Study on the differential gene expression of elm leaves fed on by Tetraneura akinire Sasaki

Hai‑bo Lu,Ling‑pin Jin,Dong Wei,Zhi‑hong Huang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.12

Background To study the essential molecular mechanism of gall formation is very important. Objective To investigate the differential gene expression in leaves fed on by Tetraneura akinire Sasaki and to provide a basis for the better understanding of the essential molecular mechanism of gall formation. Methods The infected leaves of the elm were divided into three periods: initial formation period (T2), growth and differentiation period (T3), and cracking period (T4). The untouched leaves were used as the control (T1). RNA-Seq was performed, and the high-quality sequences were mapped to the reference genome and the elm gene database to obtain the gene expression profiles. The expression level of each gene was calculated by the RPKM method. A combination of FDR ≤ 0.01 and the absolute value of |log2 ratio (T/CK)| ≥ 2 was used as the threshold to determine the significance of gene expression. Finally, GO and pathway enrichment analyses were used to identify the significantly enriched functional classification and metabolic pathways in DEGs. Results The results revealed that approximately 244 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T2, including 192 up-regulated and 52 down-regulated mRNAs; approximately 175 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T3, including 145 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated mRNAs; and approximately 372 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T4, including 360 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated mRNAs. Approximately 34 differentially expressed genes were identified by Venn analysis. Comparing the three infection periods to the control, there were 28 up-regulated and six down-regulated mRNAs. Additionally, 562 genes were used for cluster analysis, which revealed that the gene expression in T2 and T3 changed greatly. Genes related to cell proliferation and respiration, such as microtubulin and 6-phosphoric acid fructose kinase were mainly up-regulated during the T2 period. Genes encoding lipoxygenase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and protease inhibitor were up-regulated during T2 and T3. Genes encoding lignocellulose synthase were up-regulated during T4, which suggests the reinforcement of the cell wall to improve the resistance to the damage of the Tetraneura akinire Sasaki. Conclusions The results showed that the feeding of Tetraneura akinire Sasaki caused the differential expression of elm genes and influenced cellular energy metabolism. These changes in physiological response and gene expression of the elm compose the physiological and molecular basis of the gall formation and may improve the resistance of elm to Tetraneura akinire Sasaki.

Practical Calculation Method for the Short‑Circuit Current of Power Grids with High Temperature Superconducting Fault Current Limiters

Hai‑feng Hong,Meng‑ze Yu,Xiao‑hui Zhang,Jia‑jia Huan,Yu Sui,Xian‑xian Pan 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.2

With the expansion of the power grid scale and the enhancement of network structure interconnection, the short-circuit current of power grids is increasingly close to the upper capacity limit of circuit breakers. The fault current limiter is efective in suppressing the short-circuit current of power grids, and with the mature development of superconducting technology, high-temperature superconducting fault current limiters (HTS-FCLs) have been widely used in power grids. Due to the nonlinear impedance–current characteristic of HTS-FCLs, the traditional short-circuit current calculation method is inapplicable to power grids with HTS-FCLs. First, based on the establishment of the electromechanical transient model and the short-circuit calculation model, the short-circuit current calculation procedure for power grids with HTS-FCLs is proposed. Second, the calculation methods for three-phase and single-phase short-circuit currents at the substation bus in power grids with HTS-FCLs are analyzed. Finally, three-phase and single-phase short-circuit currents at the 500 kV Xijiang substation bus in the Guangdong power grid are calculated as the study case. Simulation results show that compared with the situation where there is no HTS-FCL installed, the short-circuit current on the 500 kV bus decreases from 65.34 to 58.31 kA in terms of the three-phase short-circuit fault, and decreases from 54.56 to 46.62 kA in terms of the single-phase short-circuit fault, thus verifying the efectiveness and practicability of HTS-FCLs in suppressing the short-circuit current, which is signifcant for the safe, stable and reliable operation of the power grid.

MiR-873, as a suppressor in cervical cancer, inhibits cells proliferation, invasion and migration via negatively regulating ULBP2

Hai‑Xia Liang,Yu‑Hong Li 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.4

Background Cervical cancer (CC) remains a large burden in the developing countries. The tumor inhibitory role of miR873 has been verified in a variety of cancers, however, whether miR-873 has a suppressive effect on CC remains unclear. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional role of miR-873 in CC, as well as explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods The prognostic values of miR-873 were assessed by Kaplan–Meier methods and cox regression models using the data which were downloaded from TCGA database. The expression of miR-873 was measured by RT-qPCR. Cell counting Kit-8, clone formation, and Transwell assays were used to assess the cell viability and metastasis, appropriately. The targeting relationship between miR-873 and ULBP2 was predicted by biological software and confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. Rescue assays were conducted to investigate whether miR-873 affects the phenotype of CC cells via regulating ULBP2. Results We observed that miR-873 was low-expressed in CC. Up-regulation of miR-873 notably restrained the proliferation, invasion and migration of C33a cells. Meanwhile, down-regulation of miR-873 in SiHa cells presented the opposite outcomes. ULBP2 was forecasted and certified as a target of miR-873. The results of rescue assays showed that overexpression of ULBP2 could restore the proliferation and motility of CC cells that inhibited by miR-873. Conclusion MiR-873 suppressed the CC cells proliferation, invasion and migration via negatively regulating ULBP2, suggesting that miR-873 could serve as a valuable therapeutic target for CC therapy.

이차원 영상을 이용한 물체의 삼차원 좌표구현

홍진수,박해윤 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.2

We need a whole processing to extract object's informations in the image. So, useful informations were found to use any operators with contrast to object's informations that are transformed to numerical informations. Generally, image processing is dealt with two-dimensional informations are not able to extract the depth-cue information, because it has only Hue, Saturation, Intensity informations. Thus, we need to use three- dimensional information so to extract to exactly object's informations. For the depth-cue information, theoretical methods with disparity are binocular disparity, monocular disparity, shade disparity and time-delay disparity, the other experimental methods with embodiment are Red-Blue polarization, othorgonal polarization, lenticular polarization and parallax barrier. In this paper, binocular disparity is discussed in theoretical methods to extract the depth-cue information. The depth-cue informations are obtained with image processing techniques such as modified modified Canny edge detect method, edge, edge pairs, coordinate pairs and dynamic programming. Also, we presented new method so that it could use to exact object's information with only edge informations in the case that disparity values are not well known.

내부전반사에 대한 고찰 Ⅱ : 구스-행켄 시프트 Goos-Ha¨nken shift

홍진수,박해윤 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.2

The detailed phenomenon of total internal reflection, Goos-Hanken shift, is discussed based on electromagnetic theory when two prisms are separated in narrow gap comparable to the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave. The shift is quite important to estimate the optical properties of materials and thus it can be applied to enhance the performance of simple devices such as microscope, optic communication and optoelectronics.

고출력 펄스 레이저로 증착된 유기필름

홍진수,채희백,안성기,박해윤 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.2

유기발광 응용에 성공적으로 사용되어 새로운 물질을 개발할 때 기준으로 사용되는 Alq_3와 TPD필름을 기존의 증착법(열증착법과 스핀코터 기술)을 대체할 수 있는 고출력펄스레이저로 합성하였다. 펠릿 타겟은Q-스위칭 Nd:YAG 레이저의 532 nm와 355 nm를 사용하여 2&10^-6 Torr압력 하에서 용발시킨다. 슬라이드 유리 위에 증착된 필름은 유기발광 디바이스에 사용될 가능성이 있는지 알기 위해 다음과 같은 조사를 하였다: PL,AFM, 흡수 스펙트라, XRD. 355 nm 레이저로 유기필름을 증착하면 532 nm 경우의 필름보다 결합이 적고, 특히 열증착 필름보다 스트레스를 덜 받는다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 또한 타겟의 구조가 Alq_3 다를지라도 레이저 증착법으로 합성된 Alq_3 필름은 열증착과 동일한 구조를 갖는다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 어느 레이저를 사용하건 증착된 필름은 결정구조를 확인할 수 없을 정도로 비정질을 이룬다는 사실을 알 수 있다.

메탄올 용매 중에서 벤젠술포닐클로라이드의 가아민분해반응에 대한 속도론적 연구

홍성완,정순량,오해범 우석대학교 부설 기초과학연구소 1997 기초과학연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Kinetic studies of nucleophilic substitution reactions of substituted benzenesulfonyl chlorides with substituted N,N-dimethylanilines were conducted at 35.0℃ in methanol. Results showed that (ⅰ) the magnitude of ρ_X and β_X associated with a change of substitutent in the nucleophile are large and indicate a relatively advanced bond-formation in the transition state, (ⅱ) The large negative cross-interaction constant. ρ_(XY) = -0.53. These values show that aminolysis of benzenesulfonyl chlorides proceeds by S_N2 mechanism with some S_N2 -S_AN border reaction.

방향족 다가카르복시산들의 이온-쌍 액체크로마토그래피

오해범,정순량,홍성완 우석대학교 부설 기초과학연구소 1996 기초과학연구소 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

C_18칼럼을 정지상으로 한 방향족카르복시산들의 역상액체크로마토그래피에서 teramethylmmonium bromide(TMAB)를 반대이온으로 사용하였을 때 반응메카니즘은 이온-쌍 모델이 우세하였다. 시료들의 용량인자값들은 반대이온의 종류와 농도, 이동상에 들어있는 메탄올과 공존음이온의 농도, pH에 많은 영향을 받았으며 시료에 치환되어 있는 작용기의 종류와 위치에 따라서도 영향을 받았다. 이 결과를 토대로 최적 조건하에서 몇가지 시료의 혼합물들을 효과적으로 분리할 수 있었다. Ion-pair model was predominated over ion-interaction model in the retention mechanism of analytes when tetramethylammonium bromide(TMAB) was used as a counter-ion in the investigation of aromatic polycarboxylic acids on the reversed-phase liquid chromatography by C_18 column as a stationary phase. The capacity factors of analytes were influnced by the type and concertation of counter-ions, concertrations of methanol and co-anion, type and position of functional group, and the PH in mobile phase. Components of analyte mixtuue could be separated under the optimum conditions by this method.

Aℓ- Zn 系 合金의 機械的 性質에 關한 硏究

鄭求海,崔圭夏,金鴻遇 忠州大學校 1978 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.11 No.2

Aℓ-Zn alloy has poor Tensile strength and hardness and it also has poor anticorrosion and aging. This alloy easily develops stress corrosion cracking and season cracking therefore. it is being developed by the application of thermomechanical treatment with Cr and Mn added. Aℓ-Zn alloy, in this study, is being developed with a small quantity of Mg added, instead of Or or Mn preventing stress corrosion cracking and season cracking, and giving this alloy some good mechanical properties as good as E.S.D Tenailo arrongth, hardness and anticarrosion, so that it could be used in manufacturing of air planes, building shipe construction, machine-making and household appliances.

내부 전반사에 대한 고찰 Ⅰ

박해윤,홍진수 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.2

Total internal reflections is discussed theoretically for two polarized electromagnetic waves. The polarized waves are incident on a prism which are placed in non-contact with another prism so that narrow air gap exists between two prisms comparable to the wavelength of incident wave. Adjustment of air gap or deilectric layer leads to the variation of transmittance based on the electromagnetic theory.