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Prevalence of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis in Patients with Spinal Disorders
Hiromitsu Toyoda,Hidetomi Terai,Kentaro Yamada,Akinobu Suzuki,Sho Dohzono,Tomiya Matsumoto,Hiroaki Nakamura 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.1
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in patients with spinal diseases determined by roentgen images of the whole spine. Overview of Literature: Although several studies have investigated the prevalence of DISH in healthy subjects, no detailed data have been reported on the prevalence of DISH in patients with degenerative spinal disorders. Methods: Standing whole-spine roentgen images of 345 consecutive patients who underwent surgery in our hospital were obtained. Patients aged <18 years or with congenital spinal disease, metastatic spinal tumors, or inflammatory spinal disease were excluded. In total, 281 patients were eligible for inclusion. The presence of DISH was assessed according to Resnick’s criteria and Mata’s scoring system. The prevalence, location, and numbers of fused vertebral bodies of DISH were recorded. Results: DISH was present in 25.6% of patients (72/281). The prevalence of DISH in the 41–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥80 year age groups was 8.3% (2/24), 9.8% (5/51), 16.0% (12/75), 49.5% (48/97), and 33.3% (4/12), respectively; the prevalence increased with age. The average number of fused vertebral bodies was 7.5. More than 80% of DISH was located from T7 to T11, and more than 95% of DISH was located at T9/10. Patients with DISH were significantly older (71.1 years vs. 60.9 years, p <0.05), and men were more likely to have DISH than women (p <0.05). Conclusions: In patients with degenerative spinal diseases with DISH, fused vertebrae were found most frequently in the lower thoracic spine, and their prevalence increased with age. DISH may be an age-related skeletal disorder with a higher overall prevalence in patients with spinal disorders than that in healthy subjects.
Model following Adaptive Control based on Least Squares Method
Hiromitsu OGAWA,Manato ONO,Yuichi MASUKAKE,Yoshihisa ISHIDA 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
This paper describes a design method of adaptive control based on least squares (LS) method to the second-order plant with known parameters. To use the LS algorithm properly, the system must be discretized by a zero-order hold. Although adaptive control based on LS without a parallel feedforward compensator (PFC) may be unstable, the proposed system tracks the reference model, and it has no steady-state error in the disturbance response. The PFC improves the plant based on the almost strictly positive real condition, and an integrator improves the steady-state response. Furthermore, the proposed system has the advantage of simpler design compared with the conventional simple adaptive control system. The proposed method does not require the satisfaction of the perfect model following condition.