Differentially Expressed Proteins in ER⁺ MCF7 and ER^- MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells by RhoGDI-α Silencing and Overexpression

Hooshmand, Somayeh,Ghaderi, Abbas,Yusoff, Khatijah,Thilakavathy, Karuppiah,Rosli, Rozita,Mojtahedi, Zahra Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

Background: The consequence of Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDI${\alpha}$) activity on migration and invasion of estrogen receptor positive ($ER^+$) and negative ($ER^-$) breast cancer cells has not been studied using the proteomic approach. Changes in expression of RhoGDI${\alpha}$ and other proteins interacting directly or indirectly with RhoGDI${\alpha}$ in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231, with different metastatic potentials is of particular interest. Materials and Methods: $ER^+$ MCF7 and ER- MDA-MB-231 cell lines were subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and spots of interest were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of- flight/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF/TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) analysis after downregulation of RhoGDI${\alpha}$ using short interfering RNA (siRNA) and upregulated using GFP-tagged ORF clone of RhoGDI${\alpha}$. Results: The results showed a total of 35 proteins that were either up- or down-regulated in these cells. Here we identifed 9 and 15 proteins differentially expressed with silencing of RhoGDI${\alpha}$ in MCF-7 and the MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. In addition, 10 proteins were differentially expressed in the upregulation of RhoGDI${\alpha}$ in MCF7, while only one protein was identified in the upregulation of RhoGDI${\alpha}$ in MDA-MB-231. Based on the biological functions of these proteins, the results revealed that proteins involved in cell migration are more strongly altered with RhoGDI-${\alpha}$ activity. Although several of these proteins have been previously indicated in tumorigenesis and invasiveness of breast cancer cells, some ohave not been previously reported to be involved in breast cancer migration. Hence, these proteins may serve as useful candidate biomarkers for tumorigenesis and invasiveness of breast cancer cells. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to determine the mechanisms by which these proteins regulate cell migration. The combination of RhoGDI${\alpha}$ with other potential biomarkers may be a more promising approach in the inhibition of breast cancer cell migration.

Fuzzy Logic Application in Fault Diagnosis of Transformers Using Dissolved Gases

Hooshmand, Rahmat-Allah,Banejad, Mahdi The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2008 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.3 No.3

One of the problems with the fault diagnosis of transformers based on dissolved gas is the inability to match the result of the different standards of fault diagnosis with real world standards. In this paper, the results of the different standards are analyzed using fuzzy logic and then compared with the empirical test. The proposed method is based on the standards and guidelines of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the Central Electric Generating Board (CEGB), and the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) and its main task is to assist the conventional gas ratio method. The comparison between the suggested method and existing methods indicates the capability of the suggested method in the on-line fault diagnosis of transformers. In addition, in some cases the existing standards are not able to diagnose the fault. For theses instances, the presented method has the potential of diagnosing the fault. In this paper, the information of three real transformers is used to show the capability of the suggested method in diagnosing the fault. The results validate the capability of the presented method in fault diagnosis of the transformer.

Improving the Dynamic Performance of Distribution Electronic Power Transformers Using Sliding Mode Control

Hooshmand, Rahmat-Allah,Ataei, Mohammad,Rezaei, Mohammad Hosein The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.1

These days, the application of electronic power transformers (EPTs) is expanding in place of ordinary power transformers. These transformers can transmit power via three or four wire converters. Their dynamic performance is extremely important, due to their complex structure. In this paper, a new method is proposed for improving the dynamic performance of distribution electronic power transformers (DEPT) by using sliding mode control (SMC). Hence, to express the dynamic characteristics of a system, different factors such as the voltage unbalance, voltage sag, voltage harmonics and voltage flicker in the system primary side are considered. The four controlling aims of the improvement in dynamic performance include: 1) maintaining the input currents so that they are in sinusoidal form and in phase with the input voltages so they have a unity power factor, 2) keeping the dc-link voltage within the reference amount, 3) keeping the output voltages at a fixed amount and 4) keeping the output voltages in sinusoidal and symmetrical forms. Simulation results indicate the potential and capability of the proposed method in improving DEPT behavior.

Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm Based Design and Analysis of an Auto-Tuning Fuzzy Logic PSS

Hooshmand, Rahmat-Allah,Ataei, Mohammad The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2007 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.2 No.2

One important issue in power systems is dynamic instability due to loosing balance relation between electrical generation and a varying load demand that justifies the necessity of stabilization. Moreover, Power System Stabilizer (PSS) must have capability of producing appropriate stabilizing signals over a wide range of operating conditions and disturbances. To overcome these drawbacks, this paper proposes a new method for robust design of PSS by using an auto-tuning fuzzy control in combination with Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA). This method includes two fuzzy controllers; internal fuzzy controller and supervisor fuzzy controller. The supervisor controller tunes the internal one by on-line applying of nonlinear scaling factors to inputs and outputs. The RCGA-based method is used for off-line training of this supervisor controller. The proposed PSS is tested in three operational conditions; nominal load, heavy load, and in the case of fault occurrence in transmission line. The simulation results are provided to compare the proposed PSS with conventional fuzzy PSS and conventional PSS. By evaluating the simulation results, it is shown that the performance and robustness of proposed PSS in different operating conditions is more acceptable

Seismic Retrofit in Building Structures Using Shape Memory Alloys

Mohammad Hooshmand,Behzad Rafezy,Jafar Khalil-Allafi 대한토목학회 2015 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.19 No.4

The shape memory alloys have limited applications in structural engineering. The high expensive value of building construction with these alloys is the main obstacle in using this material for building. In this paper, the performance of bracing with the combined shape memory alloys and steel have been studied. The seismic response of the five braced frames with bracing containing 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of shape memory alloy are determined and compared to the braced frame with steel brace. Nonlinear dynamic analysis of the frames is made with help of ANSYS V11 software under Elcentro earthquake record with maximum scaled acceleration 0.6 g and 0.9 g. The optimum value of alloy for the seismic performance improvement of braced frames has been calculated. So, the improved seismic behavior of braced frame was obtained with low cost by using method.

Effects of Agave Nectar Versus Sucrose on Weight Gain, Adiposity, Blood Glucose, Insulin, and Lipid Responses in Mice

Shirin Hooshmand,Brittany Holloway,Tricia Nemoseck,Sarah Cole,Yumi Petrisko,Mee Young Hong,Mark Kern 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.9

Agave nectar is a fructose-rich liquid sweetener derived from a plant, and is often promoted as a low glycemic alternative to refined sugar. However, little scientific research has been conducted in animals or humans to determine its metabolic and/or health effects. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of agave nectar versus sucrose on weight gain, adiposity, fasting plasma blood glucose, insulin, and lipid levels. Eighteen (n = 18) male ICR mice (33.8 – 1.6 g) were divided into two groups (n = 6 for agave nectar and n = 12 for sucrose) and provided free access to one of two diets of equal energy densities differing only in a portion of the carbohydrate provided. Diets contained 20% carbohydrate (by weight of total diet) from either raw agave nectar or sucrose. Epididymal fat pads were excised, and blood was collected after 34 days. Weight gain (4.3 – 2.2 vs. 8.4 – 3.4 g), fat pad weights (0.95 – 0.54 vs. 1.75 – 0.66 g), plasma glucose (77.8 – 12.2 vs. 111.0 – 27.9 mg/dL), and insulin (0.61 – 0.29 vs. 1.46 – 0.81 ng/mL) were significantly lower (P £ .05) for agave nectar-fed mice compared to sucrose-fed mice respectively. No statistically significant differences in total cholesterol or triglycerides were detected. These results suggest that in comparison to sucrose, agave nectar may have a positive influence on weight gain and glucose control. However, more research with a larger sample of animals and/or with human subjects is warranted.

Combination of Genistin and Fructooligosaccharides Prevents Bone Loss in Ovarian Hormone Deficiency

Shirin Hooshmand,Shanil Juma,Bahram H. Arjmandi 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.2

We have reported that soy isoflavones are capable of preventing loss of bone mineral density (BMD) in rats due to ovariectomy. The intestinal microflora is important in rendering soy isoflavones bioavailability by facilitating their conversion to equol. Hence, substances that can modulate the intestinal microflora could affect the bioavailability of isoflavones. The purpose of this study was to examine whether combination of genistin and fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a prebiotic, can enhance the effects of soy isoflavones on bone in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats. Forty-eight 90-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were either sham-operated (Sham; one group) or Ovx (three groups) and were placed on dietary treatment for 50 days. The Sham and one Ovx group received a control diet, and the remaining Ovx groups received genistin-rich isoflavones diet (Ovx+G) or genistin-rich isoflavones and FOS diet (Ovx+G+FOS). After 50 days, blood and bone specimens were collected for analysis. The genistin-rich isoflavones diet was able to significantly increase the whole-body, right femur, and fourth lumbar BMD by 1.6%, 1.48%, and 1.3%, respectively in comparison with the Ovx control. The combination of genistin-rich isoflavones diet and 5% FOS further increased whole-body, right femur, and fourth lumbar BMD more compared to the genistin-rich isoflavones diet. Our findings suggest that although a genistin-rich isoflavones diet can increase the BMD in rats with Ovx-induced bone loss, combination of genistin-rich isoflavones and FOS had greater effect in preventing bone loss in this rat model.

Power Quality Enhancement in Power System with Electric Arc Furnaces by Shunt Active Power Filter Optimum Design

Rahmat Allah Hooshmand,Amin Khodabakhshian,Mehdi Torabian Esfahani 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

In this paper the design of optimum shunt active power filter in order to improve the power quality indices in power systems with electric arc furnaces will be discussed. The selected model for the arc is based on a combination of Cassie-Mayer equations. The conventional controllers are not capable of improving the power quality for these types of systems. Therefore, for improving the power quality indices a new method based on fuzzy controller is employed to design an optimum shunt active power filter. The simulation results show the advantages of using fuzzy control.

Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm Based Design and Analysis of an Auto-Tuning Fuzzy Logic PSS

Rahmat-Allah Hooshmand,Mohammad Ataei 대한전기학회 2007 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.2 No.2

One important issue in power systems is dynamic instability due to loosing balance relation between electrical generation and a varying load demand that justifies the necessity of stabilization. Moreover, Power System Stabilizer (PSS) must have capability of producing appropriate stabilizing signals over a wide range of operating conditions and disturbances. To overcome these drawbacks, this paper proposes a new method for robust design of PSS by using an auto-tuning fuzzy control in combination with Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA). This method includes two fuzzy controllers; internal fuzzy controller and supervisor fuzzy controller. The supervisor controller tunes the internal one by on-line applying of nonlinear scaling factors to inputs and outputs. The RCGA￢based method is used for off-line training of this supervisor controller. The proposed PSS is tested in three operational conditions; nominal load, heavy load, and in the case of fault occurrence in transmission line. The simulation results are provided to compare the proposed PSS with conventional fuzzy PSS and conventional PSS. By evaluating the simulation results, it is shown that the performance and robustness of proposed PSS in different operating conditions is more acceptable.

Fuzzy Logic Application in Fault Diagnosis of Transformers Using Dissolved Gases

Rahmat-Allah Hooshmand,Mahdi Banejad 대한전기학회 2008 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.3 No.3

One of the problems with the fault diagnosis of transformers based on dissolved gas is the inability to match the result of the different standards of fault diagnosis with real world standards. In this paper, the results of the different standards are analyzed using fuzzy logic and then compared with the empirical test. The proposed method is based on the standards and guidelines of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the Central Electric Generating Board (CEGB), and the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) and its main task is to assist the conventional gas ratio method. The comparison between the suggested method and existing methods indicates the capability of the suggested method in the on-line fault diagnosis of transformers, In addition, in some cases the existing standards are not able to diagnose the fault. For theses instances, the presented method has the potential of diagnosing the fault. In this paper, the information of three real transformers is used to show the capability of the suggested method in diagnosing the fault. The results validate the capability of the presented method in fault diagnosis of the transformer.