Tongue features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Wentai Pang,Dong Zhang,Junhua Zhang,Nan Li,Wenke Zheng,Hui Wang,ChunxiangLiu,Fengwen Yang,Pang Bo 한국한의학연구원 2020 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.9 No.3

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Tongue features should be referred for diagnosis and treatment of diseases in TCM. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the tongue features of the patients suffered from COVID-19. Methods: COVID-19 Symptom Database (established by Evidence-based Medicine Center of Tianjin University of TCM) was searched for eligible tongue pictures. The tongue pictures were assessed by TCM experts to extract the data of tongue color, coating color, tongue body shape and coating proper feature. The relationship between tongue features and patient’s condition was analyzed. Results: Patients diagnosed as mild and moderate COVID-19 commonly had light red tongue and white coating. Severe patients had purple tongue and yellow coating. The proportion of critical patients with tender tongue increased to 75%. Greasy coating was a significant characteristic of patients with COVID-19. The proportions of greasy coating were 53.3%, 73.3%, 83.6% and 87.5% in disease category of mild, moderate, severe and critical. In addition, the thick coating proportion increased from mild (24.9%) to critical (50.0%). Conclusions: Tongue features have certain relationship with the category of COVID-19. Tongue features can serve as potential indicators for the evaluation of patient’s condition and prognosis. Further studies are needed to enhance the quantification of tongue features and develop standards.

사이버공간의 소수적인 문화를 위하여 - ‘사이버 폐인’들의 다르게 정치하기

방희경(Pang Hui-kyong) 한국사회조사연구소 2006 사회연구 Vol.- No.11

  이 연구는 사이버 민주주의 논의 안에 욕망의 흐름을 포착하는 소수문화 개념을 위치시킴으로써 사이버 민주주의 논의의 영역을 확대하고자 하였다. 사이버공간의 ‘익명성’이라는 특성은 인간의 욕망을 보다 자유롭게 분출할 수 있도록 하는 조건이 될 수 있음에도, 기존에 사이버 공간에 접근한 논의들은 ‘이성적인 대화와 토론’에 초점을 두며, ‘숙의’를 위한 공론장의 역할을 기대해왔다. 이러한 문제의식 속에서 이 연구는, 새로운 정치적 면모를 보여주고 있는 "디시폐인"을 연구 대상으로 선정하였다. 연구 대상의 선정 이유는, 디시폐인들의 문화적 실천이 ‘이성의 영역’보다는 ‘즐거움’과 ‘욕망’의 영역에서 설명될 수 있었기 때문이며, 그 안에서 새로운 정치적 면모를 보여주고 있었기 때문이다. 디시폐인들은 다양한 텍스트들을 생산하고 거기에서 즐거움을 발생시키는데, 이는 기획되어 있는 문화적 형식을 수동적으로 받아들인 것이 아니라 자발적인 욕망을 발현시킨 것이다. 디시페인들은 사이버 상에서의 새로운 놀이문화의 개발하고 이를 새로운 형태의 정치적 행위에 접목시켜왔다. 이들이 만든 ‘상징체계’와 ‘이미지’들은 인터넷에서 제기되는 사회적 의제들을 뒷받침하는 컨텐츠로 사용되어 왔으며, 2003년 미군에 의한 여중생 사망사건 등과 관련된 촛불시위와 리본시위에 주도적으로 참여하였다. 이때 사이버 공간에서는 ‘다수적’ 척도에 대응하여 ‘소수적’ 입장을 제시하는 이미지 전쟁을 벌이기도 했다. 결국 사이버 공간에서 정치적 실천의 가능성은 합리적이고 이성적인 질서에 따른 성숙된 토론 문화 속에서만 발견할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 욕망과 즐거움을 향한 움직임들 속에서도 발견될 수 있다.   This thesis attempts to extend the terrain of current debate on cyber democracy by identifying the practices of the minority culture rupturing spontaneous desire. The character of cyberspace as anonymity can be a condition that enables the desire of human mind to spread more freely. The political movement of minority culture practiced by the spread of desire may also be different from the expectations of the existing arguments of cyberspace. With that point in mind, this thesis centers around the minority culture of ‘DC Pe-in(s)’, one of many Cyber Pe-in(s), or "cyber addicts". They improve their self-confidence through developing their interest by corresponding thoughts with online peers, and by partaking in organized social activities online. They have also convinced many non-Pe-ins of their importance in society by participating in the candle demonstration actively and collectively. The most significant meaning of the advent of this new type of culture is that this new brand of people exhibit new political aspects. Consequently, the potential of political movement in cyber space can be found not only in mature discussion culture, but also in casual meeting of variations; in activities aimed at fun and pleasure.

Effects of tooth crack on vibration responses of a profile shifted gear rotor system

Hui Ma,Ranjiao Feng,Xu Pang,Rongze Song,Bang-chun Wen 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.10

Considering the effects of profile shift and tooth crack, Time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) is determined based on an analyticalmodel and the result accuracy is also verified by Finite element (FE) model. Then, by introducing TVMS into the FE model of a gearrotor system, the combined effects of profile shifted gear pair under positive, negative and zero gear transmission conditions and toothcrack on the system vibration responses are analyzed. The time-domain waveform, frequency spectrum and instantaneous energy at aconstant rotational speed are used to indicate the crack feature, and the amplitude frequency response is adopted to display the crackinducedresponse change. The results show that different modification conditions have great influences on the TVMS due to the changeof contact ratio and tooth thickness. The sideband frequency and instantaneous energy both can be adopted to diagnose the tooth crackand evaluate crack levels, and the latter is more sensitive than the former. The amplitude frequency responses of profile shifted gear undersmall crack condition show slight change compared with those of normal gear, and the change of acceleration is more obvious thanthat of displacement.

Gallic Acid Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment Caused by Sleep Deprivation through Antioxidant Effect

Pang Xiaogang,Xu Yifan,Xie Shuoxin,Zhang Tianshu,Cong Lin,Qi Yuchen,Liu Lubing,Li Qingjun,Mo Mei,Wang Guimei,Du Xiuwei,Shen Hui,Li Yuanyuan 한국뇌신경과학회 2023 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.32 No.4

Sleep deprivation (SD) has a profound impact on the central nervous system, resulting in an array of mood disorders, including depression and anxiety. Despite this, the dynamic alterations in neuronal activity during sleep deprivation have not been extensively investigated. While some researchers propose that sleep deprivation diminishes neuronal activity, thereby leading to depression. Others argue that short-term sleep deprivation enhances neuronal activity and dendritic spine density, potentially yielding antidepressant effects. In this study, a two-photon microscope was utilized to examine the calcium transients of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neurons in awake SD mice in vivo at 24-hour intervals. It was observed that SD reduced the frequency and amplitude of Ca2+ transients while increasing the proportions of inactive neurons. Following the cessation of sleep deprivation, neuronal calcium transients demonstrated a gradual recovery. Moreover, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed a significant decrease in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic current (sEPSC) after SD. The investigation also assessed several oxidative stress parameters, finding that sleep deprivation substantially elevated the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), while simultaneously decreasing the expression of Nuclear Factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) and activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ACC. Importantly, the administration of gallic acid (GA) notably mitigated the decline of calcium transients in ACC neurons. GA was also shown to alleviate oxidative stress in the brain and improve cognitive impairment caused by sleep deprivation. These findings indicate that the calcium transients of ACC neurons experience a continuous decline during sleep deprivation, a process that is reversible. GA may serve as a potential candidate agent for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation.

Evidence for the medicinal value of Squama Manitis (pangolin scale): A systematic review

Xinyao Jin,Hui Zi Chua,Keyi Wang,Nan Li,Wenke Zheng,Wentai Pang,Fengwen Yang,Bo Pang,Mingyan Zhang,Junhua Zhang 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.1

Background: Squama Manitis (pangolin scale) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. However, its efficacy has not been systematically reviewed. This review aims to fill the gap. Methods: We searched six electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), WanFang Database and SinoMed from inception to May 1, 2020. Search terms included “pangolin”, “Squama Manitis”, “Manis crassicaudata”, “Manis javanica”, “Malayan pangolins”, “Manis pentadactyla”, “Ling Li”, “Chuan Shan Jia”, “Shan Jia”, “Pao Jia Zhu”, “Jia Pian” and “Pao Shan Jia”. The Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) assessment tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to evaluate the risk of bias of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case control studies (CCSs). Results: After screening, 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria were finally included. There were 4 randomized controlled trials, 1 case control study, 3 case series and 7 case reports. A total of 15 different diseases were reported in these studies, thus the data could not be merged to generate powerful results. Two RCTs suggested that Squama Manitis combined with herbal decoction or antibiotics could bring additional benifit for treating postpartum hypogalactia and mesenteric lymphadenitis. However, this result was not reliable due to low methodological quality and irrational outcomes. The other two RCTs generated negative results. All the non-RCTs did not add any valuable evidence to the efficacy of Squama Manitis beacause of small samples, incomplete records, non-standardized outcome detection. In general, currently available evidence cannot support the clinical use of Squama Manitis. Conclusion: There is no reliable evidence that Squama Manitis has special medicinal value. The removal of Squama Manitis from Pharmacopoeia is rational.

Cholinesterase inhibitory activities of neuroprotective fraction derived from red alga Gracilaria manilaensis

Jun-Rui Pang,Sher-Wei How,Kah-Hui Wong,Siew-Huah Lim,Siew-Moi Phang,Yoon-Yen Yow 한국수산과학회 2022 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.25 No.2

Anti-cholinesterase (ChE)s are commonly prescribed as the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. They are applied to prevent the breakdown of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) that bind to muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in the synaptic cleft. Seaweeds are one of the richest sources of bioactive compounds for both nutraceuticals and pharmacognosy applications. This study aimed to determine the anti-ChEs activity of Gracilaria manilaensis, one of the red seaweeds notables for its economic importance as food and raw materials for agar production. Methanol extracts (GMM) of G. manilaensis were prepared through maceration, and further purified with column chromatography into a semi-pure fraction. Ellman assay was carried out to determine the anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and anti-butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities of extracts and fractions. Lineweaver- Burk plot analysis was carried out to determine the inhibition kinetic of potent extract and fraction. Major compound(s) from the most potent fraction was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). GMM and fraction G (GMMG) showed significant inhibitory activity AChE with EC50 of 2.6 mg/mL and 2.3 mg/mL respectively. GMM and GMMG exhibit mixed-inhibition and uncompetitive inhibition respectively against AChE. GMMG possesses neuroprotective compounds such as cynerine A, graveolinine, militarinone A, eplerenone and curumenol. These findings showed a promising insight of G. manilaensis to be served as a nutraceutical for neuronal health care in the future.

State‑of‑charge estimation for lithium‑ion battery based on PNGV model and particle filter algorithm

Yuanfei Geng,Hui Pang,Xiaofei Liu 전력전자학회 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.7

The accurate state-of-charge (SOC) estimation for lithium-ion battery (LIB) cells and packs plays an important role in fulfilling efficient battery management. However, some estimation errors of LIB states and SOC are often encountered when using the conventional battery model and filter algorithms. Thus, this paper explores a SOC estimation method of LIB based on an improved partnership for a new generation of vehicle (PNGV) model and particle filter (PF) algorithm. First, a second-order PNGV model is constructed, and the effect of different SOC interval changes on battery model parameters is considered. Then, the improved PNGV model-based PF algorithm is employed to realize the real-time estimation of battery SOC. Finally, the proposed SOC estimation method is validated under constant current and dynamic urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) conditions. Results show that the improved PNGV model of LIB integration with the PF algorithm can considerably enhance the accuracy of SOC estimation. Compared to the conventional PNGV model-based PF algorithm, the mean absolute error and root mean squared error of SOC estimation errors are, respectively, reduced by approximately 32.7% and 32.5% under the 0.5C rate discharge and UDDS conditions.

목재제품 규격,품질 표시제도 국내 도입과 정착을 위한 제언

김윤희 ( Yun Hui Kim ),여환명 ( Hwan Myeong Yeo ),방성준 ( Sung Jun Pang ),양상윤 ( Sang Yun Yang ),강승모 ( Sung Mo Kang ),황권환 ( Kweon Hwan Hwang ) 한국목재공학회 2013 목재공학 Vol.41 No.3

목재산업은 녹색성장과 더불어 한국의 차세대 성장동력으로써 주목받고 있다. 또한, 지속적인 목재의 이용과 목재산업의 활성화를 위하여 「목재의 지속가능한 이용에 관한 법률」이 2012년 제정되었다. 자연으로부터 얻어진 목재자원의 가치를 향상시키고 선순환 구조를 지닌 목재제품이용의 확대를 통해 지속적인 성장을 동반하기 위해서는 목재제품 품질관리가 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 국내외 목재제품의 규격·품질표시제도를 살펴보고 국내 목재산업에의 적용을 위한 방안을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 제재목을 중심으로 미국, 캐나다, 뉴질랜드와 일본의 규격·품질표시제도의 운영현황에 대하여 조사하였으며 목재제품에 대한 규격·품질표시제도는 시스템 진화를 통해 생산자의 자발적 참여로 운영되는 제3자 인증제도로 발전됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 국내 목재제품의 규격·품질표시제도의 활성화를 위해서는 도입기에는 산림청 중심으로 일원화 시스템을 구축하여 조기정착을 유도하고 성장기 및 성숙기를 통해 인식구조 개선과 생산자의 자발적 참여를 위한 인센티브 개발 등의 기반을 마련하여 제3자 인증제도로 발전시켜야 할 것이다. Wood-based products market is new growth engine industry of “Green growth policy”, Korean government establiushed a law, sustainable use of wood, for expanding wood and wood-based products market in 2012. This study was conducted to seek sustainable measures for conservation and management of valuable natural resources, offer expanding quality assurance services for wood-based products, and explore measures for expanding wood-based products labeling system. Through discussed domestic and overseas trends and literatures that concern wood-based products labeling system and investigated case studies that were presently operational. For expanding quality assurance services of wood-based products, Korea Forest Service operates a wood-based products labeling system in integrated management through variety awareness and specialist assessment for each product This process will make enhanced wood-based products labeling system expanded gradually. To evolve into 3rd party quality assurance services on maturity age of labeling system, public communication will help improve awareness of producer and consumer. approprtate incentive program will attract voluntary participation from woodbased product industry. Producers consider environmental ethics in their business and consumer should exercise their right to know,

IMPROVING HABITAT OF FORMOSAN LANDLOCKED SALMON BY DAM REMOVAL

YEH CHAO-HSIEN,LIEN HUI-PANG 한국수자원학회 2005 한국수자원학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

Two type III polyketide synthases from Polygonum cuspidatum: gene structure, evolutionary route and metabolites

Guo, Yan-Wu,Guo, Hui-Li,Li, Xing,Huang, Li-Li,Zhang, Bo-Ning,Pang, Xiao-Bin,Liu, Ben-Ye,Ma, Lan-Qing,Wang, Hong 한국식물생명공학회 2013 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.7 No.3

In our recent work (Ma et al., in Planta 229(3):457-469, 2009a and 229(4):1077-1086, 2009b), two three-intron type III PKS genes, PcPKS1 and PcPKS2, were isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. Phylogenetic and functional analyses revealed PcPKS1 is a three-intron chalcone synthase (CHS) gene, and PcPKS2 is found to be a three-intron benzalacetone synthase (BAS) gene. The regular CHS encoded by a single intron gene have not been isolated and characterized from P. cuspidatum. In this work a further CHS with one intron (PcPKS3) and a stilbene synthase (STS) gene with three-intron (PcPKS5) were isolated and characterized by functional and phylogenetic analyses. In comparison with PcPKS1, a bifunctional enzyme with both CHS and BAS activity, the enzymatic product of recombinant PcPKS3 was naringenin, bis-noryangonin (BNY) and 4-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone (CTAL) occurred as side products. The PcPKS5 synthesized resveratrol and a trace amount of naringenin from p-coumaroyl-CoA. To our knowledge, PcPKS5 is the first reported three-intron STS gene in flowering plants. In this work, we speculated that this involved a possible evolutionary route of plant-specific type III PKS superfamily in P. cuspidatum.