Associations of Plasma Glucagon Levels with Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, Albuminuria and Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Hua-Xing Huang,Liang-Lan Shen,Hai-Yan Huang,Li-Hua Zhao,Feng Xu,Dong-Mei Zhang,Xiu-Lin Zhang,Tong Chen,Xue-Qin Wang,Yan Xie,Jian-Bin Su 대한당뇨병학회 2021 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.45 No.6

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by elevated fasting glucagon and impaired suppression of postprandial glucagon secretion, which may participate in diabetic complications. Therefore, we investigated the associations of plasma glucagon with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in T2DM patients.Methods: Fasting glucagon and postchallenge glucagon (assessed by area under the glucagon curve [AUCgla]) levels were determined during oral glucose tolerance tests. Patients with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g who presented with diabetic retinopathy were identified as having DKD.Results: Of the 2,436 recruited patients, fasting glucagon was correlated with eGFR and UACR (r=–0.112 and r=0.157, respectively; P<0.001), and AUCgla was also correlated with eGFR and UACR (r=–0.267 and r=0.234, respectively; P<0.001). Moreover, 31.7% (n=771) presented with DKD; the prevalence of DKD was 27.3%, 27.6%, 32.5%, and 39.2% in the first (Q1), second (Q2), third (Q3), and fourth quartile (Q4) of fasting glucagon, respectively; and the corresponding prevalence for AUCgla was 25.9%, 22.7%, 33.7%, and 44.4%, respectively. Furthermore, after adjusting for other clinical covariates, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs; 95% confidence intervals) for DKD in Q2, Q3, and Q4 versus Q1 of fasting glucagon were 0.946 (0.697 to 1.284), 1.209 (0.895 to 1.634), and 1.521 (1.129 to 2.049), respectively; the corresponding ORs of AUCgla were 0.825 (0.611 to 1.114), 1.323 (0.989 to 1.769), and 2.066 (1.546 to 2.760), respectively. Additionally, when we restricted our analysis in patients with glycosylated hemoglobin <7.0% (n=471), we found fasting glucagon and AUCgla were still independently associated with DKD.Conclusion: Both increased fasting and postchallenge glucagon levels were independently associated with DKD in T2DM patients.

Ten Years of Tutoring in Shadow Education: A Narrative Inquiry into Industry Features and Evolution in China

Bin Hua,Kevin Wai Ho Yung 아시아질적탐구학회 2022 아시아질적탐구 Vol.1 No.1

The modernized private tutoring in China appeared in the 1990s and then grew at full speed to become one of the world’s most extensive shadow education systems. Since 2010, the industry has entered an era of deepening institutionalization and capitalization. This paper, through the narrative of an expert tutor, illuminates his experiences of tutoring and managing in this industry from 2010 to 2020 in Mainland China. The narrative was constructed through the tutor’s chronological reflection, which was stimulated by various electronic files he produced during the tutoring period and his ongoing conversations with former colleagues. In making sense of his narrative, the researchers have discussed a neglected phenomenon, three shining points, six gray areas, and four developmental stages of shadow education to demonstrate the industry features and evolution. Through discussing these issues, this paper finds its originality in illustrating at a micro level the industry’s operational mechanism, such as tutor training, curriculum, instruction, and after-class management, from a unique perspective of a tutoring practitioner and entrepreneur.

Continuous Conversion of Rice Starch Hydrolysate to 2-keto-D-gluconic Acid by Arthrobacter globiformis C224

Wen-Hua Teng,Wen-Jing Sun,Bin Yu,Fengjie Cui,Jing-Ya Qian,Jingze Liu,Liang Wang,Xiang-Hui Qi,Hua Wei 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.4

A continuous conversion process of rice starch hydrolysate to 2-keto-D-gluconic acid (2KGA) by Arthrobacter globiformis C224 was developed. Its feasibility for industrial application was also evaluated. Results showed that the initial cell concentration exceeding 1.25 g/L met the continuous 2KGA production at a stable dilution rate and media composition, while the dilution rate and feeding glucose concentration had a significant effect on 2KGA production performance. The optimal operating parameters were obtained as: 0.090/h of dilution rate and 171.0 g/L of feeding glucose concentration. Under these conditions, the steady state had a produced 2KGA concentration of 124.74 g/L, average volumetric productivity of 11.23 g/L/h,and yield of 0.97 g/g. In conclusion, continuous 2KGA production by the A. globiformis C224 strain would be a superior industrial process for the production of 2KGA in terms of its high 2KGA productivity and yield.

A New Rhodamine-based Fluorescent Probe for the Discrimination of Fe3+ from Fe2+

Qi-Hua You,Hua-Bin Huang,Zhi-Xia Zhuang,Xiao-Ru Wang,Wing-Hong Chan 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.11

A new rhodamine-based fluorescent probe for the discrimination of Fe3+ from Fe2+ has been designed and investigated. The probe shows an immediate visual color change in response to Fe3+ and Cu2+, while only Fe3+ triggers the fluorescent change of the probe. The existence of large amount of other metal ions shows negligible interference in the detection of Fe3+. The association constant Kass of 4.64 × 108 M−2 (R2 = 0.994) and 5.38 × 108 M−2 (R2 = 0.991) of the complex was derived from UV/Vis and fluorescence titration assuming 1:2 stoichiometry of probe–Fe3+ complex, respectively.

BRI3 associates with SCG10 and attenuates NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

Yan Hua Gong,Jing Wu,Hua Qiang,Ben Liu,Zhi Kai Chi,Tao Chen,Bin Yin,Xiao Zhong Peng,Jian Gang Yuan 한국생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.4

무나 (巫儺) , 민간의 서사적 연출 , 원초적 형태의 연극

주화빈(Hua Bin Zhou) 한국중국희곡학회 1999 중국희곡 Vol.7 No.1

N/A

Predictive V16alue of Thymidylate Synthase Expression in Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Hu, Hua-Bin,Kuang, Lei,Zeng, Xiao-Min,Li, Bin,Liu, En-Yi,Zhong, Mei-Zuo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: The relationship between thymidylate synthase (TS) expression and outcomes in gastric cancer (GC) patients remains controversial, although most studies reported poor survival and reduced response to fluoropyrimidine were related to high TS in tumors. We carried out a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis to estimate the predictive value of TS expression from published studies. Methods: We indentified 24 studies analysing the outcome data in gastric cancer stratified by TS expression. Effect measures of outcome were hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS), or the odds ratio (OR) for overall response rate (ORR). HRs and ORs from these eligible studies were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: Fifteen studies investigated outcomes in a total of 844 patients with advanced GC, and nine studies investigated outcomes in a total of 1,235 patients with localized GC undergoing adjuvant therapy. Meta-analysis of estimates showed high TS expression was significantly associated with poor OS in the advanced setting (HR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.08 - 1.90), and poor EFS in the adjuvant setting (HR: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.01 - 2.32). Subgroup analysis demonstrated TS expression to haves even greater value in predicting OS, EFS and ORR in advanced GC patients treated with fluoropyrimidine monotherapy (HR for OS: 2.32, 95%CI: 1.53 - 3.50; HR for EFS: 1.76, 95%CI: 1.19 - 2.60; OR for ORR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.11 - 0.95). Conclusion: High levels of TS expression were asssociated with a poorer OS for advanced GC patients compared with low levels. In the adjuvant setting, high TS expression was also associated with a worse EFS. Additional studies with consistent methodology are needed to define the precise predictive value of TS.

Continuous Transarterial Infusion Chemotherapy with Gemcitabine and 5-Fluorouracil for Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma

Hong, Guo-Bin,Zhou, Jing-Xing,Sun, Hua-Bin,Li, Chun-Yang,Song, Li-Qing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Purpose: Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most malignant tumors of the alimentary system, with relatively high incidence rates. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of two regimens for advanced pancreatic carcinoma: continuous transarterial infusion versus systemic venous chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil. Methods: Of the 48 patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma receiving chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil, 24 received the selective transarterial infusion, and 24 the systemic chemotherapy. For the continuous transarterial infusion group (experimental group), all patients received gemcitabine 1000 mg/$m^2$, given by 30-minute transarterial infusion, on day 1 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles, and a dose of 600 mg/$m^2$ 5-fluorouracil was infused on days 1~5 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles. For the systemic venous group (control group), gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil were infused through a peripheral vein, a dose of 1000 mg/$m^2$ gemcitabine being administrated over 30 min on days 1 and 8 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles, and a dose of 600 mg/$m^2$ 5-fluorouracil was infused on days 1~5 of a 4-week cycle for 2 cycles. The effectiveness and safety were evaluated after 2 cyclesaccording to WHO criteria. Results:The objective effective rate in transarterial group was 33.3% versus 25% in the systemic group, the difference not being significant (P=0.626). Clinical benefit rates(CBR) in the transarterial and systemic groups were 83.3% and 58.3%, respectively (P=0.014). The means and medians for survival time in transarterial group were higher than those of the systemic group (P < 0.005). at the same time, the adverse effects did not significantly differ between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil could improve clinical benefit rate and survival time of patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma, compared with systemic venous chemotherapy. Since adverse effects were limited in the transarterial group, the regimen of continuous transarterial infusion chemotherapy can be used more extensively in clinical practice. A CT and MRI conventional sequence can be used for efficacy evaluation after chemotherapy in pancreatic carcinoma.

中国传统京剧的戏班构成

周?斌(Zhou Hua-Bin) 중국문화연구학회 2004 중국문화연구 Vol.0 No.5

京劇의 行當에 관한 역할은 이미 기존에 자세히 알려져 있는 사실이라 할 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 필자는 기존의 연구와는 달리 京劇의 항당에 대해 필자 나름대로 자세한 구분과 설명을 통하여 傳統戱曲의 角色과 항당의 구성과 歷史發展을 규명해 내었다. 그리고 이러한 과정 속에서 京劇의 劇團構成과 연출체제에 대한 구체적인 사항들을 밝혀내었다. 특히 경극 표현예술의 流波와도 관련하여 戱班의 構成 및 演出體制도 함께 논하였다.

Laparoscopic left hepatectomy in swine: a safe and feasible technique

Hua Zhang,Tao Liu,Yue Wang,Hai-feng Liu,Jian-tao Zhang,Yan-shuang Wu,Lei Lei,Hong-bin Wang 대한수의학회 2014 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.15 No.3

A purely laparoscopic four-port approach was created forleft hepatectomy in pigs. A polyethylene loop was placed onthe left two hepatic lobes for traction and lift. Next,penetrating ligation of the lobes using of a double row of silksutures was performed to control bleeding. A direct hepatictransection was completed using a monopolar hook electrodewithout meticulous dissection of the left hepatic vein. Theraw surface of the liver was coagulated and sealed with fibringlue. Lobes were retrieved through an enlarged portal. Laparoscopic hepatic lobectomy was completed in all pigswithout the use of specialized instruments and with a meanoperative time of 179 ± 9 min. No significant perioperativecomplications were observed. The average weight of eachresected lobe was 180 ± 51 g. Complete blood count as well asserum organics and enzyme levels normalized after about 2weeks. During necropsy, adhesion of the hepatic raw surfaceto the gastric wall and omentum were observed. No otherabnormalities were identified. This minimally invasive lefthepatectomy technique in swine could serve as a usefulmodel for investigating liver diseases and regeneration, andoffer preclinical information to improve hepatobiliary surgical procedures.