores. Moreover, the two groups of students differed significantly in terms of English writing proficiency, English writing self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation. These results are partially consistent with those of the previous research and have important implications for the teaching of English writing in EFL countries.

From Self-Innovation to International Standardization: A Case Study of TD-SCDMA in China

Yan Hui 서울대학교 경제연구소 2013 Seoul journal of economics Vol.26 No.1

Time Division Synchronous Address (TD-SCDMA ) is one of three 3G standards in China, the two others being Wideband Code Division Synchronous Address (WCDMA) from Europe and Code Division Synchronous Address (CDMA2000) from the US. TD-SCDMA is a Chinese-developed standard currently applied only in the Chinese market. From the very beginning, TD-SCDMA has caught tremendous attention. As a government-led standardization, it demands continuous technical progress, industry accumulation, and national confidence. At the time of its inception, China was not yet the second largest economy in the world; furthermore, as a developing country and technology latecomer, it faced many difficulties and challenges. Thus, it is interesting to note how the Chinese government reached the decision to apply standardization and prepare the relevant conditions to fully commercialize TD-SCDMA in China. After five years of TD-SCDMA application, more information has become available to help answer the questions above. Thus, in the current paper, we introduce the evolution of TD-SCDMA, from its very early stage technology to a standard approved by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), until its first launch during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The paper provides arguments and evidence to show that TD-SCDMA is a successful case because it has been selected by the ITU as one of the 3G standards for commercial application, even though it is a standard used only domestically in a country, which is considered a technology latecomer with low technological capabilities.

Two terpenoids activates close mating behavior and enhances trap efficiency of sex pheromone of Grapholita molesta

Hui-Ming Xiang,Zhen Chen,Xian-Wei Li,Yan-Qiong Guo,Xian-Chun li,Rui-Yan Ma 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.4

Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a notorious pest of many Rosaceae crops worldwide. Enhancement of trap efficiency of its sex pheromone was devised by addition of E-β-ocimene and E-β-farnesene. The addition of E-β-ocimene or E-β-farnesene to sex pheromone increased electroantennogram response of male G. molesta compared to sex pheromone alone. Blend of pheromone and E-β-ocimene or E-β-farnesene in 1:0.1 increased the upwind flight and landing behaviors. Furthermore, field experiments showed that sex lures with Eβ-ocimene, or /and E-β-farnesene, enhanced trapping efficiency compared to sex pheromone alone. These results may provide the basis for the development of efficient pest management systems against G. molesta using plant volatiles and insect sex pheromones.

Monosaccharide as a Central Scaffold Toward the Construction of Salicylate-Based Bidentate PTP1B Inhibitors via Click Chemistry

Yan-Hui Tang,Min Hu,Xiao-Peng He,Sando Fahnbulleh,Cui Li,Li-Xin Gao,Li Sheng,Yun Tang,Jia Li,Guo-Rong Chen 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.3

The discovery of carbohydrate-based bioactive compounds has recently received considerable interest in the drug development. This paper stresses on the application of 1-methoxy-O-glucoside as the central scaffold,whereas salicylic pharmacophores were introduced with diverse spatial orientations probing into the structural preference of an enzymatic target, i.e. protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). By employing regioselective protection and deprotection strategy, 2,6-, 3,4-, 4,6- and 2,3-di-O-propynyl 1-methoxy-O-glucosides were previously synthesized and then coupled with azido salicylate via click chemistry in forming the desired bidentate salicylic glucosides with high yields. The inhibitory assay of the obtained triazolyl derivatives leads to the identification of the 2,3-disubstituted salicylic 1-methoxy-O-glucoside as the structurally privileged PTP1B inhibitor among this bidentate compound series with micromole-ranged IC50 value and reasonable selectivity over other homologous PTPs tested. In addition, docking simulation was conducted to propose a plausible binding mode of this authorized inhibitor with PTP1B. This research might furnish new insight toward the construction of structurally different bioactive compounds based on the monosaccharide scaffold.

Sensory involvement in the SOD1-G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Yan-Su Guo,Dong-Xia Wu,Hong-Ran Wu,Shu-Yu Wu,Cheng Yang,Bin Li,Hui Bu,Yue-sheng Zhang,Chun-Yan Li 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.3

A subset of patients of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) present with mutation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and such mutants caused an ALSlike disorder when expressed in rodents. These findings implicated SOD1 in ALS pathogenesis and made the transgenic animals a widely used ALS model. However, previous studies of these animals have focused largely on motor neuron damage. We report herein that the spinal cords of mice expressing a human SOD1 mutant (hSOD1-G93A), besides showing typical destruction of motor neurons and axons, exhibit significant damage in the sensory system, including Wallerian-like degeneration in axons of dorsal root and dorsal funiculus, and mitochondrial damage in dorsal root ganglia neurons. Thus, hSOD1-G93A mutation causes both motor and sensory neuropathies, and as such the disease developed in the transgenic mice very closely resembles human ALS. A subset of patients of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) present with mutation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and such mutants caused an ALSlike disorder when expressed in rodents. These findings implicated SOD1 in ALS pathogenesis and made the transgenic animals a widely used ALS model. However, previous studies of these animals have focused largely on motor neuron damage. We report herein that the spinal cords of mice expressing a human SOD1 mutant (hSOD1-G93A), besides showing typical destruction of motor neurons and axons, exhibit significant damage in the sensory system, including Wallerian-like degeneration in axons of dorsal root and dorsal funiculus, and mitochondrial damage in dorsal root ganglia neurons. Thus, hSOD1-G93A mutation causes both motor and sensory neuropathies, and as such the disease developed in the transgenic mice very closely resembles human ALS.

Zeolite-catalyzed Isomerization of 1-Hexene to trans-2-Hexene: An ONIOM Study

Yan-Feng Li,Ji-Qin Zhu,Peng He,Peng Wang,Hui-Ping Tian,Hui Liu 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.6

Details of the double-bond isomerization of 1-hexene over H-ZSM-5 were clarified using density functional theory. It is found that the reaction proceeds by a mechanism which involves the Brønsted acid part of the zeolite solely. According to this mechanism, 1-hexene is first physically adsorbed on the acidic site, and then,the acidic proton transfers to one carbon atom of the double bond, while the other carbon atom of the double bond bonds with the Brønsted host oxygen, yielding a stable alkoxy intermediate. Thereafter, the Brønsted host oxygen abstracts a hydrogen atom from the C_6H_13 fragment and the C.O bond is broken, restoring the acidic site and yielding trans-2-hexene. The calculated activation barrier is 12.65 kcal/mol, which is in good agreement with the experimental value. These results well explain the energetic aspects during the course of double-bond isomerization and extend the understanding of the nature of the zeolite active sites.

Casein Kinase 2 interacts with human mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase MSK1 and phosphorylates it at Multiple sites

( Yan Shi ),( Guang Hui Han ),( Hui Ling Wu ),( Kan Ye ),( Zhi Peng Tian ),( Jia Qi Wang ),( Hui Li Shi ),( Ming Liang Ye ),( Han Fa Zou ),( Ke Ke Huo ) 생화학분자생물학회 2009 BMB Reports Vol.42 No.12

Universally Composable Attribute-based Group Key Exchange

Hui Xie,Yongjie Yan,Sihui Shu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.1

Several protocols implementing attribute-based group key exchange, which allows users with certain set of attributes to establish a session key, have been proposed in recent years. However, attacks on attribute-based group key exchange in current research have been considered only in stand-alone fashion. Thus these protocols may be vulnerable when run with other protocol sessions concurrently. We treat the security of attribute-based group key exchange in the universal composability framework to ensure that a protocol remains secure when run with arbitrary protocol sessions concurrently. More specifically, we define an ideal functionality for attribute-based group key exchange first, then propose a two-round protocol based on a primitive called encapsulation policy attribute-based key encapsulation mechanism. In addition, a complete security proof of our protocol in the universal composability framework under random oracle model is given.