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Higashino, Tomohiro,Soya, Takanori,Kim, Woojae,Kim, Dongho,Osuka, Atsuhiro WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2015 Angewandte Chemie Vol.127 No.18
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The reaction of [26]hexaphyrin with triethylamine in the presence of BF<SUB>3</SUB>⋅OEt<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>2</SUB> furnished a diastereomeric mixture of a diethylamine‐bearing [28]hexaphyrin as a rare example of a Möbius aromatic metal‐free expanded porphyrin. The Möbius aromaticity of these molecules is large, as indicated by their large diatropic ring currents, which are even preserved at 100 °C, owing to their internally multiply bridged robust structure with a smooth conjugation network. These molecules were reduced with NaBH<SUB>4</SUB> to give an antiaromatic [28]hexaphyrin, and were oxidized with MnO<SUB>2</SUB> to give aromatic [26]hexaphyrins, both through a Möbius‐to‐Hückel topology switch induced by a CN bond cleavage.</P>
Möbius Antiaromatic Bisphosphorus Complexes of [30]Hexaphyrins
Higashino, Tomohiro,Lim, Jong Min,Miura, Takahiro,Saito, Shohei,Shin, Jae-Yoon,Kim, Dongho,Osuka, Atsuhiro WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Angewandte Chemie Vol.122 No.29
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Aromatizität mit Dreh: Die Umkehr von Möbius-Aromatizität wurde in Mono-Phosphorkomplexen von [28]Hexaphyrinen und Bis-Phosphorkomplexen von [30]Hexaphyrinen durch eine Änderung der Anzahl der π-Elektronen zwischen [4n+2]π und [4n]π nachgewiesen. Bis-Phosphor[30]hexaphyrine (siehe Bild) sind die ersten strukturell charakterisierten Möbius-antiaromatischen Systeme, die formtreu, neutral und stabil sind. <img src='wiley_img_2010/00448249-2010-122-29-ANGE201001765-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/00448249-2010-122-29-ANGE201001765-content'> </P>
Möbius Antiaromatic Bisphosphorus Complexes of [30]Hexaphyrins
Higashino, Tomohiro,Lim, Jong Min,Miura, Takahiro,Saito, Shohei,Shin, Jae-Yoon,Kim, Dongho,Osuka, Atsuhiro WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Angewandte Chemie Vol.49 No.29
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Aromaticity with a twist: The reversal of Möbius aromaticity occurs by changing the number of π electrons between [4n+2] and [4n] in monophosphorus complexes of [28]hexaphyrins and bisphosphorus complexes of [30]hexaphyrins. The 30π Möbius antiaromatic bisphosporus[30]hexaphyrins (see picture) were determined to be the first structurally characterized Möbius antiaromatic systems, which are rigid, neutral, and stable. <img src='wiley_img_2010/14337851-2010-49-29-ANIE201001765-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/14337851-2010-49-29-ANIE201001765-content'> </P>
Development of the Family Caregiver Burden Inventory(FCBI)
Sadanori Higashino,Takako Tsutui,Masafumi Kirino,Yuki Yajima,Yong Taek Kim,Kazuo Nakajima 한국노인복지학회 2003 International Journal of Welfare for the Aged Vol.9 No.-
The purpose of this study was to develop the Family Caregiver Burden Inventory(FCBI) for measuring the family caregiver burden caring for a family member with dementia at home in Japan and Korea. In our statistical analysis, we used data for 181 family members caring for a family member with dementia living in Otsu city, Shiga prefecture, Japan, and 256 family members caring for a family member with dementia living in Seoul and Pusan city in Korea. In developing the FCBI, the authors assumed three dimensions, "negative feelings to the care recipient", "limitation in the social activities" and "financial constraints" and drew 12 items from existing caregiver burden measures. In order to establish internal construct validity of the FCBI, we used a confirm atory factor analysis(CFA) and simultaneous factor analysis in two cross-national samples. In the analysis, we formulated and tested a second-order factor model of family caregiver burden consisting of three factors, "negative feelings to the care recipient", "limitation in the social activities" and "financial constraints". Furthermore, external construct validity of the FCBI was assessed using structural equation modeling. In the analysis, we hypothesized and tested MIMIC(multiple indicator and multiple cause) model for caregiver`s variables(nationality, gender, age, and duration of care) to caregiver burden. To evaluate the reliability of the FCBI, its internal consistency was also tested using Cronbach`s alpha coefficient. CFA and simultaneous factor analysis results supported the hypothesized second-order factor structure of the FCBI and indicated the FCBI fit both the Korean and Japanese data. Furthermore, MIMIC modeling results showed cargiver`s nationality, gender, and duration of care were significantly related to care burden. The reliability of the FCBI was good. Cronbach`s alpha coefficient of the FCBI was 0.88 for the Korean sample and 0.85 for the Japanese sample. We could develop the FCBI for measuring the family caregiver burden caring for a family member with dementia at home in Japan and Korea.
Seismic Isolation and Response Control of Buildings in Japan
Masahiko Higashino,Yoshihisa Kitamura,Nagahide Kani Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2023 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.12 No.4
An overview of seismic isolation and structural control in Japan is presented. The paper includes a mention of the history of aseismic technology and the earthquake threat in Japan, summarizes the merits of seismic isolation and response control, and discusses the types of devices used and some recent project examples. The projects presented are mostly examples of response control used for high-rise buildings. These types of buildings are not amendable to seismic isolation, and are a challenge to applying damping devices, as their high aspect ratio means that their dominant deformation mode is bending. Japanese engineers have developed a range of unique techniques to apply response control to these types of structures. Concluding remarks discuss some of the current challenges to expanding the use of seismic isolation and response control technologies.
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on the physique of school-age children in Japan
Takaya Junji,Higashino Hirohiko,Takaya Ryuzo,Sakaguchi Hiromi,Tanoue Jitsuo,Higashide Takashi,Moriguchi Hisako,Nakao Masatoshi,Takai Yasuyuki 대한소아내분비학회 2023 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.28 No.2
Purpose: Schools in Japan were closed nationwide from March to May 2020 because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many suspect that this school closure affected children’s mental and physical health. We investigated changes in school-age children’s physiques to determine the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown and restrictions on their health. Methods: Data were extracted from a database of school physical examinations in Osaka elementary and junior high schools for 4 consecutive years from 2018 to 2021. The following characteristics were analyzed: short stature, tall stature, underweight, mild obesity, middle grade obesity, and severe obesity. The paired Student t-test was used to compare school examination data in the prepandemic period (2018–2019), pandemic lockdown (2019–2020), and post-lockdown period (2020–2021). Results: Obesity rates in elementary school students aged 6–12 years, particularly in boys, were significantly higher during the lockdown than they were in 2019. After the pandemic, the tall stature rate continued to rise, while rates of short stature and underweight decreased in both sexes in 2020. In junior high school students aged 12–15 years, rates of obesity and underweight tended to decrease in 2020. However, these rates rebounded and rose in 2021 when the lockdown was lifted. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, elementary school students gained weight, while junior high school students lost weight. The lockdown that was implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic had an unfavorable effect on weight gain, particularly in young school-age children.
Provisional-Ideal-Point-Based Multi-objective Optimization Method for Drone Delivery Problem
Omagari, Hiroki,Higashino, Shin-Ichiro The Korean Society for Aeronautical Space Sciences 2018 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.19 No.1
In this paper, we proposed a new evolutionary multi-objective optimization method for solving drone delivery problems (DDP). It can be formulated as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem. In our previous research, we proposed the "aspiration-point-based method" to solve multi-objective optimization problems. However, this method needs to calculate the optimal values of each objective function value in advance. Moreover, it does not consider the constraint conditions except for the objective functions. Therefore, it cannot apply to DDP which has many constraint conditions. To solve these issues, we proposed "provisional-ideal-point-based method." The proposed method defines a "penalty value" to search for feasible solutions. It also defines a new reference solution named "provisional-ideal point" to search for the preferred solution for a decision maker. In this way, we can eliminate the preliminary calculations and its limited application scope. The results of the benchmark test problems show that the proposed method can generate the preferred solution efficiently. The usefulness of the proposed method is also demonstrated by applying it to DDP. As a result, the delivery path when combining one drone and one truck drastically reduces the traveling distance and the delivery time compared with the case of using only one truck.
Kang, Kyung-Hwa,Higashino, Atsunori,Kim, Heui-Soo,Lee, Yong-Tae,Kageyama, Takashi Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Journal of medical primatology Vol.38 No.2
<P>Abstract</P><P>Background </P><P>Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that affects regulation of metabolic syndrome such as insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, and obesity. It functions via seven transmembrane domain receptors [i.e., adiponectin receptors 1 (AdipoR1) and 2 (AdipoR2)] that have been scarcely investigated in non-human primates.</P><P>Methods </P><P>Molecular cloning of cDNAs for adiponectin, AdipoR1, and AdipoR2 that included the whole protein-coding region in the Japanese monkey, <I>Macaca fuscata</I>, was carried out. Tissue-specific expression of respective genes was analyzed with Northern blot hybridization.</P><P>Results </P><P>The essential Cys36 and four lysine residues in adiponectin, and transmembrane-spanning domains in AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 appear well conserved. While adiponectin mRNA is expressed only in adipose tissues, AdipoR1 mRNA was found to be expressed in various tissues including the brain.</P><P>Conclusions </P><P>These results significantly add to the understanding of the molecular basis of obesity-related adipokines and their receptors in non-human primates.</P>