A New Approach for the Estimation of Immission Loads Under Steady State Conditions

Hanefi Bayraktar 대한토목학회 2010 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.14 No.6

Air quality management takes into consideration emission factors and inventories which are essential for developing emission control strategies for determining applicability of permitting and controlling programs and ascertaining the effects of sources and appropriate mitigation strategies. Emission estimates are also important for the related applications such as climate change etc. Emission inventories are studied by emission factors, which mostly lack association of some parameters, such as regional meteorological conditions, socioeconomic and developmental status and industrialization. This study offers a new approach (estimation of imission load) for the calculation of emission inventories after adding the estimation of many possible inputs and outputs. Foremost, average areal concentrations of pollutants are calculated by applying Percentage Weighting Polygon Method (PWP) to Erzurum urban SO2 imission measurement values. Later, mixing height of the study region in Erzurum, Turkey, is assessed by upper atmosphere observations from March 31st to April 1st 2006. Imission load of SO2 in Erzurum urban centre are calculated by a different paradigm based on multiplying urban centre area, mixing height and areal pollutant SO2 concentration values.

Pituitary Volumes Are Reduced in Patients with Somatization Disorder

Hanefi Yildirim,Murad Atmaca,Burcu Sirlier,Alperen Kayali 대한신경정신의학회 2012 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.9 No.3

Objective-Despite of the suggested physiological relationship between somatoform disorder and disturbances in HPA axis function no volumetric study of pituitary volumes in somatization disorder has been carried out. Therefore, we aimed to use structural MRI to evaluate the pituitary volumes of the patients with somatization disorder. Methods-Eighteen female patients with somatization disorder according to DSM-IV and same number of healthy controls were included into the study. All subjects were scanned using a 1.5-T General Electric (GE; Milwaukee, USA) scanner. Pituitary volume measurements were determined by using manuallly tracings according to standard antomical atlases. Results-It was found significantly smaller pituitary volumes of the whole group of somatization patients compared to healthy (t=-3.604, p=0.001). ANCOVA predicting pituitary volumes demonstrated a significant main effect of diagnostic group (F=13.530, p<0.001) but TBV (F=1.924, p>0.05) or age (F=1.159, p>0.05). It was determined that there was no significant correlation between smaller pituitary volumes and the duration of illness (r=0.16, p>0.05) in the patient group. Conclusion-In conclusion, we suggest that the patients with somatization disorder might have significantly smaller pituitary volumes compared to healthy control subjects.

Hippocampal Neurochemical Pathology in Patients with Panic Disorder

Murad Atmaca,Hanefi Yildirim,M. Gurkan Gurok,Muammer Akyol,Filiz Koseoglu 대한신경정신의학회 2012 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.9 No.2

Objective In the present study, we measured hippocampal N-acetyl-l-aspartate (NAA), choline (CHO) and creatine (CRE) values in patients with panic disorder and healthy control subjects using in vivo 1H MRS. Methods We scanned 20 patients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria for panic disorder and 20 matched healthy controls with a 1.5 Tesla GE Signa Imaging System and measured of NAA, CHO, and CRE in hippocampal regions. ResultsaaWhen NAA, CHO and CRE values were compared between groups, statistically significant lower levels for all ones were detected for both sides. Conclusion Consequently, in the present study we found that NAA, CHO and CRE values of the patients with panic disorder were lower than those healthy controls. Future studies involving a large number of panic patients may shed further light on the generalizability of the current findings to persons with panic disorder. Objective In the present study, we measured hippocampal N-acetyl-l-aspartate (NAA), choline (CHO) and creatine (CRE) values in patients with panic disorder and healthy control subjects using in vivo 1H MRS. Methods We scanned 20 patients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria for panic disorder and 20 matched healthy controls with a 1.5 Tesla GE Signa Imaging System and measured of NAA, CHO, and CRE in hippocampal regions. ResultsaaWhen NAA, CHO and CRE values were compared between groups, statistically significant lower levels for all ones were detected for both sides. Conclusion Consequently, in the present study we found that NAA, CHO and CRE values of the patients with panic disorder were lower than those healthy controls. Future studies involving a large number of panic patients may shed further light on the generalizability of the current findings to persons with panic disorder.

Do Defense Styles of Ego Relate to Volumes of Orbito-Frontal Cortex in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

Murad Atmaca,Hanefi Yildirim,Mustafa Koc,Sevda Korkmaz,Sinan Ozler,Zehra Erenkus 대한신경정신의학회 2011 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.8 No.2

Objective Although the importance of orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) is established in the pathogenesis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), no study have evaluated its relation to the traditional psychodynamic perspective. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the defense styles consisting of mature, immature and neurotic defenses and OFC volumes of patients with OCD. Methods Subjects were selected among those of our previous study, and so eighteen patients with OCD and same number of healthy controls were took into the study. The patients and controls had underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, the Defense Style Questionnaire-40 was administered to obtain defense styles of patients and controls. Results No significant relationship was found between the right OFC volumes of both the patient and control groups and their scores of mature, neurotic, or immature defense mechanisms. As for the left OFC volumes, the only significant relationship for the scores of immature defense mechanism was found in the patient group. Conclusion The results of the present study indicated that there was no significant relationship between OFC volumes of the patient group and their scores of mature, neurotic, or immature defense mechanisms, except a significant relation with the scores of immature defense mechanisms. Objective Although the importance of orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) is established in the pathogenesis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), no study have evaluated its relation to the traditional psychodynamic perspective. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the defense styles consisting of mature, immature and neurotic defenses and OFC volumes of patients with OCD. Methods Subjects were selected among those of our previous study, and so eighteen patients with OCD and same number of healthy controls were took into the study. The patients and controls had underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, the Defense Style Questionnaire-40 was administered to obtain defense styles of patients and controls. Results No significant relationship was found between the right OFC volumes of both the patient and control groups and their scores of mature, neurotic, or immature defense mechanisms. As for the left OFC volumes, the only significant relationship for the scores of immature defense mechanism was found in the patient group. Conclusion The results of the present study indicated that there was no significant relationship between OFC volumes of the patient group and their scores of mature, neurotic, or immature defense mechanisms, except a significant relation with the scores of immature defense mechanisms.

Orbito-Frontal Cortex Volumes in Panic Disorder

Murad Atmaca,Hanefi Yildirim,M. Gurkan Gurok,Muammer Akyol 대한신경정신의학회 2012 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.9 No.4

Objective Given the association between the pathophysiology of panic disorder and prefrontal cortex function, we aimed to perform a volumetric MRI study in patients with panic disorder and healthy controls focusing on the in vivo neuroanatomy of the OFC. Methods Twenty right-handed patients with panic disorder and 20 right-handed healthy control subjects were studied. The volumes of whole brain, total white and gray matters, and OFC were measured by using T1-weighted coronal MRI images, with 1.5-mm-thick slices, at 1.5T. In addition, for psychological valuation, Hamilton Depression Rating (HDRS) and Panic Agoraphobia Scales (PAS) were administered. ResultsaaUnadjusted mean volumes of the whole brain volume, total white and gray matter were not different between the patients and healthy controls while the patient group had significantly smaller left (t=-6.70, p<0.0001) and right (t=-5.86, p<0.0001) OFC volumes compared with healthy controls. Conclusion Our findings indicate an alteration of OFC morphology in the panic disorder and suggest that OFC abnormalities may be involved in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. Objective Given the association between the pathophysiology of panic disorder and prefrontal cortex function, we aimed to perform a volumetric MRI study in patients with panic disorder and healthy controls focusing on the in vivo neuroanatomy of the OFC. Methods Twenty right-handed patients with panic disorder and 20 right-handed healthy control subjects were studied. The volumes of whole brain, total white and gray matters, and OFC were measured by using T1-weighted coronal MRI images, with 1.5-mm-thick slices, at 1.5T. In addition, for psychological valuation, Hamilton Depression Rating (HDRS) and Panic Agoraphobia Scales (PAS) were administered. ResultsaaUnadjusted mean volumes of the whole brain volume, total white and gray matter were not different between the patients and healthy controls while the patient group had significantly smaller left (t=-6.70, p<0.0001) and right (t=-5.86, p<0.0001) OFC volumes compared with healthy controls. Conclusion Our findings indicate an alteration of OFC morphology in the panic disorder and suggest that OFC abnormalities may be involved in the pathophysiology of panic disorder.

Ghrelin is Present in Teeth

( Suleyman Aydin ),( I Brahim Hanefi Ozercan ),( Hikmet Geckil ),( Ferda Dagli ),( Suna Aydin ),( Sinem Kumru ),( Nermin Kilic ),( I Brahim Sahin ),( Mehmet Resat Ozercan ) 생화학분자생물학회 2007 BMB Reports Vol.40 No.3

Ghrelin is Present in Teeth

Aydin, Suleyman,Ozercan, I brahim Hanefi,Geckil, Hikmet,Dagli, Ferda,Aydin, Suna,Kumru, Sinem,Kilic, Nermin,Sahin, I brahim,Ozercan, Mehmet Resat Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.3

Ghrelin belongs to the family of a gut-brain hormone that promotes food intake and controls energy balance. Recently, it has also been shown to regulate bone formation directly. Dental tissue shares several functional, developmental and anatomical similarities with bone, and in the present study we have investigated the presence of ghrelin in 44 human teeth using immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. Both methods showed that the hormone is present in canines and molars, mainly in the odontoblasts but also in the pulp. Ghrelin could potentially play interesting physiological roles in teeth.