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Hiroto Honda(Hiroto Honda ),Reina Maeda(Reina Maeda ),Suguru Ando(Suguru Ando ),Kenji Shinbo(Kenji Shinbo ),Wataru Nanikawa(Wataru Nanikawa ),Masaki Iwamura(Masaki Iwamura ),Yoshihiro Yamashina(Yoshih 사피엔시아 2020 Exercise Medicine Vol.4 No.-
Objectives: Little is known regarding the associations between Borg’s rating of perceived exertion (RPE), cardiopulmonary responses, and carrying bags while level walking. We investigated the changes in RPE and cardiopulmonary responses, including energy cost (EC), oxygen consumption (VdotO₂), and heart rate (HR), when walking with a bag. Methods: This randomized crossover study included 10 healthy adults (aged 21–22 years). Four days of experiments were performed at intervals of 1–2 weeks. The participants walked on a level treadmill while carrying a bag with a strap weighting 5 kg, placed diagonally on their shoulders (DS), vertically on their shoulders (VS), vertically in one hand (VH), and on their backs using both shoulders (BS) for 20 min. Walking speed was stable among all experiments, and was set to the participants’ preferred speed. Results: No significant differences between bag carrying methods regarding EC, VdotO₂, and %HRreserve (based on HR) were observed, whereas RPE respiratory (RPE-resp) and RPE leg muscle (RPE-leg) scores varied based on bag carrying method used. RPE-resp score was significantly lower for DS and BS than VH (both p < 0.0083); however, no significant difference was observed when each RPE-leg score was compared. Conclusions: We found that RPE-resp score varied, whereas no changes in EC, VdotO₂, and HR were observed in healthy adults while walking with different bag carrying methods. Additionally, of all bag carrying methods assessed, the highest RPE-resp score was observed when individuals carried a bag with one-hand at their side.
Linear-Response Theory of the Longitudinal Spin Seebeck Effect
Hiroto Adachi,Sadamichi Maekawa 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12
We theoretically investigate the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect, in which the spin current isinjected from a ferromagnet into an attached nonmagnetic metal in a direction parallel to thetemperature gradient. Using the fact that the phonon heat current flows intensely into the attachednonmagnetic metal in this particular configuration, we show that the sign of the spin injection signalin the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect can be opposite to that in the conventional transverse spinSeebeck effect when the electron-phonon interaction in the nonmagnetic metal is sufficiently large. Our linear-response approach can explain the sign reversal of the spin injection signal recentlyobserved in the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect.
Hiroto Miura,Yuki Motoishi,Naoki Tanaka,Tsuyohiko Fujigaya 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2
Trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-grafted polybenzimidazole (PBI-TFSI) was synthesized for proton exchange membrane (PEM) applications. Its proton conductivity was a) less dependent on humidity and b) higher than that of conventional fluorine-based PEM (Nafion) and propanesulfonicacid-grafted PBI (PBI-PS) at a relative humidity of 40%. The chemical structure of PBI-TFSI was investigated using 1H and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The membranes yielded good transparency, flexibility, and thermal stability up to 350 °C. Membranes with different side-chain grafting ratios were prepared, and the water uptake and hydration number of the PBI-TFSI membranes were lower than those of the PBI-PS membranes most likely because of the hydrophobicity of the side chain. The higher proton concentration provided by TFSI with stronger acidity than PS might be the reason for the higher proton conductivities of PBI-TFSI.
Application Examples of CFD at the Planning Stage of High-Rise Buildings
Hiroto, Kataoka,Yoshiyuki, Ono,Kota, Enoki,Yuichi, Tabata,Satoko, Kinashi Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2022 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.11 No.3
Application examples of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the planning stage of high-rise buildings are introduced. First, we introduce examples of applications in the environmental field. The pedestrian wind environment was one of the earliest practical examples of CFD. CFD was also employed to validate the heat island mitigation measures proposed as part of the new construction plan. Second, application examples of wind-force evaluations are introduced. Prediction examples are presented for the peak wind pressure around a complex-shaped building and the wind force evaluation for a base-isolated building. The results prove that the results of the proper execution of CFD are equivalent to those of the wind tunnel experiment. As examples of CFD applications of other issues related to high-rise building planning, we introduce snow accretion on outer walls and high-temperature exhaust from emergency generators. Finally, the future prospects for the use of CFD are discussed.