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Functionally-Based Rehabilitation Robotics - A Next Step?
Susan E,Fasoli,Hermano I,Krebs,Richard Hughes,Joel Stein,Neville Hogan 한국과학기술원 인간친화 복지 로봇 시스템 연구센터 2006 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Me Vol.7 No.2
A desired outcome of many stroke survivors is reduced impairment in motor functions of the paretic arm, such as strength and coordination, as well as improved functional use of that limb during daily life activities. Previous studies with MIT-MANUS emphasized reductions in motor impairment after stroke, with no specific attempts to help the person link the motor actions practiced during robotic therapy to real-life movement tasks. Herein, we present our first attempt to blend components of robot-assisted movement therapy with task-oriented training during functionally-based reaching and grasping tasks. The integration of robotic technology with more conventional task-oriented therapy is challenging. We predict that continued work in this area will lead to more effective, functionally-based interventions for stroke survivors that are widely accepted by the rehabilitation community.
Screening of Yeasts Isolated from Brazilian Environments for the 2-Phenylethanol (2-PE) Production
Lorena Azevedo de Lima,Raphael Hermano Santos Diniz,Marisa Vieira de Queiroz,Luciano Gomes Fietto,Wendel Batista da Silveira 한국생물공학회 2018 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.23 No.3
Phenylethanol alcohol, or 2-phenylethanol (2-PE) production by yeasts has been considered a promising alternative to its chemical synthesis. In order to evaluate the potential of yeast strains isolated from different Brazilian environments, we evaluated the 2-PE production of 267 strains. Among them, the Kluyveromyces marxianus CCT 7735 yeast stood out as being the best 2-PE producer. The K. marxianus CCT 7735 growth was impaired by 2-PE; nevertheless, this effect is less pronounced than the inhibition reported for certain Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The maximum 2-PE titer obtained under optimized conditions was 3.44 g/L, 28% higher than the titer achieved under unoptimized conditions. The optimized conditions were: 30ºC, and glucose and L-phe concentrations of 3.0 and 4.0 g/L, respectively. Moreover, the specific production rate of 2-PE increased twofold compared to the unoptimized conditions.
Priscila Gonçalves Ferreira,Fernando Augusto da Silveira,Raquel Cristina Vieira dos Santos,Hugo Leonardo André Genier,Raphael Hermano Santos Diniz,José Ivo Ribeiro Júnior,Luciano Gomes Fietto,Flávia M 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.4
The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process is a promising strategy to obtain ethanol from cellulosic biomass. In this study, sugarcane bagasse was supplemented with ricotta whey to increase the sugar, vitamin, and trace metal concentrations in the fermentation medium. The optimum conditions for SSF ethanol production from a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and ricotta whey produced by Kluyveromyces marxianus CCT 7735 were evaluated considering five factors: cellulase concentration, cellulosic biomass concentration, pH, temperature, and agitation. The highest ethanol yield was 49.65 g/L with a cellulosic biomass of 80 g/L, pH value of 5.05, agitation at 65 rpm and temperature of 39.2ºC. The results demonstrated that a mixture of the cellulosic residue of sugarcane bagasse and ricotta whey is promising for ethanol production because the ethanol yield in the mixture was higher than that in single substrate of sugarcane bagasse.
Adolescent Screen Use: Problematic Internet Use and the Impact of Gender
Sheila Rejane Niskier,Lindsey A. Snaychuk,Hyoun S. Kim,Thiago T. da Silva,Maria Sylvia de Souza Vitalle,Hermano Tavares 대한신경정신의학회 2024 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.21 No.1
Objective The relationship between screen use and problematic internet use (PIU; i.e., internet addiction) amongst adolescents has not been sufficiently explored. Further, there is even less research on how gender is associated with this relationship. The goal of the study was to examine adolescent screen use, PIU, and its impact on day-to-day routines of adolescents.Methods Participants were recruited from an outpatient pediatric clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 180 adolescents completed questionnaires related to their screen use, extracurricular activities, and symptoms of PIU. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to determine correlates and predictors of PIU, and to explore gender differences.Results A total of 26.1% of adolescents met the criteria for PIU. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in PIU severity. However, there were significant gender differences in preferred use of the Internet, with boys being more likely to access the Internet to play video games (odds ratio [OR]=27.1) and girls being more likely to socialize with friends (OR=4.51). PIU severity increased proportionally to the number of hours of use of all screen devices with moderate-to-large effect sizes (η2=0.060–0.157). Using screens during meals and missing extracurricular activities were both associated with PIU.Conclusion Though gender was not associated with PIU, both excessive use of screen devices during meals and neglect of offline extracurriculars activities were identified as risk factors for PIU. Prevention measures should consider the impact of gender and associated patterns of motivation and Internet use.
A Systematic Review of Pharmacological Treatments for Internet Gaming Disorder
Rafael Richard Clorado de Sá,Sophie Coelho,Puneet Kaur Parmar,Samantha Johnstone,Hyoun Soo Kim,Hermano Tavares 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.8
Objective Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is an increasingly common behavioral addiction, with an estimated global prevalence of 3%. A variety of pharmacological treatments have been used to treat IGD, yet no review to date has synthesized clinical trials evaluating their efficacy. This systematic review therefore synthesized the literature reporting on clinical trials of pharmacological treatments for IGD.Methods We reviewed articles from MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed Central, CINAHL, and PsycINFO that were published as of March of 2022. A total of 828 articles were retrieved for review and 12 articles were included, reporting on a total of 724 participants.Results Most participants were male (98.6%), and all were currently living in South Korea. The most common drugs used to treat IGD were bupropion, methylphenidate, and a range of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The Young Internet Addiction Scale was the most frequently used to measure gaming-related outcomes. All studies reported reduced symptoms of IGD from pre- to post-treatment. Across all clinical trials, IGD symptom reductions following the administration of pharmacological treatments ranged from 15.4% to 51.4%. A risk of bias assessment indicated that only four studies had a low risk of bias.Conclusion Preliminary results suggest that a wide array of pharmacological interventions may be efficacious in the treatment of IGD. Future studies using double-blind randomized controlled trial designs, recruiting larger and more representative samples, and controlling for psychiatric comorbidities are needed to better inform understanding of pharmacological treatments for IGD.