Andrographolide induce human embryonic stem cell apoptosis by oxidative stress response

Huarong Huang,Huanhuan Cao,Chun Xing,Yunfen Hua,Ming Zhang,Lifang Jin 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2019 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.15 No.2

Backgrounds: The anti-inflammatory effect of andrographolide is widely accepted; however, its exact role in reproductive toxicity requires further elucidation. The embryonic stem cell test (EST) is a promising system for detecting the reproductive toxicity of drugs in vitro. In this study, we applied a prediction model to our EST data after classifying andrographolide according to published criteria. The possible mechanism of andrographolide reproductive toxicity was also studied. Methods: Reproductive toxicity of andrographolide was evaluated in vitro EST model and in vivo mouse model. Human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were cultured with different concentrations of andrographolide with or without N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Cell viability was assessed with MTT assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured with DCFH-DA assay. Gene and protein expression levels were measured with qRT-PCR and western-blot, respectively. Results: Results showed that andrographolide exhibited strong reproductive toxicity according to the prediction model of the EST and mouse studies. An increase in ROS levels, damage to mitochondrial membrane potential, and induction of caspase-3 were observed in the andrographolide-treated human ESCs. Scavenging of andrographolide-induced ROS by NAC blocked these activities. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and its target antioxidant genes were up-regulated after andrographolide treatment at certain concentrations. Furthermore, NAC treatment significantly increased the activity of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Conclusion: We demonstrated that andrographolide is a drug with strong reproductive toxicity, which resulted from ROS-mediated oxidative stress. In addition, the Nrf2 pathway appears to be involved in the NAC protection of human ESCs against andrographolide-induced cell apoptosis.

Core-shell structured quorum quenching beads for more sustainable anti-biofouling in membrane bioreactors

Yu, Huarong,Lee, Kibaek,Zhang, Xiaolei,Choo, Kwang-Ho Elsevier 2019 Water research Vol.150 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Efficient media designs for microbial quorum quenching (QQ) are essential to enable maximal biofouling control in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Here we introduce a novel, double-layered, biocarrier design, which has QQ bacteria in the shell layer with biostimulating agents in the core, for effective membrane biofouling control. Confining the biostimulant within dense polymer materials permits its controlled release over an extended period. The provision of the biostimulant from the core to the outer shell, where the QQ bacteria are encapsulated, facilitates their prolonged survival and active life. The core-shell structured QQ bead with the stimulant inside, which inhibits biofilm formation, shows the best fouling mitigation in laboratory testing of MBRs, while enhancing signal molecule degradation and lowering exopolymer secretion. This new, layered QQ bead, which has dual functions of bioaugmentation and biostimulation, supports a highly efficient and sustainable anti-biofouling strategy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new, core-shell structured quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria carrier is investigated. </LI> <LI> An outer layer encapsulates QQ bacteria, while a dense core contains a biostimulant. </LI> <LI> Controlled release of the biostimulant prolongs the activity and survival of the QQ bacteria. </LI> <LI> This layered structure enables highly efficient and sustainable biofouling control. </LI> <LI> The QQ medium demonstrates the combined effects of bioaugmention and biostimulation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

STUDIES ON THE STRAINS OF SHEATH BLIGHT PATHOGENS OF MAIN CEREAL CROPS IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

( Li Huarong,Wu Bangcheng,Yan Siqi ) 한국균학회 1995 95 SECOND JOINT SEIMINAR Vol.- No.-

In situ versus pre-quorum quenching of microbial signaling for enhanced biofouling control in membrane bioreactors

Yu, Huarong,Lee, Kibaek,Zhang, Xiaolei,Choo, Kwang-Ho Elsevier 2019 Journal of membrane science Vol.592 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The impact of the signal molecules present in the wastewater itself on membrane fouling in the membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been unexplored. This study investigates the contribution of these molecules to the degree of membrane fouling and the anti-fouling efficacy using two quorum quenching (QQ) strategies, namely in situ and pre-QQ. The results showed that wastewater generated a significant amount of signal molecules during its transport through the sewer system, exacerbating membrane fouling. In situ QQ implemented by the direct addition of QQ media (e.g., QQ beads) to the MBR reduced membrane fouling. Pre-QQ carried out by placing a QQ tank before the MBR mitigated fouling as much as in situ QQ. Splitting the QQ media into pre-QQ and in situ QQ was found to be more effective than dosing all of the QQ media into the MBR (i.e., in situ QQ alone). Model predictions successfully estimated the steady-state concentration of the signal molecules in the MBR.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pre- and in situ quorum quenching (QQ) strategies were investigated. </LI> <LI> Signal molecule concentration generated in the wastewater itself was substantive. </LI> <LI> Pre-QQ was as effective as in situ QQ in membrane fouling control. </LI> <LI> Combined QQ had the synergy in fouling control than single QQ alone. </LI> <LI> Successful model predictions on signal molecule levels were made. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Properties of ion temperature gradient and trapped electron modes in tokamak plasmas with inverted density profiles

Du, Huarong,Jhang, Hogun,Hahm, T. S.,Dong, J. Q.,Wang, Z. X. American Institute of Physics 2017 Physics of plasmas Vol.24 No.12

文学の「趣味主義者」梁啓超と日本語小說翻訳

陳華栄 ( Chen Huarong ) 동서대학교 일본연구센터 2020 次世代 人文社會硏究 Vol.16 No.-

梁啓超は、中国近代史における多くの政治事件に深く関わっていた政治的人物であり、彼の文学が政治思想と大きな関わりを持ち、明らかに政治性が強いということもあり、これまでの梁啓超の翻訳に対する先行硏究、特に彼が改革言論を鼓吹した時期と言われる日本滯在期間に翻訳した小說に対する硏究は、「文学救国」や啓蒙的意図などの政治的な要素に集中する傾向があると言われる。しかしながら、彼は多くの文章において、何度も自分が「趣味主義者」であることを主張し、「興味を持ってすること」と「することから面白みを味わうこと」を強調したことを踏まえれば、果たして彼の文学には啓蒙と政治の要素しかないと言い切れるだろうか。本論は梁啓超が書いた「趣味主義」に関する文章を踏まえたうえで、彼の日本語小說翻訳において、彼自身が強調していた「趣味」が実際にあったかどうかについて明らかにする。 As a political person concerned with many political cases in the Chinese modern history, it may be said that Liang Qichao's literature has a deep relation with his political thought. Additionally, the political characteristics are obviously in his translation. The conventional research about Liang Qichao's literature, particularly the research on the novels which he translated when he stayed in Japan was during a period said to be at the time that he strongly advocated to save the nation and enlighten the citizens through literature, and tended to concentrate on political elements. However, Liang Qichao has wrote many articles about taste, which emphasized that he was a man who attached great importance to interest, and advocated that he was very interested in everything that he did and drew enjoyment from his work. Based on his view, the conclusion that there are only political factors in his translation, becomes a contradiction. Based on his articles on interest and fun, this paper attempts to analyze whether there are factors of interest and fun besides political factors in his Japanese novel translation.

Quorum sensing and quenching in membrane bioreactors: Opportunities and challenges for biofouling control

Lee, Kibaek,Yu, Huarong,Zhang, Xiaolei,Choo, Kwang-Ho Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.270 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Membrane biofouling, due to biofilm growth after planktonic bacteria attachment to a membrane, is a major bottleneck limiting the energy-efficient operation and maintenance of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Microbial communications, known as quorum sensing (QS), are responsible for this biofouling behavior. Novel strategies for stopping this communication, known as quorum quenching (QQ), appear to be successful for biofouling control in MBRs used for wastewater treatment. This review describes recent information regarding the signal molecules and mechanisms responsible for QS behaviors, promising approaches for QQ (enzymatic, bacterial, fungal, photocatalytic, mimicking, and biostimulating methods), and efficient fabrication and use of QQ media for MBR applications. We discuss the opportunities and challenges of QQ techniques for their further improvement and practical use in MBRs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Membrane bioreactors exhibit unavoidable fouling caused by microbial complexes. </LI> <LI> Microbial chatting is mediated via signaling molecules within and between species. </LI> <LI> Quorum sensing induces biofilm formation leading to membrane biofouling. </LI> <LI> Quorum quenching is a novel, innovative strategy for biofouling control. </LI> <LI> Engineering studies have developed efficient media designs, storage, and doses. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Linear active disturbance rejection control with torque compensation for electric load simulator

Liu, Haitao,Liu, Huarong,Shan, Xianlei The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.1

This study proposes a design of an inner control loop for the load torque control of an electric load simulator (ELS), which is specifically designed to simulate load torque (i.e., load) for mechanical equipment. By mainly drawing on linear active disturbance rejection control, a mechatronic model-based inner loop controller of ELS is designed using measured torque to reduce the complexity of the estimator. A phase-locked loop observer is introduced to suppress the negative effects of the measurement error, thereby resulting in good performance for surplus torque suppression and the dynamic behavior of the control system. Simulations and experiments on a prototype machine are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

Profiles of gene family members related to carotenoid accumulation in citrus genus

Xu Wei,Hao Hu,Huarong Tong,Frederick G. Gmitter Jr. 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.1

Citrus fruit are an important reservoir of carotenoids. Numerous studies have been carried out to identify and profile the members of gene families involved in carotenoid biosynthetic pathway to explain the diversity of coloration in citrus fruit. It was found that gene expression analysis could not always explain the changes in carotenoid content and composition, indicating that other unknown genes and mechanisms should be operative. This review summarizes and updates the current knowledge on gene families involved in the citrus carotenoid biosynthetic pathway and their roles on the regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis, as well as provides insightful questions leading to future experimentation.

Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the Ba0.92Ca0.08Ti0.95Zr0.05O3 thin films grown on different substrate

Wei Li,Jigong Hao,Huarong Zeng,Jiwei Zhai 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.7

Lead free Ba0.92Ca0.08Ti0.95Zr0.05O3 (BCZT) thin films were deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si and LaNiO3(LNO)/Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by a solegel processing technique, respectively. The effects of substrate on structure,dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated in detail. The BCZT thin films deposited on LNO/Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates exhibit (100) orientation, larger grain size and higher dielectric tunability (64%). The BCZT thin films deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si exhibit (110) orientation, higher Curie temperature (75 ℃),better piezoelectric property (d33 of 50 pm/V) and lower dielectric loss (0.02). The differences in dielectric and piezoelectric properties in the two kinds of oriented BCZT films should be attributed to the difference of structure, in-plane stress and polarization rotation in orientation engineered BCZT films.