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수행에 대한 지식의 상대적 빈도가 편마비 환자의 균형 재훈련에 미치는 영향
오동식,최흥식,김택훈,노정석 한국전문물리치료학회 2001 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.8 No.1
During therapy sessions, feedback is often provided concurrently by the physical therapist as the patient attempts to perform a movement and after the movement attempt. This feedback is provided to enhance the patient's balance abilities. However, recent studies in nondisabled populations have suggested that frequent feedback may be detrimental to retention or learning of motor skills. This study compared the effects of 100% relative frequency of knowledge of performance (KP) with 66% relative frequency of KP for motor learning on balance retraining in patients with hemiplegia. Twenty patients with hemiplegic were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups. The acquisition phase consisted of 16 blocks of 5 trials for 2 days (80 total practice trials). The retention chase consisted of 2 blocks of a short-term retention test, one day after the end of the acquisition phase and a long-term retention test, one week after the end of the short-term retention test. In the 100% feedback condition, participants received feedback after every practice trial. A faded KP schedule was used in the 66% condition. No significant differences were found between the two groups during all experimental phases (acquisition and retention phases), (p>.05). However, there were significant decreases in balance index for both groups of acquisition phase (p<.05). These results suggest that 66% relative frequency of KP is not more effective than 100% relative frequency of KP with respect to retention over time when hemiparetic patients attempt to learn balance.
정상 보행과 발가락 보행의 하지 근육 근 활성도 비교 : An Electromyographic Analysis3.
김택훈,최흥식,김창인,이진복 한국전문물리치료학회 2002 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.9 No.2
This study was designed to identify the effects of walking conditions (normal walking vs. toe-walking) on electromyographic (EMG) activity of gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and soleus muscle. Seven healthy adult males participated in this study. The exclusion criteria were orthopedic or neurologic disease, congenital anomaly or acquired deformity, or pain in low back or lower extremities. The maximal voluntary isometric contraction for each muscle was used for the reference contraction, and EMG activity of each muscle during normal walking and toe-walking was expressed as a percentage of reference contraction. The gait cycle was determined with two foot switches, and gait was normalized as 100% gait cycle for each condition. The maximal values of EMG activity in terminal stance (30~50% of gait cycle) of each condition were compared for data analysis. No significant differences were found in EMG activity of the tibialis anterior and soleus (p<.05), whereas significant decrement was found in EMG activity of gastrocnemius during toe-walking compared to normal walking (p<.05). There is a limitation to generalize the results of this study, because small number of subjects participated for this study and only EMG was used for data collection. The treatment methods should be developed to improve gait efficiency by substituting the weakened muscles secondary to upper motor neuron, or by strengthening the distal muscles in lower extremity.
무지 외반증 환자의 hard insole 착용에 의한 중족지절관절 각도의 변화
임성태,김택훈,최흥식,노정석,김장환 한국전문물리치료학회 2001 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.8 No.2
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of donning of a hard insole in patients with hallux valgus. Fourteen subjects were selected from patients with foot pain at Lee Chang-Heon Foot Clinic from August 4,2000 to September 15, 2000. The hallux valgus angle and the first-second intermetatarsal angle were radiographically measured before and after donning the hard insole. Based on these two kinds of angles, a mild hallux valgus deformity group was characterized by the hallux valgus angle of less than 20 degrees, and a moderate hallux valgus deformity group was characterized by the hallux valgus angle of 20 to 40 degrees. After three weeks with the hard insole donned, the foot angles of the patients with hallux valgus were measured again. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and the following results were obtained: 1) After the trial, both mild hallux valgus deformity group and moderate hallux valgus deformity group demonstrated that the hallux valgus angles were significantly decreased. 2) After the trial, mild hallux valgus deformity group demonstrated that the first-second intermetatarsal angle was significantly decreased. 3) After the trial, moderate hallux valgus deformity group demonstrated that the first-second intermetatarsal angle was not significantly decreased. The above findings revealed that according to donning hard insole, the hallux valgus angles of mild and moderate hallux valgus deformity groups and the first-second intermetatarsal angle of mild hallux valgus deformity group were significantly decreased. The results of this study have some limitation for generalization due to the limited number of subjects. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of hard insole on hallux valgus with more precise laboratory equipments and measurements in patients with hallux valgus.
운동전략이 기립자세의 기능적 전방 팔뻗기에 미치는 영향
박제상,권오윤,최흥식,김택훈 한국전문물리치료학회 2000 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.7 No.1
The purpose of this study is to determine whether movement strategies affect functional forward reach distance in a standing position. Forty-seven healthy subjects were selected for this study: 23 men and 24 women, with an average age of 22.3. Functional forward reach distances were measured as hip strategy and squat strategy(included knee and ankle movement strategy) in a standing position, respectively. The mean values of functional forward reach distance in hip strategy, squat strategy were 33.57㎝, 29.48㎝, respectively. There was significantly difference in functional forward reach distance between hip strategy and squat strategy(p<.001). There was no difference of functional forward reach distance between male and female in hip strategy, but there was significant difference in other strategy(p<.05). These results suggest that movement strategies should be considered during functional forward reach test in standing. Further study is required to determine whether movement strategies affect functional reach distance in elderly and disabled groups.
Yoo, Houng Sik,Yoon, Jung Hee,Kim, Jae Il,Koh, Eui Kwan,Hong, Chang Seop WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 European journal of inorganic chemistry Vol.2008 No.20
<P>The reaction of Co<SUP>II</SUP> and 2,2′-dipyridyldisulfide (PySSPy) in the presence of azide produced a peculiar monomeric complex [Co<SUP>III</SUP>(PyS)(PyS-N-SPy)(N<SUB>3</SUB>)] (1). In this reaction, redox chemistry takes place, which is associated mainly with the oxidation of Co<SUP>II</SUP> to Co<SUP>III</SUP> and the reduction of PySSPy. During the reaction, the azide ion decomposes and donates a nitrogen atom to PySSPy. The crystal structure of 1 provides evidence that the unusual, N-inserted ligand PyS-N-SPy can be stabilized through coordination to the electropositive Co<SUP>III</SUP> ion. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The reaction of Co<SUP>II</SUP> and 2,2′-dipyridyldisulfide (PySSPy) in the presence of azide produced a monomeric complex [Co<SUP>III</SUP>(PyS)(PyS-N-SPy)(N<SUB>3</SUB>)] (1), which was characterized by means of UV/Vis, X-ray crystallography, XPS, and cyclic voltammetry. The unusual, N-inserted ligand PyS-N-SPy can be stabilized through coordination to the electropositive Co<SUP>III</SUP> ion. <img src='wiley_img/14341948-2008-2008-20-EJIC200800439-fig000.gif' alt='wiley_img/14341948-2008-2008-20-EJIC200800439-fig000'> </P>