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Phosphodiesterase inhibitor improves renal tubulointerstitial Hypoxia of the Diabetic rat Kidney
( Hui Kyoung Sun ),( Yun Mi Lee ),( Kum Hyun Han ),( Han Seong Kim ),( Seon Ho Ahn ),( Sang Youb Han ) 대한내과학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.27 No.2
Background/Aims: Renal hypoxia is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Pentoxifyllin (PTX), a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is used to attenuate peripheral vascular diseases. To determine whether PTX can improve renal hypoxia, we investigated its effect in the streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic kidney. Methods: PTX (40 mg/kg, PO) was administered to STZ-induced diabetic rats for 8 weeks. To determine tissue hypoxia, we examined hypoxic inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) levels. We also tested the effect of PTX on HIF-1α in renal tubule cells. Results: PTX reduced the increased protein creatinine ratio in diabetic rats at 8 weeks. HIF-1α, VEGF, and GLUT-1 mRNA expression increased significantly, and the expression of HO-1 also tended to increase in diabetic rats. PTX significantly decreased mRNA expression of HIF-1α and VEGF at 4 and 8 weeks, and decreased HO-1 and GLUT-1 at 4 weeks. The expression of HIF-1α protein was significantly increased at 4 and 8 weeks in tubules in the diabetic rat kidney. PTX tended to decrease HIF-1α protein expression at 8 weeks. To examine whether PTX had a direct effect on renal tubules, normal rat kidney cells were stimulated with CoCl2 (100 μM), which enhanced HIF-1α mRNA and protein levels under low glucose conditions (5.5 mM). Their expressions were similar even after high glucose (30 mM) treatment. PTX had no effect on HIF-1α expression. Conclusions: PTX attenuates tubular hypoxia in the diabetic kidney.
개 시상하부의 Neuropeptides에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구
장인엽,정윤영,김종중,문정석,김준수,모근석,임용,유호진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1996 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.21 No.1
The distribution and localization of somatostatin(SOM), neuropeptide Y(NPY), vasopressin(VP), and oxytocin(OT) were studied with a immunohistochemical technique in the canine hypothalamus. The SOM-immunoreactive perikarya were concentrated in the anterior periventricular and the arcuate nuclei. Immunoreactive terminals were observed in the arcuate, the ventromedial hypothalamic, the suprachismatic nuclei and the external layer of the median emmence. A great number of NPY-immunoreactive cell bodies were found in the arcuate nucleus and NPY fibers were located throughout the hypothalamus with the highest concentration especially in the paraventricular (PVN) and the acuate nuclei. Moderately or densely stained fibers were also observed in the median eminence, the suprachiasmatic. the periventricular, the ventromedial hypothalamic, the dorsomedial hypothalamic and the medial preoptic nuclei, and the stria terminalis. Both VP-and OT-containing perikarya were found mainly in the PVN and supraoptic nucleus(SON). but a few were seen in the perifornical area, the lateral hypothalamus, the dorsal hypothalamic and the periventricular nucleus. The fibers originated from the PVN were projected to the SON via ventral or dorsal area of the fornix.
기니이픽 장관의 c-Kit 및 NK 1R 면역반응 세포구조에 대한 공초점 주사현미경적 연구
장인엽,김종중,문정석,김현곤,박찬국,전제열,전규배,조철희,유호진 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.1
Background and Objectives: Immunolabelling of interstitial Cajal(IC) cells in the intestinal wall has recently been developed by using a specific marker, the anti-c-Kit antibody. Substance-P is a well-known neurotransmitter in the gastro-intestinal tract. Since the gastro-intestinal wall structures have already been well documented in the guinea pig, immunohistochemistry was done for the c-Kit-positive IC network and substance-P receptor(NK1R) in an attempt to provide a morphological basis for the mechanism regulating gastro-intestinal movement. Materials and Methods: Cryosection and whole-mount preparations of guinea pig small intestine and colon were single and double immunolabelled using the anti-c-Kit and NK1R antibodies. Immunolabelled specimens were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results : According to a three dimensional reconstruction study, it was found that (1) the c-Kit-positive celluar networks were widely distributed in the intestinal wall, (2) c-Kit-positive celluar networks encircled the ganlion, with strands in reticular configurations, and (3) the c-Kit-positive cells showed colocalization with NK1R in circular muscle(CM), not myenteric plexus(MY). Conclusion: The charateristic profiles of IC containing c-Kit-positive celluar networks and the relationship between c-Kit-positive and NK1R-positive structures provide a morphological basis upon the mechanism regulating gastro-intestinal motility.
宋柱葉,白東勳,崔淏盛 全北大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.42 No.-
This study was carried out to investigate overall performance and to estimate effects of the environmental factors on body weights of the bull in Korean Native Cattle. Data used for this study included a total of 545 heads of Korean Native Cattle recorded from 1981 to 1990 at Alpine Experiment Station located in Kangwon province. The effects of year of birth, age of dam, parity of dam and season of birth were estimated by means of least squares method. Overall least squares means and standard errors for the body weights of the bull at birth, 4, 6, 12 and 18 months of ate were 26.8±0.13, 99.3±0.58, 142.4±0.80, 338.0±1.34 and 484.2±2.00㎏, respectively. The effects of year of birth showed significant differences on birth weigh and highly significant differences on the other traits. The effects of age of dam showed significant differences on 4 months of age. The effects of season of birth showed significant differences on all of the traits. the calves born in winter or spring were heavier than those born in summer or fall.
강호정 ( Ho Jung Kang ),이한규 ( Han Kyu Lee ),윤재량 ( Jae Ryang Yoon ),박영옥 ( Young Ok Park ),이정학 ( Jeoung Hak Lee ),이준엽 ( Jun Youb Lee ),전호문 ( Ho Mun Jun ),신복환 ( Bok Hwan Shin ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2002 체육과학연구 Vol.13 No.2
최근 국가대표 선수촌 개방과 더불어 선수촌 훈련시설의 효율적 활용의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 국가대표선수촌의 조직, 인력, 예산, 시설, 프로그램 등 선수촌 내부환경을 분석하고, 선수촌 이용자인 국가대표 선수와 개방된 시설 이용 일반인에 대한 분석을 수행하여 선수촌 관리운영 실태를 파악하였다. 이를 토대로 국가대표 선수촌 운영개선방안을 단기와 중·장기로 나누어 제시하였는데 단기운영개선방안은 개방시설(실내빙상장, 국제스케이트장)의 활용증대방안과 미개방시설의 개방 및 활용증대방안으로 구분하여 제시하였다. 중·장기운영개선방안은 시설개선, 프로그램 개발, 조직과 인력 측면으로 나누어 제시하였다. The opening and efficient utilization on facilities of national training center has been issued recently. In the first place, we analyze internal environment including organization, personnel, budget, facilities, programs of national training center, and survey current situation on operation of it through analysis of national athletes and individuals. On the basis of above contents, we present how to improve operation on national training center for short term period and middle-long term periods. For short-term period, methods to improve it by the degree of opening are as follows. First, short track indoor ice rink in opening to other athletes besides national athletes is needed in reinforcement of publicities and establishment of various programs. Second, the only facility of opening to individuals, taeneung international ice rink is required in active publicities and improvement of service quality especially. Third, among the non-opening facilities, we should consider opening of facilities of indoor stadium, main stadium and tour of national training center in weekend. In case of middle-long term periods, we suggest solution to improve it by facilities, programs, organization and personnel. First, repair or reconstruction of old facilities is required absolutely. Second, we demands establishment of various programs in liaison with facilities of national training center to young athletes, enthusiasts and individuals. Third, we propose new establishment to division of business involving international ice rink operating team and employment of related personnel.