Role of anti-aging factor and reactive sulfur species in the pathogenesis of COPD

( Hisatoshi Sugiura ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Cellular senescence is observed in the lungs of patients with COPD and may contribute to the disease pathogenesis. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) belongs to the transforming growth factor β superfamily and was recently reported to be a circulating protein that may have rejuvenating effects in mice. We aimed to investigate the amounts of GDF11 in the plasma and the lungs of patients with COPD and elucidate the possible roles of GDF11 in cellular senescence. The plasma levels of GDF11 were investigated in two separate cohorts by western blotting. The localisation and expression of GDF11 in the lungs were investigated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription PCR, respectively. The effects of GDF11 on both cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced cellular senescence in vitro and on elastase-induced cellular senescence in vivo were investigated. The levels of plasma GDF11 in the COPD group were decreased compared with the control groups in the two independent cohorts. The levels of plasma GDF11 were significantly positively correlated with pulmonary function data. The mRNA expression of GDF11 in mesenchymal cells from the COPD group was decreased. Chronic exposure to CSE decreased the production of GDF11. Treatment with GDF11 significantly inhibited CSE-induced cellular senescence and upregulation of inflammatory mediators, partly through Smad2/3 signaling in vitro. Daily GDF11 treatment attenuated cellular senescence and airspace enlargement in an elastase-induced mouse model of emphysema. The decrease in GDF11 may be involved in the cellular senescence observed in COPD. Furthermore, oxidative stress is a major aetiological factor driving COPD. Recently recognised as potent antioxidants, reactive persulfide and polysulfide species are biosynthesised by cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase. The production of reactive persulfide and polysulfide species in the lungs of patients with COPD remain unknown. So, we aimed to examine the production of reactive persulfides and polysulfides, such as glutathione persulfide (GSSH), cysteine persulfide (CysSSH) and glutathione trisulfide (GSSSH), in lung-resident cells and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) obtained from patients with mild to moderate COPD. Lung tissues, primary lung cells, ELF and sputum were obtained. The amounts of reactive persulfides and polysulfides in the cells and ELF were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with β-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl iodoacetamide as a trapping agent for hydroper/polysulfides. The amounts of synthases in the lung tissues, sputum and primary cells were quantified. The amounts of GSSH, CysSSH and GSSSH were decreased in the lung cells and ELF from patients with COPD. The amounts of reactive persulfides and polysulfides in the lung cells had a positive correlation with the degree of airflow limitation. By contrast, the amounts of the synthases were increased in the lung tissues and sputum cells of patients with COPD. We have identified a decrease in reactive persulfide and polysulfide species in the lungs of patients with COPD. These data suggest that the newly detected antioxidants reactive persulfides and polysulfides could be associated with the redox balance in the lungs of patients with COPD.

The Entire Magmatic History of the Toba Caldera Complex, Northern Sumatra, Inferred from Zircon U-Pb Geochronology: Implication of Future Geohazards

( Hisatoshi Ito ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

The entire magmatic history of the Toba Caldera Complex (TCC), which involves the climactic Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) super-eruption at ~74 ka that devastated the environment and could have decimated most modern human population, was investigated using zircons from the Oldest Toba Tuff, a post-caldera lava dome and detrital zircons from lake sediments deposited after the YTT activity. It was reconfirmed that magmatic activity of the TCC started at ~1.3 Ma and it was newly found that the zircon-forming magmatic activity of TCC significantly declined at ~0.2 Ma, well before the ~0.07 Ma YTT eruption. Therefore, the cataclysmic YTT eruption was not triggered by intensive/rapid magma supply at the time of eruption. The trigger should have been a small magmatic input or some other mechanisms (such as mechanical roof failure and roof subsidence into the magma reservoir). The YTT magma was stored incrementally over 1 million years as cold storage and finally it vented voluminous tephras at ~0.07 Ma. The remarkable accordance of zircon U-Pb age distribution between YTT and post YTT lava dome indicates that post-caldera magmatic activity/resurgence occurred using essentially the same magma with YTT. This evidence may help to recognize when and where future super-eruptions may occur on earth.

Study on Integrity Assessment of Pile Foundation Based on Seismic Observation Records

KASHIWA, Hisatoshi Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2020 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.9 No.4

Given the importance of quickly recovering livelihoods and economic activity after an earthquake, the seismic performance of the pile foundation is becoming more critical than before. In order to promote seismic retrofit of the pile foundations, it is necessary to develop a method for evaluating the seismic performance of the pile foundation based on the experimental data. In this paper, we focus on the building that was suffered severe damage to the pile foundation, conduct simulation analyses of the building, and report the results of evaluating the dynamic characteristics when piles are damaged using a system identification method. As a result, an analysis model that can accurately simulate the behavior of the damaged building during an earthquake was constructed, and it was shown that the system identification method could extract dynamic characteristics that may damage piles.

Clinical Decision-Making for the Geriatric Dental Patient : Treatment Concept and Procedure

Tanaka, Hisatoshi 경희대학교 2001 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.2001 No.1

A major difficulty in Prosthetic treatment of the elderly is finding the right treatment for each patient. Excellent high-level prosthetic methods can be applied successfully in treatment of the elderly. It is a fact that most complete denture patients have significantly decreased chewing efficiency compared to dentate subject and patients with overdenture or implant-supported prosthesis. These patients had rated stability and their ability to chew with the implant-supported prosthesis as better than with the denture because of the better mechanical stability. However, each patient has his own criteria for selecting a particular type of prosthetic treatment, beyond what may be recommended by the dentist. Therefore, the principles of prosthetic treatment in geriatric patients should be based on simplicity and must take into account the individual patient's needs: his oral and general health status, socio-economical status and oral comfort. The conventional complete denture still remains an important option in meeting the needs of the elderly patient. Factors such as posterior tooth form, occlusal scheme, and tooth arrangement are important in proper denture construction. Yet the correctness of the occlusion depends primarily on outcome of the registration of the horizontal maxillo-mandibular relation. Frequently, occlusal errors are due to not having recognized the structural and functional alterations within the masticatory system, which prevent recording a physiologic maxillo-mandibular relationship. There could be a great risk that the closure path will change after denture insertion. If the dentist does not take into account a patient's trouble registering maxillo-mandibular relation, then the patient will probably have denture instability. Also, long-term denture wearers often undergo facial morphology changes as a result of not only occlusal wear of the dentures and residual ridge resorption but also masticatory dysfunction. We need to know whether or not we can create a method of mandibular re-positioning for a patient that will change the facial skeletal structure, and will therefore correct their mandibular dysfunction. There has been no references regarding of morphological change analysis in relation to functional masticatory muscle activity, which is fundamental to understanding maxillo-mandibular relation. Yet we recently performed a study concerning the relationship between morphological change and TMJ dysfunction. One hundred complete denture patients were randomly selected for evaluation of TMJ disorder and relationship between TMJ and clinical symptoms. Of this group, 68.6% had internal derangement and 55.7% had osteoarthrosis in the TMJ. Results showed that there was a higher frequency of short-cycle denture life among the patients who were suffering from internal derangement. Also, the degree of severity of TMJ disorder was related to abnormality of maxillo-mandibular relation. Therefore, the prevalence of temporo-mandibular joint disorder among complete denture wearers should be considered in relation to the abnormality of maxillo-mandibular relation in elderly patients, and will be discussed.

일본의 의료사고현상을 통해 본 ‘의료안전과 형법’

松原久利(Matsubara, Hisatoshi),오정용(Oh, Jung-Yong) 한국법학회 2013 법학연구 Vol.51 No.-

1999년 간호사가 세정액을 식염수로 오인하고 이를 환자에게 주사하여 사망한 의료사고사건을 계기로 최근 일본에서는 의료사고에 대한 신고건수가 증가하고 있다. 이와 관련하여 2000년에 일본의 후생노동성은 의료사고가 발생한 경우 경찰에 신고하도록 지시를 했던 것을 시작으로, 이후 의료안전대책검토회의 설치(2001년), 의료법개정(2006년), 의료안전조사위원회설치법안을 공표(2008년)하는 등 의료안전대책을 둘러싼 다각적 검토가 진행되었다. 기존의 의료사고에 대한 책임추급의 경향은 과도하게 형사사법제도에 의존해 왔다고 하는 지적에 직면하고 있는데, 이러한 배경에는 의료사고에 대한 대체방안이나 다른 제재수단이 그 기능을 충분히 하고 있지 못하고, 공적인 책임추급의 시스템이나 사고원인의 규명을 위한 제도가 마련되지 못했다는 점에 있다. 의료사고에 대한 책임추급의 수단으로서는 손해배상 등의 민사책임, 면허취소나 업무정지 등의 행정처분, 그리고 형사책임을 들 수 있으나, 지금까지는 이러한 법적 책임이 각각 독립적으로 책임소재가 추급되어 왔을 뿐 의료사고의 원인규명과 재발방지를 위한 실질적인 대책, 그리고 피해회복과 그 책임소재를 명확히 함에 있어서는 제 역할을 하지 못했다고 할 수 있다. 특히 행정처분에 있어서는 형사판결이 확정된 이후 이를 근거로 의사의 면허취소나 업무정지 등의 처분을 하는 형태를 취한 경우가 대부분이며, 그 처분에 있어서도 강제조사권이 없고, 행정처분과 형사처분이 관계없이 작용하였을 뿐만 아니라 이러한 종류의 형사재판은 장기화로 이어지게 되어 결국 의료안전을 추구하기 위한 책임추급의 방향과는 사뭇 다른 결과를 가져왔다. 의료사고에 대한 문제해결을 위해서는 원인규명, 재발방지, 피해회복과 더불어 적절한 책임추급이 불가결하며, 이를 위해서는 사고원인의 규명 및 재발방지를 위한 전문적인 기관의 설치와 민사책임 및 행정처분과 형사책임의 추급을 위한 상호관계를 검토할 필요가 있다. 즉 형법이 의료안전을 위한 대책으로서 기능하기 위해서는 민사책임과 행정처분과의 연계를 시도하면서 최후수단성이라고 하는 형벌의 부과를 유지한다는 원칙을 전제로 해야 할 것이며, 그 제재에 대해서도 다양한 사안에 유연하게 대응할 수 있는 제재의 유형을 검토할 필요가 있다.

PROPAGATION PROCESSES OF NEWLY DEVELOPED PLASMA JET IGNITER

Masaya Ogawa,Hisatoshi Sasaki,Koji Yoshida,Hideo Shoji,Hidenori Tanaka 한국자동차공학회 2002 International journal of automotive technology Vol.3 No.1

In plasma jet ignition, combustion enhancement effects occur toward the plasma jet issuing direction. Therefore, when the igniter is attached at the center of a cylindrically shaped combustion chamber, plasma jet should issue toward the round combustion chamber wall. The plasma jet igniter that had an annular circular orifice has been developed. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationship between the newly developed plasma jet igniter configuration and combustion enhancement effects. In this newly developed plasma jet igniter, flame front wrinkle appears on the flame front and flame propagates rapidly. Plasma jet influences on the flame propagation for long period when the plasma jet igniter has issuing angle 90 degrees and large cavity volume, because the plasma jet only lasts several ms. However, in the early stage of combustion, flame front area of issuing angle 45 degrees is larger than that of 90 degrees, because the initial flame kernel is formed by the plasma jet.<br/>

PROPAGATION PROCESSES OF NEWLY DEVELOPED PLASMA JET IGNITER

Ogawa, Masaya,Sasaki, Hisatoshi,Yosgida, Koji,Shoji, Hideo,Tanaka, Hidenori The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2002 International journal of automotive technology Vol.3 No.1

In plasma jet ignition, combustion enhancement effects occur toward the plasma jet issuing direction. Therefore, when the igniter is attached at the center of a cylindrically shaped combustion chamber, plasma jet should issue toward the round combustion chamber wall. The plasma jet igniter that had an annular circular orifice has been developed. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationship between the newly developed plasma Jet igniter configuration and combustion enhancement effects. In this newly developed plasma Jet igniter, flame front wrinkle appears on the flame front and flame propagates rapidly. Plasma Jet influences on the flame propagation far long period when the plasma jet igniter has issuing angle 90 degrees and large cavity volume, because the plasma jet only lasts several ms. However, in the early stage of combustion, flame front area of issuing angle 45 degrees is larger than that of 90 degrees, because the initial flame kernel is formed by the plasma jet.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Polymer for Crosslinking Cells

Michiko Ito,Tetsushi Taguchi,Hisatoshi Kobayashi,Tetsuya Tateishi 한국고분자학회 2006 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.10

Quantification of Contraction Synchronicity and Contraction Work in Coronary Artery Disease

Takanaga Niimi,Mamoru Nanasato,Hisatoshi Maeda 대한핵의학회 2017 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.51 No.3

Purpose This study quantified the contraction synchronicity (CS; with 100% representing full synchrony and −100% dyssynchrony) and contraction work (CW, millijoules per centimeter squared; representingmyocardial area) in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods CS, CW and LVEF in 104 subjects (54 CAD patients and 50 control subjects without CAD) were measured using rest electrocardiography-gated single-photon emission computed tomography (ECG SPECT). Contraction amplitude (CA), synchronous contraction index (SCI), and CW were evaluated using the program Quantification of Segmental Function by Solving the Poisson Equation (QSFP) developed in-house. Results The mean CA, SCI and CW of 17 segments in the control subjects were 33.8 ± 4.1% (±SD), 96.6 ± 1.4%, and 6.9 ± 1.0 mJ/cm2, respectively. In the patients with CAD, the respective values were 26.1 ± 7.3%, 82.1 ± 16.8%, and 5.4 ± 1.6 mJ/cm2. In the CAD patients with LVEF <40% (n = 14), the mean CA, SCI,and CW were 17.9 ± 4.0%, 63.0 ± 18.4%, and 3.5 ± 1.1 mJ/cm2, respectively. These values were significantly lower than in the control subjects (p < 0.005). Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, values for the area under the curve showing the performance of CA, CS,CWand LVEF in the diagnosis of CAD were 0.81, 0.86, 0.78, and 0.84, respectively. Conclusion Asynchrony shown using the QSFP is useful for CAD detection.

Comparative Cardiac Phantom Study Using Tc-99m/I-123 and Tl-201/I-123 Tracers with Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride Detector-Based Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Takanaga Niimi,Mamoru Nanasato,Mitsuo Sugimoto,Hisatoshi Maeda 대한핵의학회 2019 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.53 No.1

Objective A recently introduced single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), based on cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) detectors (D-SPECT), supports high energy resolution for cardiac imaging. Importantly, the high energy resolution may allow simultaneous dual-isotope (SDI) imaging (e.g., using Tc-99m and I-123). We quantitatively evaluated Tc-99m/I- 123 SDI imaging by D-SPECT in comparison with conventional T1-201/I-123. Materials and Methods Energy resolution was measured as a percentage of the full width at half maximum(FWHM) for Tc-99m, I-123, and Tl-201. The impact of cross-talk and reconstructed image contrast were quantified by measuring the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and the transmural defect contrast in the left ventricle wall (CTD) induced by a difference in energy, for combinations of Tc-99m/I-123 or Tl-201/I-123, using an RH-2 cardiac phantom. Corresponding measurement was also carried out in Anger SPECT (A-SPECT). Results The energy resolution of the D-SPECTsystem was 5.4%/5.1%for Tc-99m/I-123 and 5.4%/5.3%for Tl-201/I-123, which was approximately two times higher than the A-SPECT. No notable difference was confirmed in the CNRs of the two systems, but T1-201/I-123 showed overall higher value than Tc-99m/I-123. Compared to A-SPECT, CTD of D-SPECT significantly increased with both Tc-99m/I-123 and T1-201/I-123 (p < 0.05). In DSPECT, the combination of Tc-99m/I-123 had a slightly better CTD than T1-201/I-123. In addition, CTD of Tc-99m/I-123 was improved with scatter correction at both nuclides (p < 0.05), but in Tl-201/I-123, no significant improvement was confirmed in I-123 (p > 0.05). Conclusion D-SPECT was considered to be capable of performing high-quality SDI imaging using Tc-99m/I-123.