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      • Korea National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in Human Body(KorSEPs) 2005/2007/2008 : A pilot study for the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KNEHS) in Korea

        이진헌 공주대학교 환경문제연구소 2017 환경연구 Vol.17 No.-

        Korean National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in Human Body (KorSEPs) was performed for preparing the Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KNEHS) as a pilot study. The German Environmental Survey (GerES), National Human Exposure Assessment Study (NHEXAS) and National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were referenced for making design and sampling strategies of KorSEPs. Sampling units and participants were 2,273 persons within 80 units at KorSEP Ⅱ, and 5,129 persons within 200 units in KorSEP Ⅲ. Analytes were increased to 13 items such as Pb, Hg, Mn, Cd, As, 2-naphthol, 1-OHP, cotinine, metabolites of phthalates, bisphenol A, 3-PBS, metabolites of benzene and toluene. Two kinds of questionnaires were developed; one for families and another for individuals. In Korean adults, the geometric means of the blood lead, mercury, cadmium and manganese levels were 19.1, 3.23, 0.65 and 10.8 ㎍/L, respectively. The geometric concentrations of the urinary 2-naphthol (2-NP) and 1-hyroxypyrene (1-OHP) were 3.84 ㎍/L (95% CI: 3.57-4.11) and 0.15 ㎍/L (95% CI: 0.15-0.17), those of urinary cotinine concentrations were 769.9 ㎍/L (95% CI: 611-929) among smokers and 21.5 ㎍/L (95% CI: 19.1-23.9) among non-smokers in KorSEP Ⅲ. Of metabolites of phthalates, the concentrations of Mono-(2-ethyl-5-bydroxyhexyl)-phthalate (5-OH), Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohezyl)-phthalate (5-OXO), and Mono-N-butyl phthalate (Mn-BP), were 13.3 ㎍/L (95% CI: 12.6-14.1), 11.1 ㎍/L (95% CI: 10.4-11.8), 44.9 ㎍/L (95% CI: 42.2-47.8), respectively. Also, the concentrations of bisphenol A (BP-A) and 3-phenooxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) were 0.71 ㎍/L (95% CI: 0.64-0.79) and 1.82 ㎍/L (95% CI: 1.69-1.95), prespectively. Key words Korean National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in Human Body (KorSEPs), Biomonitoring, Heavy metals, 2-napthol, 1-OHP, phthalates, 3-PBA, bisphonal A

      • KCI등재
      • ICC규정상의 형법의 일반원칙 : 항변을 중심으로

        김헌진 청주대학교 학술연구소 2004 淸大學術論集 Vol.4 No.-

        International criminal law (at least at the present phase of its development) does not comprise any offence entailing strict liability. That is to say, all recognized international offences - whether they exist under customary or conventional international law - have two cumulative constituent elements: a criminal act (Actus reus) and a criminal consciousness (mens rea). In some treaties, the indispensability of mens rea as an essential component of any international offence is stated in explicit terms. It follows from the present commentary that the accused in international penal proceedings can benefit from a limited number of legitimate defences based on lack of niens rea (duress, mistake and insanity). The availability of each of these defences depends on the occurrence of special circumstances, and often the precise scope of application (pre-eminently in the sphere of duress) is quite controversial. Core defences can be encrusted with pleas that do not provide the accused with any independent shield, yet - when appropriate - may call criminal responsibility into question in light of a core defence. This is the position where obedience to superior orders is concerned:the real issue is duress or mistake (namely, lack of mens rea). Attempts to broaden the gamut of legitimate defences have not been crowned with success. In particular, claims of obedience to national law and attribution of criminal acts to the state have been clearly stigmatized as fictitious defences. In many instances, when an accused fails to elude criminal conviction altogether, he may still benefit from mitigation of punishment. Nevertheless, such mitigation cannot be taken for granted: it is a matter of discretion depending on the nature of the offence as well as the actual conduct of the accused.

      • AC 쵸퍼에 의한 단상 유도전동기의 무부하속도특성

        정헌상,정수복,서진연 조선대학교 동력자원연구소 1996 動力資源硏究所誌 Vol.18 No.1

        In the general, the speed control of single-phase induction motor is accomplished at a few discrete speed by using tapped-winding, pole changing or gear. These technique is inefficient and complicated. In the reason, the applied voltage of single-phase induction motor is controlled for improvement speed characteristics. The AC converter can be easily realized using module transistor. The output voltage from the AC converter is applied to single-phase induction motor. This paper presented operating characteristics of single-phase induction motor by AC converter.

      • 素問·脈解篇에 對한 硏究(Ⅱ)

        李玗珍,鄭憲瑩,琴坰樹,朴炅 대한한의진단학회 1998 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.2 No.2

        In Mac Hae Pyun(脈解編), pathological mechanisms are explained on the basis of the so-called "Eum-Yang (陰陽)"theory. In this paw, sentenses referred in "Hwang Je Nae Kyung(黃帝內經)" are construed as "soyue(所謂), and the six kyung diseases(六經病)-TaeYang(太陽)·YangMyung(陽明). SoYang(少陽)·TaeEum(太陰)·SoEum(少陰)·GuiIEum(厥陰)- are interpreted as elements belong to each month. Summerizing the contents of the "Mac Hae Pyun(脈解編)" in reference to the contents of successive generation note, the contents were as follows; What attracts our attention in chapter Ⅰ is pathologic explanations on the diseases which are catagorised as "the diseases of the TaeYang Meridian(太陽經脈病)", such as the edema of lumber and pain of gluteaI(종요수통), badger(跛), pain of nape(項强), sonitus(이오), insanily(顚狂), anepia(음) and anepia-badger(음비). What attracts our attention in chapter Ⅱ is pathologic explanations on the diseases which are catagorised as "the diseases of the YangMyung Meridian(陽明經脈病)", such as the pain of cardia and hypochondrium(心脇痛), cannot rotate body(不可反側), hyperpraxia(躍). What attracts our attention in chapter Ⅲ is pathologic explanations on the diseases which are catagorisedr as 'the diseases of the SoYang Meridian(少陽經脈病)", such as algor(振寒), paranalgesia(脛腫而股不收), arthma and edema(上喘而爲水), pain of thorax(胸痛少氣), pallor(??), agitated(獨閉戶??而居), psychosis(乘高而歌??依而走), headache and rhinostegnosis and edema of of celiac(頭痛????腹腫). What attracts our attention in chapter IV is pathologic explanations on the diseases which are catagorisedl as 'the diseases of the TaeEum Meridian(太陰經脈病)", such as meteorism(脹滿), eructation(噫), vomiting(嘔吐). What attracts our attention in chapter Ⅴ is pathologic explanations on the diseases which are catagorised as "the diseases of the SoEum Meridian(少陽經脈病)", such as the pain of lumber(腰痛), vomiting and tussis and arthma(구토해흠천식), vertigo(目無所見). anger(善怒), pallor(恐怖), anorexia(惡聞食臭), blackface and emptysis(面黑咳血), rhinostegnosis(????). What attracts our attention in chapter VI IS pathologic explanations on the diseases which are catagorisedl as "the diseases of the GuilEum Meridian(厥陰經脈病)", such as hernia and hypogastrium edema of female(퇴산귀인소복종), pain of lumber and vertebral(腰脊痛), hernia and dermedema(퇴륭산??창), fauces xeransis(익건).

      • 무선 환경에서 안전한 종단간 보안을 제공하는 AWTLS(Alternative Wireless Transport Layer Security) 프로토콜 : AWTLS(Alternative Wireless Transport Layer Security) Protocol

        최진규,이헌길 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2002 정보통신논문지 Vol.6 No.-

        The WAP is a set of protocols that optimizes standard TCP/IP protocols, for use under the low bandwidth, high latency conditions often found in wireless networks. In WAP, WTLS(Wireless Transport Layer Security) is a subprotocol that it has been suggested for security communications. This protocol is a modified version of the TLS(Transport Layer Security) appropriate for wireless networks. In the data exchange between WTLS and TLS protocol, the message transmitted between the handset and the server is unencrypted for a very brief moment inside the WAP gateway. Even though the interval time the message remains unencrypted is very short, he or she who has an administrator account can attempt to view the unencrypted message. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the safe end-to-end security model, which is called AWTLS(Alternative Wireless Transport Layer Security). The proposed AWTLS can not only prevent the gateway from viewing the uncrypted message, but also reduce the encryption/decryption overhead of the mobile terminal.

      • 十二變에 대한 考察 : 六元正紀大論을 중심으로

        채영진,남호현,이석모,여성원,한성규,이재원,안민식,정헌영,금경수 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

        The six kinds of natural factors(It refers to wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness and fire.) is constantly moving to maintain the balance of whole climate of one year. Four seasons are the largest mediation of whole climate of one year. The cold and the heat have the relationship of mutual intervention. The dampness and the dryness have it also. In this process they raise various climate appearance. And that various climate appearance influence the whole lives on the earth. This paper is concerned with the classification of them.

      • 중소기업에 있어서 효과적인 ERP 패키지 선정을 위한 방법론과 Web-based DSS개발에 관한 연구

        김진수,임세헌 중앙대학교 산업경영연구소 1999 산업경영연구 Vol.8 No.2

        정보기술의 발달과 중요성이 증대됨에 따라 신속하게 정보시스템 구현이 가능한 ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning) 패키지 도입에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 특히, 대기업에 비하여 자금력, 기술력, 전문인력 면에서 열세인 중소기업에서 ERP 패키지 도입에 많은 관심을 가지고 있다. 하지만, 체계적인 ERP 패키지 도입을 위한 효과적이고 구체적인 방법론이 부족하여 많은 중소기업들이 ERP 도입을 지원할 수 있는 보다 체계적인 ERP 패키지 평가요소와 방법론 개발이 시급한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 중소기업이 보다 쉽고 체계적으로 ERP 패키지를 평가할 수 있는 평가요소 및 방법론을 개발함으로써 중소기업의 성공적인 ERP 도입에 기여하고자 한다. 또한, 이를 웹에 기반을 둔 의사결정지원시스템의 기본설계를 제공함으로써 사용자들이 보다 쉽게 의사 결정을 할 수 있는 시스템 개발에 기여하고자 한다. Many enterprise are interested in building ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system because of its rapid development of management information systems. Especially, small and medium size enterprises are more concern about ERP package. Even though there are many successful cases of building ERP systems, however, many cases are also failed due to lack of a systematic evaluation methodology. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a systematic evaluation methodology of ERP package and a framework of Web-based DSS (Decision Support Systems) for evaluation.

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