Protein Kinases as Pharmacological Targets for the Reduction of Interleukin-1 Expression in Lipopolysaccaride-Activated Primary Glial Cell

Hu-Nan Sun,Wan Fang,Mei-Hua Jin,Ying-Hao Han,Sun-Uk Kim,Sang-Han Lee,Nam-Soon Kim,Cheol-Hee Kim,Dong-Seok Lee 대한의생명과학회 2004 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.10 No.4

Inflammatory factor such as Interleukin-1 play important roles in determining the fate of both acute and chronic neurological disorders. We investigated whether inhibitors of PKC or PTK can serve as pharmacological agents to reduce IL-1 production and the mechanisms underlying their pharmacological effects in a mixed population of glia. Inhibitors of PKC such as H7, G?6976 and Ro31-8220 significantly reduced both the mRNA and protein levels of IL-1α and IL-β in lipopolysaccharide-activated primary glial cells. While the PTK inhibitor genistein also significantly reduced the production of these cytokines, it did not affect the expression of their mRNA. Taken together, inhibitors of PKC and PTK could serve as pharmacological agents to reduce IL-1 production. However, the mechanisms underlying their pharmacological effects are different. Our results provide evidence that inhibitors of protein kinases can serve as pharmacological agents to modulate IL-1 production in glial cell, and in tum, alleviate neuronal injury.

A Study on Cultural Authenticity of Folktale-based Chinese-American Picturebooks for Multicultural Education

Nan Hu,Nguyen Nguyet Minh,어도선 한국영미문학교육학회 2019 영미문학교육 Vol.23 No.2

Multicultural picturebooks are commonly used to develop individuals’ perspectives toward other cultures, and as such, they bring a question about cultural authenticity and accuracy, for cultural unauthenticity and misrepresentations can lead young readers to form negative stereotypes and inaccurate ideas about other cultures. As Creany, et al. indicate, folktales are “repositories of cultural values” since they have been passed from generation to generation along the history, picturebooks based on folktales that deal with diverse cultures and values can play an important role in promoting multicultural education. However, there has not been a critical analysis of cultural authenticity in folktale-based picturebooks. Examining the corresponding original folktales in Chinese ancient literature, this article evaluates cultural authenticity of the most popular four folktale-based Chinese-American picturebooks. Apart from analysing and discussing the major problems observed in these picturebooks, this articles also provides some educational implications which can make a great contribution to multicultural education in EFL settings while relying on multicultural picturebooks as a language resource.

The Multi-target Localization Algorithm via Compressed Sensing

Nan Xue,Yan Hu 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.9 No.11

A multi-target localization algorithm based on compressed sensing was proposed in this paper. The issue of multi-target localization was transformed into compressed sensing. The algorithm greatly reduced the amount of wireless network’s communication data by transferring most of the computing work to the central server. This method made full uses of the priori information of the signal and the support set. It combined Kalman filter with Bayesian compressed sensing to improve the localization accuracy and noise immunity. Simulation results showed that the proposed method has good noise immunity, robustness and localization accuracy compared with traditional localization methods.

Genome-wide association study of gastric adenocarcinoma in Asia: a comparison of associations between cardia and non-cardia tumours

Hu, Nan,Wang, Zhaoming,Song, Xin,Wei, Lixuan,Kim, Byung Sik,Freedman, Neal D,Baek, Jiwon,Burdette, Laurie,Chang, Jiang,Chung, Charles,Dawsey, Sanford M,Ding, Ti,Gao, Yu-Tang,Giffen, Carol,Han, Yaling British Medical Association 2016 Gut Vol.65 No.10

<P>Objective Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gastric cancer have reported differences in single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations for tumour subtypes, particularly when divided by location into the gastric cardia versus the non-cardia. Design Here we present results for a GWAS using 2350 East Asian gastric cancer cases divided as 1189 gastric cardia and 1027 gastric non-cardia cases and 2708 controls. We also included up to 3042 cardia cases, 4359 non-cardia cases and 7548 controls for replication from two Chinese studies and one Korean study. From the GWAS, we selected 12 top SNPs for each gastric cancer subtype, 4 top SNPs for total gastric cancer and 1 SNP in MUC1 for replication testing. Results We observed genome-wide significant associations for rs10074991 in PRKAA1 at 5p13.1 for cardia (p=7.36x10(-12)) and non-cardia cancers (p=2.42x10(-23)) with per allele OR (95% CI) for the combined endpoint of 0.80 (0.77 to 0.83). At 6p21.1, rs2294693 near UNC5CL was significantly associated with gastric non-cardia cancer risk (p=2.50x10(-8)), with OR (95% CI) of 1.18 (1.12 to 1.26), but there was only a nominal association for cardia cancer (p=1.47x10(-2)). We also confirmed a previously reported association for rs4072037 in MUC1 with p=6.59x10(-8) for total gastric cancer and similar estimates for cardia and non-cardia cancers. Three SNPs in PSCA previously reported to be associated with gastric non-cardia cancer showed no apparent association for cardia cancer. Conclusions Our results suggest that associations for SNPs with gastric cancer show some different results by tumour location in the stomach.</P>

The Effect of Bibliotherapy on Emotion Regulation Competence and Language Learning Outcomes: A Study on Left-Behind Children in China

Nan Hu 숭실대학교 영재교육연구소 2019 Global Creative Leader Vol.9 No.3

This study investigated the effect of bibliotherapy on emotion regulation competence and language learning outcomes, using theme-based English picture books with left-behind children who had experienced parental absence that caused the frequent expression of negative emotions. To examine its effectiveness, 90 participants were recruited and divided into three groups: a bibliotherapeutic treatment group, a semi-treatment group, and a control group. The data were analyzed via a paired samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. The results revealed that bibliotherapy with specific theme-based English picture books worked effectively in improving left-behind children’s emotion regulation competence and later their English proficiency. Some implications and suggestions for school counselling projects and future studies are offered and discussed.

An Investigation of Family Language Policy in Chinese Urban Middle-class Families

( Nan Hu ) 범태평양 응용언어학회 2020 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.24 No.2

China is a nation with linguistic and ethnic diversity. Putonghua, which translates to “common language” is the common spoken language in mainland China, also known as Standard Chinese historically and Mandarin Chinese in English, has been actively promoted for over half a century aiming at facilitating communication among people with different dialects across China. Under the nationwide promotion of standard Chinese since the State Council issued Instructions Concerning the Promotion of Putonghua in 1956 (Zhou & Sun, 2004), the linguistic ecology represented by the interaction among Putonghua and other dialects in urban contexts has changed dramatically. Based on the three dimensional language policy theory which includes the language ideology, the language practice and the language management (Spolsky, 2004), this study intends to investigate the family language ecology of 30 Chinese parents from 20 urban families with children aged three to seven years. Through analyzing the data collected from survey questionnaires and two interviews, the results indicate that the status of dialect has been marginalized consensually by parents within the family domain. Additionally, parents are shielding their children from dialect both consciously and unconsciously. This study concludes with a discussion of implications for future Family Language Policy (FLP) research within the distinctive Chinese context.

Multi-objective Hierarchical Optimal Control for Quadruped Rescue Robot

Nan Hu,Shaoyuan Li,Feng Gao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.4

Timely and efficient rescue missions in disasters such as nuclear accidents, fires, and earthquakes require operating robots to work under high payload. This paper treats the problem of optimal planning and control of a walking-trot gait for a hydraulically actuated quadruped robot that has been developed in a collaborative project of the Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. To mitigate the challenges of working with high-fidelity models of this highly complex mechanical system, a kinematics and approximate dynamics model is proposed that is shown to provide an accurate description of the walking motions we wish to study while at the same time being simple enough to support analysis. The proposed model is used to design limb movements in a walking trot gait that balance the trade off between energy consumption and the speed of execution of a desired mission. Bezier curves of different orders are used to design trajectories of the robot’s limbs. We verify the accuracy of the proposed model through experiments with the actual robot. We apply hierarchical optimization method to minimize the energy consumption, and we discuss a Pareto optimal solution that trades off mission duration and energy consumption. In the end perform several experiments to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the optimal algorithm we proposed.

The Effects of Deductive and Inductive Instructions on Medical University Undergraduates’ Improvement of Medical Research Articles Writing Performance

Nan Hu 현대영어교육학회 2019 현대영어교육 Vol.20 No.3

This study attempted to compare the effectiveness of the explicitly deductive (ED) and the explicitly inductive (EI) instructions in teaching particular structure that marks causal relations in medical research articles (MRAs) among Chinese medical university undergraduates of elementary and intermediate levels of English proficiency. The effects on short- and long-term learning were also investigated. Research proves that the causal relations are essential for MRAs and the verbs + that-clauses are commonly adopted as the causal markers in published English MRAs. Thus, they were taught as the target knowledge in the present study. A total of 64 medical university undergraduates were recruited and randomly divided into two instructional conditions. Performances in both conditions were measured by immediate and delayed posttests. The Mann-Whitney U test, repeated measured ANOVA and the two-way ANOVA were conducted to analyze the data. Results revealed a statistically significant difference between these two instructional approaches, with the EI instruction having a greater effect on participants’ short-term and long-term learning of the target knowledge. English proficiency had no significant influence. The results shed light on the impact of the deductive and the inductive approaches on English for specific purposes (ESP)/ MRAs writing teaching, and some implications for teaching as well as future studies were provided and discussed.

Ginsenoside Rk1 ameliorates paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice through inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, nitrative stress and apoptosis

Hu, Jun-Nan,Xu, Xing-Yue,Li, Wei,Wang, Yi-Ming,Liu, Ying,Wang, Zi,Wang, Ying-Ping The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: Frequent overdose of paracetamol (APAP) has become the major cause of acute liver injury. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential protective effects of ginsenoside Rk1 on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and investigate the underlying mechanisms for the first time. Methods: Mice were treated with Rk1 (10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg) by oral gavage once per d for 7 d. On the 7th d, allmice treated with 250mg/kg APAP exhibited severeliverinjury after 24 h, and hepatotoxicitywas assessed. Results: Our results showed that pretreatment with Rk1 significantly decreased the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ compared with the APAP group. Meanwhile, hepatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione, were elevated compared with the APAP group. In contrast, a significant decrease in levels of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde was observed in the ginsenoside Rk1-treated group compared with the APAP group. These effects were associated with a significant increase of cytochrome P450 E1 and 4-hydroxynonenal levels in liver tissues. Moreover, ginsenoside Rk1 supplementation suppressed activation of apoptotic pathways by increasing Bcl-2 and decreasing Bax protein expression levels, which was shown using western blotting analysis. Histopathological observation also revealed that ginsenoside Rk1 pretreatment significantly reversed APAP-induced necrosis and inflammatory infiltration in liver tissues. Biological indicators of nitrative stress, such as 3-nitrotyrosine, were also inhibited after pretreatment with Rk1 compared with the APAP group. Conclusion: The results clearly suggest that the underlying molecular mechanisms in the hepatoprotection of ginsenoside Rk1 in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity may be due to its antioxidation, antiapoptosis, anti-inflammation, and antinitrative effects.

Poster Session 2 : H7 and Genistein as pharmacological agent for inhibition of IL-1β production in neuro-inflammation

( Hu Nan Sun ),( Wan Fang ),( Mei Hua Jin ),( Ying Hao Han ),( Sun Uk Kim ),( Sang Han Lee ),( Nam Soon Kim ),( Cheol Hee Kim ),( Dong Seok Lee ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2005 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.-