6대 都市의 산업구조 分析 : 立地商(LQ)을 중심으로 based on Location Quotients

정홍열 成均館大學校 韓國産業硏究所 1998 韓國經濟 Vol.25 No.-

The location quotients is a technique used for assessing one region's specialization in an industry or some other activities. The nation has usually played benchmark role in this model. In order to measure the extent of economic concentration, the number of employees is most frequently used, but sales, gross regional products and value added have also been used. Fortunately, this kinds of data can be easily obtained from published regional data, and this makes location quotients very versatile and popular tools. However, empirical studies that involve this method is very rare in Korea. In this respect, I will first review the theoretical contents of location quotients including its advantages and limitations, and then apply this to 6 largest cities in Korea in order to find out what industries are specialized in each cities and how the degree of such specialization changed as time passed.

후크시아의 生育 및 開花에 미치는 Uniconazole과 GA₃處理의 影響

金弘烈 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1995 연구논문집 Vol.51 No.1

This experiment was conducted to clarify the interaction on Uniconazole and GA3 treatements and moreover to get the basic data of flowering physiology of Fuchsia x hybrida 'Corallina' Stem growth was reduced 62% by Uniconaxole 100ppm treatment as compared with control. The average number of days to flower bud and flowering were accelerated 19.4days and 23.2days respectively and number of flowers increased by uniconazole treatment as compared with contrlo. Uniconazole reduced the flower size as a rssult of reducing the peduncle, sepal and petal length. Subsequent treatment of GA3 counteracted these effects of Uniconazole.

과학적 회의주의

蘇興烈 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1983 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.42 No.-

The point of this paper is to clarify and develop the main tenet of a philosophical trend known as "positivism". Positivism, like any other philosophical belief, has changed its claims along with the progress in philosophy itself, as well as in science, for positivism is basically a philosophical trend that places its trust in the methodology of modern science. For instance, logical positivism is no longer a living issue among philosophers. But the death of logical positivism awakened a new interest in scientific methodology, which in turn brought about a new field in philosophy called "philosophy of science". Modern positivists are those philosophers who maintain the importance of scientific method as understood through the development in the "philosophy of science". Philosophy of science what we need to doubt about it, this doubt, however, is to be methodology of science, but also what we need to doubt about it, this doubt, however, is to be distinguished from the traditional epistemological doubt, of which the objective was to seek after absolute certainty in human knowledge. Positivistic doubt, which is characterized here as "scientific skepticism", is meant to be "methodologically productive". The major part of the paper, then, is given to the analysis of various in the scientific method as understood through the development in the "philosophy of science". Philosophy of science teaches us not only what we may believe in the methodology of science, but also what we need to doubt about it, this doubt, however, is to be distinguished from the traditional epistemological doubt, of which the objective was to seek after absolute certainty in human knowledge. Positivistic doubt, which is characterized here as "scientific skepticism", is concerned with the limits of scientific method. It raises questions about the limits of existing scientific knowledge, and by so doing it helps us to re-examine what we can believe on the scientific ground. Thus, it is a productive kind of doubt. "Scientific" in "scientific skepticism" is meant to be "methodologically productive". The major part of the paper, then, is given to the analysis of various aspects in the scientific method that might be subjected to this kind of productive doubt. They are: the inductive nature of the verification and confirmation of scientific hypothesis; the problem of circularity among the concepts, "explanation", "natural law" and "causation"; the problem of analogy and disanalogy in scientific theory-making; the problem of distinguishing "science" from "pseudo-science"; the problem of the paradigm effect; and the problem of value involved in the scientific method. Positivism as a philosophical trend seems tenable when we are aware of what we may believe and what we may doubt about the methodology of science.

토마스 아퀴나스의 삼위일체론

정홍열 아세아연합신학대학교 2004 ACTS 神學과 宣敎 Vol.8 No.-

삽목시기, 삽상온도 및 생장조절제처리가 낙우송의 발근에 미치는 영향

김홍열,박정주,이영주,고재철 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1997 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.1

낙우송의 경삽시 발근 및 캘루스형성에 미치는 삽수채취시기, 삽상온도 및 여러 가지 생장조절물질의 효과에 대하여 조사하였다. 4월 3일, 4월10일, 4월 17일, 5월 22월에 삽수를 채취하여 발근 및 캘루스형성에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 발근은 4월 17일이 가장 좋았으며 그 다음이 4월 10일 이였다. 캘루스형성율의 경우 4월 17일이 가장 좋았으며 다음이 5월 22일 이였다. 삽상온도는 삽수채취시기에 관계없이 20℃가 발근 및 캘루스 형성에 가장 효과적이었다. NAA, IAA, S-07처리에 의해서 캘루스형성이 촉진되었다. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of cutting date, bed temperature and growth regulators on the rooting of stem cuttings of Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. As a result of investigation for the rooting and callus formation of stem cuttings which were cutted at 3, 10, 17 April and 22 May respectively, rooting cutted at 17 April was best and 10 April in the next. And callus formation rate was highest at 17 April and 22 May in the next. Under 20℃ bed temperature, rooting and callus formation were better than 30℃ regardless of cutting dates. Callus formation was promoted by NAA, IAA, and uniconazole treatments.

壬辰倭亂과 朝鮮의 醫學

孫弘烈 청주대학사학회 1994 淸大史林 Vol.6 No.-

루터의 만인제사장직

정홍열 아세아연합신학대학교 2005 ACTS 神學과 宣敎 Vol.9 No.-

응급센터로 내원한 발작성심실상성빈맥 환자에 대한 아데노신의 투여효과

김홍용,김경환,윤영철,이경호,김원율,김병옥 대한응급의학회 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Background: Adenosine has gained wide popularity in the emergency medical service system(EMS) since its approval for use in the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT). But, few study about its efficacy and safety have been reported in this country. Therefore we had studied the efficacy of adenosine in the patients with PSVT in the emergency department(ED). Method: A prospective outcome study was performed from July, 1996 to June, 1997 at the Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University. PSVT was diagnosised based on emergency physician's interpretation of the 12 channel ECG. Patient's age, sex, symptoms, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, elapse time to sinus rhythm and side effects were recorded. Results: Twenty seven cases received adenosine for diagnosed PSVT in the ED for 1 year. The cases were 6 man and 21 women. The mean age was 53.4 year old. Three cases were considered unstable PSVT. In twenty six cases(96.3%) were converted to normal sinus rhythm after adenosine therapy. None of the patients who converted to sinus rhythm had recurrent PSVT or required additional mediation. Various adverse effects of adenosine were noted in all patients but were transient and clinically insignificant. Conclusion: Intravenous adenosine is an effective, safe and urgent treatment in terminating PSVT and no significant side effects were happened in emergency department.

NAFTA 出帆과 中南美國家들의 經濟統合

정홍열 국제지역학회 1998 국제지역연구 Vol.2 No.1

After the Second World War, the U.S. became a new leading power among a Capitalist Countries. However, her position start to shake from 1970s when current account balance was getting worse. In 1980s, her leading power was further weaken as European countries and Japan recovered their economic strength. To regain her hegemony, American turn her eyes to regionalism and set up the NAFTA which bound economies of U.S. Canada and Mexico more closely. But U.S. still feel insufficient to contract the expanding influence of EU and Japan. Therefore, U.S. mapped out a new initiative, namely FTAA, in which all of the countries of North and South America are included. U.S. also tried to intensify the relationship of APEC. In this context, I first survey the background of establishment and main agreement's contents of NAFTA, and then review the impacts of NAFTA on integration policy of central and south America. Based on results, I will predict the direction of development of NAFTA and change of world economic discipline in next century.

EU 공동농업정책의 발전 : 보장부문(Guarantee Section)의 개혁을 중심으로

정홍열 서울대학교 국제지역원 2000 국제지역연구 Vol.9 No.2

유럽연합의 공동농업정책(Common Agricultural Policy)은 1957년 체결된 로마 조약에 근거하여 설립되었으며, 1962년에는 EAGGF를 창설하여 농업부문을 지원함으로써 유럽연합 발전에 초석을 이루고 있다. 그러나 EAGGF 보장부문의 고가격지원정책과 수출보조금 제도는 연합체에 큰 재정적 부담을 안겨 주었으며, 또한 회원국들 뿐 만 아니라 세계 주요 곡물수출국과 계속하여 마찰을 일으켜 왔다. 이러한 문제점들을 개선하기 위해 유럽연합은 지난 40여년 간 EAGGF 보장부문을 지속적으로 개혁해 어느 정도 성과를 거두기도 하였다. 그러나 핵심적인 문제는 아직 그대로 남아 있으며, 현재 EU가 경제통화동맹(EMU)과 회원국 확대 정책을 추구함에 따라 향후 더욱 더 많은 문제를 야기할 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 맥락에서 논문에서는 처음 공동농업정책(CAP)이 설립될 당시의 상황과 공동농업정책의 발전과정, 보장부문(Guarantee Section) 중심의 개혁 내용들을 자세히 살펴 봄으로 이 정책이 가진 문제점들을 찾아보고, 이를 바탕으로 미래의 개혁 방안을 제시해 본다. The Development of Agricultural Policy of the EU: with focus on the Reform of the Guarantee Section The Common Agricultural Policy of the EC was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957, and soon became a cornerstone of the Community. It covered over 90 percent of agricultural goods and was regarded as one of the most developed of the EU's policies. Since the 1980s, however, the CAP has caused not only financial crisis but also much political and economic conflict due to its particularly high price support system. Its export refund system has also disturbed the world agricultural market and created problems for the major exporters of farm products. Furthermore, the large share of agricultural expenditure in the EC budget has continued to block the development of other EU programs. To settle these disputes, the EU has introduced a number of reforms over the past 30 years. Even though these attempts achieved some significant progress, the key problems still existed. Moreover, the operations of the CAP are expected to be more complicated in the future due to the EU pursuit of the EMU and the Fourth enlargement. In this paper, I first examine the prevailing economic and political conditions when the CAP was established. Then I review how the CAP, especially Guarantee Section, has evolved and reformed during the past 30years. In the conclusion, I will discuss the main problems of the CAP, and suggest the direction of future reform.