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자궁경부 소세포암 4예의 임상적 특징과 예후에 관한 연구
오영림,김흥열,어완규,김홍배 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.2
Background : To investigate clinicopathologic finding of patients with small cell carcinoma of uterine cervix, and to evaluate the recurrence pattern and survival time of small cell carcinoma of uterine cervix Methods : The medical records of four patients who were diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and whose initial treatment was between January 1990 and December 2006 were studied retrospectively Results : Patient ages ranged between 43 and 50 years. The clinical stages at diagnosis were Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa. All patients presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Tumor size at diagnosis was under 2cm in 1 patient and over 2cm in 3 patients. Disease recurred in 3 patients at 5~26 months and all of them died. Through analyzing overall survival time, FIGO stage and tumor size were significant prognostic factors in small cell carcinoma of the uterus Conclusion : Small cell carcinoma of uterine cervix revealed poor prognosis. Our study found FIGO stage and tumor size were significant prognostic factors in small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Because of limitation of number of patients, further large scaled multicenter studies are needed.
차기정부를 위한 행정개혁 방향모색 : 김영삼정부의 행정개혁에 대한 평가를 바탕으로
유홍림 단국대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.31 No.-
This paper is to present a basic orientation of administrative reform for the next government. For the purpose of this study, author tried to evaluate the administrative reforms in this present regime, so called a civilian government and referred to the changes of international & domestic environment. As a result, we came to know that major advanced countries adopted a 'management for customer satisfaction' already as a strategic task for 21 century which will be a era of 3C, change, competition and customer. In this context, this study maintains as follows: 1) our next government should put an emphasis on building " a Customer-Driven Government" which can actualize 'the public administration for the people' and realize the humanism in the everyday life. 2) It should also declare people is not an object of governance but a principal of national administration. 3) Bureaucrats must internalize the fact that people a customers have a right to ask best services in quality & quantity and these services equal to the best in private sector.
대퇴부의 지역 차단 마취후 광범위 피부 이식 공여부의 임상적 고찰
나영천,류봉수,강양수,양정열,임홍철 大韓成形外科學會 1998 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.3
In general, split thickness skin graft was done under general anesthesia. However, there was a difficulty to do general anesthesia in some cases due to poor general condition. The lateral cutaneous nerve block of the thigh(LCNBT) anesthesia the usual donor site of split-thickness skin graft in the thigh. Using 10 ㎖ of 0.5% bupivacaine, LCNBT was used thigh for harvesting split-thickness skin in 42 patients. Patients age ranged from 18 to 62 years with mean 49 years. The onset of full anesthesia took between 12 and 21 minutes. The area anesthetised ranged from 200 ㎠ to 940 ㎠ with mean 551 ㎠. The duration of full anesthesia was from 6 to 16 hours. In 6 patients, LCNBT was compared with previous lidocaine local anesthesia and all patients preferred to do LCNBT. In our experience, LCNBT is a safe, and simple method for harvesting split-thickness from the thigh and LCNBT provided good postoperative analgesia.
최창운,이경한,최용,임상무,김상은,이정림,홍성운,김병태 대한핵의학회 1999 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.33 No.3
Purpose: To assess the quantitative accuracy and the clinical utility of 3D volumetric PET imaging with FDG in brain studies, 24 patients with various neurological disorders were studied. Materials and Methods: Each patient was injected with 370 MBq of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. After a 30 min uptake period, the patients were imaged for 30 min in 2 dimensional acquisition (2D) and subsequently for 10 min in 3 dimensional acquisition imaging (3D) using a GE AdvanceTM PET system. The scatter corrected 3D (3D SC) and non scatter-corrected 3D images were compared with 2D images by applying ROIs on gray and white matter, lesion and contralateral normal areas. Measured and calculated attenuation correction methods for emission images were compared to get the maximum advantage of high sensitivity of 3D acquisition. Results: When normalized to the contrast of 2D images, the contrasts of gray to white matter were 0.75±0.13 (3D) and 0.95±0.12 (3D SC). The contrasts of normal area to lesion were 0.83±0.05 (3D) 0.96±0.05 (3D SC). Three nuclear medicine physicians judged 3D SC images to be superior to the 2D with regards to resolution and noise. Regional counts of calculated attenuation correction was not significantly different to that of measured attenuation correction. Conclusion: 3D PET images with the scatter correction in FDG brain studies provide quantitatively and qualitatively similar images to 2D and can be utilized in a routine clinical setting to reduce scanning time and patient motion artifacts. (Korean J Nucl Med 1999;33:327-36)
Hong, Yun-Gi,Moon, Yu-Mi,Hong, Ju-Won,No, So-Young,Choi, Tae-Rim,Jung, Hye-Rim,Yang, Soo-Yeon,Bhatia, Shashi Kant,Ahn, Jung-Oh,Park, Kyung-Moon,Yang, Yung-Hun Elsevier 2018 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.118 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Glutaric acid is one of the promising C5 platform compounds in the biochemical industry. It can be produced chemically, through the ring-opening of butyrolactone followed by hydrolysis. Alternatively, glutaric acid can be produced via lysine degradation pathways by microorganisms. In microorganisms, the overexpression of enzymes involved in this pathway from <I>E. coli</I> and <I>C. glutamicum</I> has resulted in high accumulation of 5-aminovaleric acid. However, the conversion from 5-aminovaleric acid to glutaric acid has resulted in a relatively low conversion yield for unknown reasons. In this study, as a solution to improve the production of glutaric acid, we introduced <I>gabTD</I> genes from <I>B. subtilis</I> to <I>E. coli</I> for a whole cell biocatalytic approach. This approach enabled us to determine the effect of co-factors on reaction and to achieve a high conversion yield from 5-aminovaleric acid at the optimized reaction condition. Optimization of whole cell reaction by different plasmids, pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and cofactor concentration achieved full conversion with 100 mM of 5-aminovaleric acid to glutaric acid. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)<SUP>+</SUP>) and α-ketoglutaric acid were found to be critical factors in the enhancement of conversion in selected conditions. Whole cell reaction with a higher concentration of substrates gave 141 mM of glutaric acid from 300 mM 5-aminovaleric acid, 150 mM α-ketoglutaric acid, and 60 mM NAD<SUP>+</SUP> at 30 °C, with a pH of 8.5 within 24 h (47.1% and 94.2% of conversion based on 5-aminovaleric acid and α-ketoglutaric acid, respectively). The whole cell biocatalyst was recycled 5 times with the addition of substrates; this enabled the accumulation of extra glutaric acid.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The first <I>E. coli</I> whole cell bioconversion from 5-aminovalerate to glutaric acid. </LI> <LI> Finding of critical factors for GabTD reaction. </LI> <LI> Achievement of high bioconversion rate over 90% based on α-ketoglutarate concentration. </LI> <LI> Repetitive use of whole cell biocatalyst to accumulate more glutaric acid. </LI> </UL> </P>
EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE IMPACTS OF MAJOR EVENTS ON INTER-MARKET RELATIONSHIPS IN ASIA
Hong Rim,Robert Setaputra People&Global Business Association 2007 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.12 No.2
This study examines the effects of major economic and financial events on the relationships between stock markets in Asia. The empirical findings show the following; 1) daily returns have not been stable. but the inter-market relationships have been stable; 2) NAFTA and 9-11 Incident events minimal impacts on inter-market relationships; 3) the markers became more integrated after the Mexican peso crisis and the Asian economic crisis. and 4) the correlations between stock markets had not significantly increased during this period. Since there have not been observed any significant changes in the inter-market relationships after these events. there still exist much diversification benefits to he exploited in Asia.