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임희자,송주환,오병균 木浦大學校基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-
We describe a segmentation of head MR images using the statistical method. This comprises five stages, such as user interactive identification of tissue classes, calculation of a probability distribution for each tissues, segmentation of MR images using the probability distribution, interpolation of the segmented MR Images, and Rendering. We segment a head MR image into four sorts of tissues, such as air, face, brain, and CSF. MRI can generate three types of MR images, such as PD(proton density), T1(spin-lattice relaxation time), and T2(spin-spin relaxation time). We calculate mean, variance, correlation from sample point of two images among the three types of images, - in results, because PD and T2 correlation is the largest one of them, we use PD and T2 MR images -and we acquire the bivariate normal probability distribution for each tissues using those. MR images are segmented using the bivariate normal probability distribution into each tissues.
Retinoic acid에 의해 유발된 흰쥐의 구개열에서 Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1, 2, 3의 발현의 변화
김종환,박진혁,신선호,윤혜경,김우형,이희철 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4
Objective : Craniofacial malformations are among the most frequent congenital birth defects in humans : cleft palate, that is inadequate fusion of the palatal shelves. Retinoic acid is teratogenic in many species, producing multiple malformations, including cleft palate. Also it plays an important role in embryogenesis, by regulating morphogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and deposition of the extracellular matrix. The effects of retinoic acid which leads to cleft palate vary depending on the stage of development exposed. After exposure of embryonic mice to retinoic acid on gestational day(GD) 10, abnormally small palatal shelves form. And the elevation of palatal shelves is delayed. The growth and differentiation factor, transforming growth factor-beta(TGFβ) family is thought to play important roles in multiple developmental processes, especially, the development of the embryonic palate. The expression of the TGFβ family in embryonic palate suggests a functional role for these molecules. In this study, author has determined the tissue distributions of TGFβ family in murine embryonic palate, and compared them in terms of developmental stage and locations in normal and retinoic acid-induced cleft palate. Methods and Material : Retinoic acid was administered orally at gestational day(GD) 10 to ICR mice. The pregnant mice were sacrifeced on GD 12, 13. 14, 15 to obtain the fetuses and immunohistochemistry was performed. And using the scanning electron microscope, morphology of normal palate and cleft palate was studied. Results : In the retinoic acid-treated fetuses, palatal shelves did not elevate and cleft palate was induced. On GD 13 in the palates of the retinoic acid-treated fetuses, expression of the TGFβ1, 3 decreased dramatically, but that of TGFβ2, did not change. The expression of the TGFβ1, 3 in the palates of the retinoic acid-treated fetuses, increased on GD 14, 15, Significant differences in TGFβ family expression were observed with areas of the palate. Conclusion : These results suggest that retinoic acid inhibits the expression of TGFβ 1, 3, which is critical in the developing palate, and elevation of palatal shelves is delayed and impaired, therefore cleft palate is induced. These data demonstrate a role for retinoic acid and retinoic aicd-induced TGFβ family in the regulation of palatal development and suggest a role for TGFβ in retinoic acid-induced cleft palate.
吳熙煥 건국대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.30 No.1
In recent years, the demand for local public services has radically increased. We can find its origin in economic development since 1960's. Especially urbanization and the change of the level of consciousness about national(civil) minimum brings about diversity and high quality in demand for local public services. Local public services such as water, sewerage, housing, transportation provided by the local government public enterprises are closely related to the regional social welfare. Therefore, how to supply these services is an important problem for the local authorities to solve. The purpose of this paper is to find out solutions with the local government public enterprises as vehicles. The contents of this paper are as follow. Ⅰ.Introduction Ⅱ.Concepts and Necessity of Municipal Management 1.Concepts 2.Necessity 1) Expansion of Local Fiscal Capacity 2) Propriety of Local Public Affairs Ⅲ.Municipal Management and Local Government Public Enterprises(L.G.P.E) 1.Local Public Services and L.G.P.E 2.L.G.P.E as the object of Municipal Management 1) Scope 2) Types of Operation 3) Settled Amount 4) Performance 5) Financial Condition Ⅳ.Rationalization of L.G.P.E for Municipal Management 1.Legal Aspect 2.Diversity in Forms of Management 3.Emphasis on Profitability 4.Coping with Inter-Jurisdictional Spill 5.Performance Evaluation 6.Managing Internal Problem Ⅴ.Conclusion
外來患者 및 돼지에서의 間接Latex凝集反應法에 依한 Toxoplasma 抗體價 調査硏究
심희숙,나영언,이영하,신대환 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1991 충남의대잡지 Vol.18 No.2
This study was undertaken to konw the sero-epidemiologic meanings of toxoplasmosis by Indirect Latex Agglutination test of 514 general outpatients and 100 pigs. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Toxoplasma antibody titers were showed as 418 negative cases(81.3%), 63 cases(12.2%) in a titer of 1:16, 20 cases(3.9%) in a titer of 1:32, 8 cases(1.6%) in a titer of 1:64, 3 cases(0.6% ) in a titer of 1:128 and 2 cases(0.4%) in a titer of 1:256, respectively. 2. Antibody titer was somewhat declined to the nineteen ages (from 6.1% to 3,0%) but was increased from twenty to fifty-nine ages(from 9.1% to 24.2%). The positive percentage of Toxoplasma antibody titers were the highest as 24.2% in the fifties group. Totally, 33 cases(6.5%) among 514 patients was showed as positive reaction. 3. According to the sex group, 16 cases of the male and 17 cases of the female were showed as positive reaction 5.6%, 7.5%, respectively. Positive rates of the female was somewhat higher than that of the male. 4. Antibody titers of sera of the pig were shown as 65 negative cases(65%), 24 cases in a titer of 1:16(24%), 6 casesin 1:32(6%), 3 cases in 1:64(3%) and 2 cases in 1:1.28(2%), respectively . Totally, positive rates was 11%.
Site-directed Mutagenesis에 의한 RBP(Ribose Binding Protein)의 #5-Ala의 치환과 rbsB103 복귀 돌연변이의 분리
정환웅,백광희 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1995 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.7 No.-
Ribose-binding protein (RBP) of E coli function in the periplasm as a component of a high affinity transport system for ribose and as a primary receptor for chemotaxis toward ribose. A mutant (rbsB103) in the signal sequence of RBP has a defect in the export of the protein to the periplasm. The intragenic suppressors for rbsB103 were isolated genetically. One of them had a change at 5th amino acid of RBP. In order to assess the role of the 5th amino acid in the transport of rbsB103, we substituted the alanine of 5th position with various amino acids by site-directed mutagenesis. The mutants replaced by Arg, Asp, Pro, or Ser at 5th amino acid of RBP can suppress the defect of protein transport.
열분해 가스 크로마토그래피에 의한 EPDM-Polymer Blend 고무의 분석
이명환,황희선 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1991 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-
Pyrolytic analysis based on pyrolysis-gas chromatography(PGC) technique have been performaed for identification of NR, BR, SBR, CR, EPDM and their blends. The results each of characteristic peak of single rubber showed dipentene, 4-vinylcyclohexene, styrene, chloroprene, 2,4-dimethy1-1-heptene. Since the physicochemical properties of blends of NR/EPDM. BR/EPDM, SBR/EPEM, CR/EPDM,NR/EPDM, BR/SBR/EPDM were heavily affected by their blending ratio, it was found to be essential to confirm the blending ratio of the blends. Finally, the standard calibration curves for characterization of various blending ratio in each system were obtained on the basis of their pyrograms.