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Andrés Sandoval-Hernández,Piotr Białowolski 서울대학교 교육연구소 2016 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.17 No.3
It is well documented that academic achievement of students from families of low socioeconomic status (SES) tends to be below their more socially advantaged peers. Several studies have identified factors and conditions that facilitate academic success for disadvantaged students (i.e., promote academic resilience). However, one of the main criticisms of this body of research is in the set of variables that explain academic success for low-SES students and which is not very different from the variables that would explain academic success for all students. The objectives of this article are dual: firstly, to identify factors and conditions associated with academic success, regardless of student SES, and secondly, to identify factors and conditions associated with academic resilience, that is, exclusively for low-SES students. To this end, we used data from Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong, Chinese Taipei, and Japan in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2011. The study sample covered 23,354 students in 720 schools in the five countries. The strategy for analysis was driven by fit of logistic regression models, first predicting the probability of academic success and then subsequent identification of variables significant as predictors for success within the pool of low-SES students. Results indicated that variables, such as positive student attitude to mathematics, teacher confidence in student performance and the test language being spoken at home, were associated with greater chances of academic success. High academic expectations and time spent on mathematics at home demonstrated a differential effect between disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged students in Singapore. In Korea, being male (gender) and in Taipei, low levels of bullying at school, increased the likelihood of resilience. Results suggested that interventions impacting behavior reflected in differentially associated variables could help disadvantaged students to become academically resilient.
Carlos Andres Espinosa Dominguez,Honorio Ortiz Hernández,Helvio Mollinedo,Orlando Susarrey Huerta,Hilario Hernández Moreno 한국고분자학회 2023 폴리머 Vol.47 No.1
The manufacturing process of composite materials is crucial in determining their final quality and mechanical and physical properties. Although manufacturing defects affecting mechanical properties cannot be entirely eliminated, some process parameters can be improved to reduce them, and solutions without increasing manufacturing costs are sought. Currently, research on aramid fibers and epoxy resin is booming; thus, this study aims to apply the vacuum bag process with epoxy matrix and aramid fiber reinforcement, focusing on the manufacturing process parameters. Herein, a procedure for the hand lay-up of aramid impregnated with resin and the vacuum bag method for a composite laminate is described. Some variations and improvements in the vacuum bag technique were applied, improving the breathable layers in the mold to enhance the extraction of gases and promote a homogenous pressure distribution. ASTM procedures were performed to obtain the density and constituent content of the composite material, resulting in a fiber volume fraction of 0.606, a resin volume fraction of 0.294, and a porosity volume fraction of 0.098.