A Review of Behavioral Tests to Evaluate Different Types of Anxiety and Anti-anxiety Effects

Himanshu,Dharmila,Deepa Sarkar,Nutan 대한정신약물학회 2020 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.18 No.3

Behavioral tests are very useful to understand the Neuro-psychotic disease and also helpful in finding the treatment of the particular disease. Nowadays various tests are available to evaluate the anxiolytics effect of a new entity or even for comparative studies with the standard drug. As per the ethics, a new compound or drug believes to have possible pharmacological effects should be tested on animals before tested on humans which have similar physiology than humans. First, rats were used for behavioral test for evaluation of anti-anxiety drug but later on the various strain of mice were added for evaluation of anxiolytics because of better genetic possibilities than rats. In this review article, we have discussed the most commonly used behavioral tests used to evaluate the anti-anxiety effect. Anxiolytics are the agent which are used to elevate anxiety effect produced due to any cause. The various parameter will be undertaken for the better and precise evaluation of anxiolytics.

Influence of Annealing on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of AlCoCrFeNiTi High Entropy Alloy Based Coating

Himanshu Kumar,Gaurav A. Bhaduri,S. G. K. Manikandan,M. Kamaraj,S. Shiva 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.3

The primary focus of the study is to explore the influence of annealing on the various properties like phase formation,microstructure evolution and wear analysis of equiatomic AlCoCrFeNiTi high entropy alloy (HEA) coatings developed byatmospheric plasma spray technique. Post deposition, annealing was performed at three different temperatures of 700 °C,900 °C and 1200 °C, respectively, for a time period of 180 min. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that AlCoCrFeNiTiHEA coating comprises two BCC solid solution phases. The deposited samples were characterized using scanning electronmicroscopy (FESEM), surface profilometer, chemical analysis using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fouriertransform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). The dilution level study revealed the strong metallurgical bonding between coatingand substrate. Microhardness of the AlCrCoFeNiTi was found to be marginally decreased by increasing the annealingtemperature due to coarsening of grains and the deposited coating microhardness was found to be 768.48 ± 16 HV0.2. Weartest analysis performed using the ball-on disc test revealed that, there is a significant decrease in wear resistance after heattreatment at 1200 °C. Beyond 900 °C, annealing decreased the microhardness and wear resistance due to coarsening ofgrains. The wear volume rate of the unannealed as-deposited coating was found to be 2.8 × 10–7 mm3N−1 m−1 and the coatingannealed at 700 °C, 900 °C, and 1200 °C had a wear volume rate of about 2.89 × 10–7 mm3 N−1 m−1, 2.87 × 10–7 mm3 N−1 m−1,7.29 × 10–7 mm3 N−1 m−1, respectively.

miR-9 and let-7g enhance the sensitivity to ionizing radiation by suppression of NFκB1

Himanshu Arora,박웅양,Rehana Qureshi,Shunzi Jin,Ae-Kyoung Park 생화학분자생물학회 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.5

The activation of nuclear factor-kappa B1 (NFκB1) in cancer cells may confer resistance to ionizing radiation (IR). To enhance the therapeutic efficiency of IR in lung cancer, we screened for microRNAs (miRNAs)that suppress NFκB1 and observed their effects on radiosensitivity in a human lung cancer cell line. From time series data of miRNA expression in γ-irradiated H1299 human lung cancer cells, we found that the expression of miR-9 was inversely correlated with that of NFκB1. Overexpression of miR-9 down-regulated the level of NFκB1 in H1299 cells, and the surviving fraction of γ-irradiated cells was decreased. Interestingly,let-7g also suppressed the expression of NFκB1, although there was no canonical target site for let-7g in the NFκB1 3' untranslated region. From these results,we conclude that the expression of miR-9 and let-7g could enhance the efficiency of radiotherapy for lung cancer treatment through the inhibition of NFκB1.

Thermophoresis and suction/injection roles on free convective MHD flow of Ag–kerosene oil nanofluid

Himanshu Upreti,Alok Kumar Pandey,Manoj Kumar 한국CDE학회 2020 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.7 No.3

In this article, themass and heat transfer flow of Ag–kerosene oil nanofluid over a cone under the effects of suction/injection, magnetic field, thermophoresis, Brownian diffusion, and Ohmic-viscous dissipation was examined. On applying the suitable transformation, PDEs directing the flow of nanofluid were molded to dimensionless ODEs. The solution of the reduced boundary value problem was accomplished by applying Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method via shooting scheme and the upshots were sketched and interpreted. The values of shear stress and coefficients of heat and mass transfer were attained for some selected values of governing factors. The obtained results showed that when the amount of surface mass flux shifts from injection to the suction domain, the heat and mass transfer rate grew uniformly. However, they have regularly condensed with the rise in the magnitude of the magnetic field and particle volume fraction. Several researches have been done using cone-shaped geometry under the influence of various factors affecting the fluid flow, yet, there exists no such investigation that incorporated the response of viscous-Ohmic dissipation, heat absorption/generation, suction/blowing, Brownian diffusion, and thermophoresis on the hydro-magnetic flow of silver-kerosene oil nanofluid over a cone.

MODELLING ON RURAL OUT-MIGRATION SYSTEM

HIMANSHU PANDEY 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 1995 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.24 No.2

Photocatalytic efficiency of iron oxide nanoparticles for the degradation of priority pollutant anthracene

Himanshu Gupta,RAHUL KUMAR,박현성,전병훈 한국자원공학회 2017 Geosystem engineering Vol.20 No.1

The present work demonstrates an efficient and cost effective methodology for the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles without the assistance of any capping agent. Two different forms of iron oxide nanoparticles, namely, goethite (α-FeOOH) and magnetite (Fe3O4) were synthesized and characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The XRD spectra were found concordant with JCPDS-ICDD data. The crystallite sizes for goethite and magnetite were found to be 9.85 and 14.13 nm, respectively. The mean particle sizes estimated via SEM analysis were 32.23 and 63.27 nm, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to estimate the elemental composition of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were further used for the degradation of anthracene in the presence of UV light. The decay profiles of anthracene,a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon listed as a priority pollutant by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), were investigated with different forms of iron oxides NPs under UV irradiation at ambient temperature. Both forms of iron oxides were efficient for the photodegradation of anthracene. The decay profiles in both the cases followed the first-order kinetics. The half-lives for anthracene degradation were 3.21 and 4.39 h with α-FeOOH and Fe3O4, respectively. The results reveal that the photocatalytic activity of magnetite is low as compared to goethite.

Evaluation of the anti-arthritic activity of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract in experimental models

Himanshu Sharma,Prerna Chauhan,Surender Singh 한국한의학연구원 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.7 No.4

Background: Cinnamomum cassia iswidely used as a traditional medicinal plant for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The present study aimed to assess the anti-arthritic activity of C. cassia bark hydroalcoholic extract (CCHE) in different arthritic animal models. Methods: In formaldehyde model, sub-plantar administration of 0.1 ml of formaldehyde (2% v/v) into the right hind paws of Wistar albino rats on days 0 and 3. The rats were divided into six groups as follows: normal control, disease control, indomethacin group (3 mg/kg, p.o.) and three groups, treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg CCHE (p.o.). Joint diameter was measured, and ankle joints were collected for MDA and GSH measurements. In complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model, CFA was injected into the sub-plantar surface of the right hind paw in rats. Joint diameter was measured, and serum TNF-α and IL-1β were measured. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were also performed. Results: CCHE treatment significantly (p < 0.01) reduced MDA levels and joint swelling in a concentration-dependent manner in rats with formaldehyde-induced arthritis, in which GSH levels were elevated (p < 0.01). In rats with CFA-induced arthritis, CCHE treatment significantly reduced joint swelling as well as IL-1β and TNF-α levels (p < 0.01). TNF-α receptor expression was decreased in rats treated with indomethacin or CCHE. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that C. cassia possesses anti-arthritic properties.

Population structure, behavior, and distribution pattern of the river lapwing Vanellus duvaucelii (Lesson, 1826)

Himanshu Mishra,Vikas Kumar,Ashish Kumar 국립중앙과학관 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.11 No.3

A field study was carried out to investigate the population status, behavior, and distribution pattern of river lapwings during the study period of 2015–2017 in the Raebareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. There was a significant difference in the mean population of river lapwings along the study sites but less significant difference in the mean population seasonally. An average of 541 individuals of river lapwings have been reported during the study period. The mean population size was maximum (164.5 ± 28.67) at Gegaso in 2016 and minimum (56.25 ± 28.34) at Sultanpur Barhaia in 2017, whereas the seasonal population status showed maximum (199.5 ± 2.12) count in the summer season at Gegaso and minimum (52.0 ± 4.2) in winter at Sultanpur Barhaia. Moreover, maximum (n = 38) nesting pairs were estimated at Gegaso and least (n = 11) at Unchahar. There was less significant difference in the number of chicks counted in both the breeding seasons (2016 and 2017), but significantly a higher number of chicks (n = 86) were documented at Gegaso and least (n = 25) at Sultanpur Barhaia. Overall, there was no significant difference in the behavioral activities during the breeding and nonbreeding season. The present study clearly indicates that the river bank was the most preferred habitat type and that the distribution pattern was found to be clumped in river lapwings.

Buddhist Monuments Across the Bay of Bengal: Cultural Routes and Maritime Networks

Himanshu Prabha Ray 서강대학교 동아연구소 2019 TRaNS(Trans –Regional and –National Studies of Sou Vol.7 No.2

Religious architecture, often called ‘monuments’ within the current understanding of ancient shrines, are prominent features of the landscape in South and Southeast Asia. Many of these sites are admired for their artistic and aesthetic appeal and are centres of tourism and travel. This paper traces the historical trajectory of three contemporary monuments of Buddhist affiliation across the Bay of Bengal, namely Nalanda in north India, Borobudur in Central Java, and Nakhon Pathom in Central Thailand to address both their distinctiveness and their interconnectedness. The paper also focuses on the extent to which these shrines reflect the religious theories that prevailed between the sixth and the thirteenth centuries AD and are currently known to us through religious texts. It is not often appreciated that ‘collections’ of religious texts, as well as the ‘discovery’ of monuments were mediated through the priorities and practices of European andWestern scholars from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The history of the study of Buddhism shows that it centred on religious texts and philosophical doctrines produced by a small group of monastic elites, with little attention paid to the more difficult questions of the contexts underlying textual production and circulation. This paper suggests that it is important to factor in the colonization of South and Southeast Asia into any discussion on the understanding of religions and monuments, as well as current interest in these monuments, which are also World Heritage Sites and associated with present interests in maritime heritage.

Voltage Based Gene Tuning in the Bioelectrochemical System: Overexpression of Reporter Gene with FPR as Redox Sensor Promoter

Himanshu KHANDELWAL,Sakuntala MUTYALA,Jung Rae KIM 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

The bacterial redox sensor has been highlighted since the monitoring and control of cellular redox state influence the cell metabolism and target metabolite production. In Pseudomonas putida, fpr ferrodoxin NADP+ reductase gene senses the ROS/oxidative stress and gives transcriptional response to defend against toxic compounds. Fpr regulation is known to be induced by the LysrR type transcriptional factor FinR. Such transcriptional regulation is helpful for bacteria to sense the oxidative stress resulting from the environmental factors induced by toxicity and/or or environmental pollutants. This mechanism could be applied to upregulate gene of interest placed downstream of the fpr gene. In this study, a dual plasmid was made to harbour finr-fpr gene and LacZ as reporter protein into the Pseudomonas sp. The redox stress/ ROS generated by various redox mediator like pyocyanin, Paraquat, HNQ and HQ and was carried out under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The redox sensor was activated by use redox cycling drugs and generated response was measured. The β-galactosidase activity was quantified, and protein expression levels were analyzed. In further studies this property will be applied for induction of the gene of interest using the redox mediated stress in a Bio-electrochemical system (BES), which can be used for controlled modulation of the downstream gene expression by applied potential for higher production of the biofuels or valuable chemical synthesis. This result indicated that monitoring and controlling of bacterial redox stress can be used as a parameter to regulate gene expression and metabolite production. (Poster)