지방족 탄화수소의 할로겐 유도체 수용액의 광촉매-광분해

전진,정학진,김해진,김삼혁 한국환경과학회 1997 한국환경과학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The rates of photodegradation, reactivities, and mechanisms of photooxidation for the aqueous solution containing with halogen derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons have been discussed with respect to the kinds of photocatalysts, concentration of photocatalytic suspensions, strength of radiant power , time of illumination, changes of pH of substrate solution, wavelength of radiation, and pressure of oxygen gas saturated in the solution. These aqueous solutions suspended with 0.5 gL^-1 TiO_2 powder have been photodecomposed in the range of 100 and 93.8% per 1 hour if it is illuminated with wavelength (λ≥ 300nm) produced from Xe-lamp(450W). The photocatalytic abilities have been increased in the order of Fe_2O_3 < CdS < CeO_2 < Y_O2_3 < TiO_2, and rates of photodegradation for the solution have maximum values in the condition of pH 6∼8 and 3 psi-O_2 gL^-1. These rates for the photooxidation per 1 hour were dependent on the size of molecular weight and chemical bonding for organic halogen compounds and the rates of photodegradation were increased in the order of C_2H_5Br < CH_2Br_2 < C_5H_11Cl C_2H_4Cl_2 < trans-C_2H_2Cl_2 < cis-C_2H_2Cl_2 The t_1/2 and t_99% for these solutions were 5∼21 and 40∼90 minutes, respectively, and these values were coincided with initial reaction kinetics(r_0). It was found that reaction of photodegradation has the pseudo first-order kinetics controlled by the amount of h^+_VB diffused from a surface of photocatalysts.

실향민(失鄕民) 모티브와 기독교 신앙의 두 양태

정학진(Chung, Hak-jin) 한국비평문학회 2014 批評文學 Vol.- No.52

김원일은 우리시대 대표적인 분단문학 작가이다. 1966년 대구매일신보에 「1961. 알제리아」가 당선된 이래 여러 편의 중, 단편 소설을 발표했다. 그러던 중 1973년 「어둠의 혼」이 당선된 것을 기점으로 『노을』(1978), 『겨울골짜기 상, 하』(1987), 『마당 깊은 집』(1988), 『불의 제전1-7권』(1983-1997), 등 탁월한 분단문학을 집필했고 이 시대 대표적인 분단문학 작가라는 평가를 받고 있다. 그러나 1990년 이후 즉, 범박하게 말하자면 시기적으로 그의 후기소설이라고 할 수 있는 작품들은 분단문학의 범주에 들기 어려운 것들이다. 그의 후기 작품 세계는 신의 초월성과 내재성 뿐만 아니라 인간 내면 깊숙이에 잠재된 원형성과 실향성 등 인간의 내면적이고 근원적인 문제에 관심이 집중되어 있다. 그러므로 그를 단순히 ‘분단문학 작가’라는 카테고리 속에만 묶어두어서는 안 될 것이다. 따라서 본 연구자는 그가 깊이 관심했던 중요한 모티브의 하나인 ‘실향성’과 ‘종교’ 그중에서도 특히 ‘기독교’에 천착한 주제를 가지고 씨름해 온 작품 중에서 『가족1,2』를 텍스트로 삼았다. 이 작품은 정치(精緻)하게 읽어갈수록 두 개의 큰 기둥이 보인다. 김치효를 중심으로 위로는, 북에서 피난 온 아버지 김석현 옹과, 아래로 3명의 아들들로 대변되는 ‘실향성(失鄕性)’의 모티브를 읽어낼 수 있다. 또한 김치효의 아내인 장경순와 딸인 김선결, 그리고 그의 애인인 민한세 전도사로 상징되는 두 개의 기독교가 선명하게 존재한다. 공교롭게도 남성들은 ‘실향성’에, 그리고 소설 중에서 여성들은 ‘종교성’에 깊이 관계되어 있다. 실향민 모티브에는 공간적 고향을 잃은 김석현 옹(공간적 실향민)과 그에 대비되는 무의미성(무목적성)으로 궁극적인 고향을 상실한 3명의 아들들이 이항대립적인 위치를 점하고 있다. 반면에 소설 후반부로 갈수록 내세적이고 시한부 종말론을 주장하며 사이비로 빠져드는 장경순 여사와 무신론적 실존주의자로 살다가 여러 사건을 통해 기독교로 귀의하는 둘째 딸, 김선결이 대표하는 사회참여적 기독교, 혹은 사회변혁적인 기독교가 등장한다. 본 연구는 이 두 개의 서로 다른 정점에 있는 주제에 대해 연구하고, 이 둘이 하나로 이어질 수 있는 가능성에 대해 모색해 보았다. This paper is concerned about investigating the christian thought in Kim won il’s late literature. He is very significant polarized literature author. He has been said that he was the most specific novelist in our period. There is few to deny this fact. However, I don’t think so. Even though we recognize that he wrote many excellent polarized works, is it possible for us to limit his late works as polarized literature? I divide his works as 3periods. The first literature works was written under the effect of existentialism from 1966 to 『sunset』(1978) The second literature are called as the polarized literature period including 『sunset』(1978) 『The fire carnival』(1982-1997) 『The wind and The river』(1985) 『The winter valley』(1987) 『A house which have a large yard』(1988). The third period literature has been written about the theme like disabled person, religion, social equality and utopia, The displaced person, family, and faith. Above all, I realize that he takes many concern about religious reality. There are especially many instance in his late novel 『The family』(2000) Therefore, I want to recognize his late works as religious literature.

저작근 골막하 박리를 이용한 만성 재발성 탈구의 치험례

심재환,김기홍,문진석,민병진,이원학,홍광진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.3

Chronic recurrent dislocation(CRD) of the jaw has various etilogical causes, including trauma, congenital or acquired neurological illness, ingestion of certain medicines, incorrdination of the neuromuscular astivity of the chewing muscles, articular anatomical alteration, etc. Various surgical methods have been advocated for the treatment of the CRD. They may be divided into two groups: procedures designed to limit translation of the condyle and procedures eliminating obstacles in the condylar path. Hypomobility of mandible can be developed after BSSRO and it is probably caused by scar contracture, atrophy, and myofibrosis. Many authors, therefore, emphasized the importance of physical therapy especially after BSSRO to prevent the complication. Based on that idea, we designed more conservative surgical method to limit mandibular openning compared the methods that previously introduced and tried to treat the CRD. This new method consists of extensive subperiosteal dissection of masseter and the temporalis muscle under local anesthesia and use of intermaxillary elastics for some periods.

민간 체육시설 이용자의 만족도에 관한 연구

진중의,김진표,손영학 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2002 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study is on examining closely and precisely the correlations between the realities with using sporting centers and satisfaction of people using them. Firstly, in order to achieve that purpose, I have analyzed the differences in people's satisfaction that are caused by characteristics of the Population Statistics. Then I have studied about effects of realities on people using the sporting centers to the satisfaction. In this research, some health clubs in Teagu have been focused on the frame to be required. I picked 250 people randomly first but excluded 67 people who have been considered as being answered with insincerity or have been omitted due to insufficiency on the final questionnaire, which means finally 193 people were completely answered. This study includes totally 42 questions that are made up of 4 Population statistical questions about tools used as assessments, 3 questions about causes of the realities of sporting activities, and 35 questions about causes of the satisfaction rate by using some analyzing methodologies that are used, such as the frequency analytics, t-test, One way anova, scheffe's post-inspection, interrelationship analytics, regression analytics, and so on. Could get some meaningful results like following with using those methodologies mentioned before. Firstly, I could find out meaningful differences between different categories, amongst the Population Statistics characteristics in people using the sport centers, that were leader's ages, equipment satisfaction differentiated by the standards of education in the sporting programs, equipment satisfaction in the leader's different wages, and so on. Secondly, in the lower leveled realities causes, the equipment satisfaction has been revealed statistically around 5%(actually 8.1%) in frequency of participation whereas the programs have been indicated approximately 5%(actually 7.0%) in the term of participation.

타이어 특성을 고려한 승용차 조향계의 동특성 硏究

朴炳學,李勇虎,吳鎭祐 麗水水産大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

This paper presents the problem related to the rotational vibration in the steering wheel of a passenger car during high speed driving. In order to analyze the vibration of steering wheel, the lateral slips by the camber angle and the steering angle of road wheel are considered and the longitudinal slips are assumed to be zero. The responses of steering system due to unbalances and the phase difference between two unbalance masses are considered as two important characteristics in the vehicle steering system in this study. The model of steering system has as many as eleven degrees of freedom, from which the responses of vibrational acceleration in the steering wheel with regard to the vehicle velocity are obtained. As a result, it is founded that the vibrational acceleration is proportional to the unbalance mass and the phase difference.

韓國 알미늄 箔産業의 마케팅 戰略

李容鶴,文學鎭 수원대학교 기업경영연구소 1992 企業經營硏究 Vol.1 No.-

Korean Aluminium Foil Industry has grown, during the last five years, as the average annul growth rate was 19.1%, But in the late 80's, with the new foil manufacturers participation, the already established manufacturers have worried over the increased production capacity. The industry is in a transitional stage changing from excess demand to excess supply. The study suggests the marketing strategy for the Korean Aluminium Foil industry as follows. First, the industry needs to reform its management from the reproduction emphasis to marketing emphasis. With the product surplus, the manufacturers have to sell to survive by the circulation of production -sales-reproduction. Second, through a marketing mix, the industry has to promote a new demand and enhance the marketability without pricing competitiveness. There has to be an effort to develop a new product, as well as enhancing the product quality. Third, aggressive export strategy has to be developed. And lastly, Green Marketing should be introduced into the Aluminium Foil industry.

溶媒添加에 따른 Ethylene Disulfide Dibenzoic Acid와 희토류 금속 ion과의 錯物에 對한 分光學的 硏究(Ⅰ).

丁學鎭,송성식,曺正煥 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1984 自然科學硏究 Vol.7 No.1

Thiosalicylic acid를 출발물질로 하여 EDDA(Ethylene disulfide dibenzoic zcid) ligand를 합성하였다. 이 ligand는 IR Spectrum과 원소 분석에 의하여 확인하였고 몇가지 희토류 금속이온과 ligand사이에 생성된 착이온의 pH 및 시간에 대한 안정성과 용매첨가에 따른 Complex ion들의 분광학적 현상을 UV분광법으로 확인하였다. 전위차분석법에 의하여 합성된 ligand의 pKa값을 정하고 complex ion들의 금속-리간드간에 존재하는 공유결합성을 ligand의 pKa값과 착이온들의 oscillator strenght 사이에서 얻어진 관계식으로부터 검토하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 합성된 EDDA ligand의 원소분석결과 이론치에 일치하였으며 IR Spectrum data로부터 aromatic-S-aliphatic 특성 peak와 aromatic-COOH dimer peak를 얻었다. 2. 합성된 EDDA ligand는 4자리 schiff base ligand로 행동한다. 3. 생성된 착이온의 입체적 구조변화는 hypsochromic effect를 갖는 n-π charge transfer complex이다. 4. Lanthanides(Ⅲ)와 EDDA ligand사이에 생성된 complex ion들은 1:1 complex였다. 5. 착이온들의 최대흡광파장은 결합하고 있는 중심금속의 종류에 따라 달라진다. 6. 착이온들에게 몇가지 유기용매를 첨가한 결과 complex ion들의 최대 흡광파장은 bathochromic effect를 갖는다. 7. 착이온들의 P^H 안정성은 pH 6.0∼9.0이며 lanthanides(Ⅲ)와 합성된 ligand를 몇가지 유기용매와 반응시킨때의 시간의 안정성은 30분후이다. 8. Complex ion의 안정도 상수들은 pKa값과 첨가된 용매의 종류의 변화에 따라 달랐다. 9. 착화합물들의 osillator strenght(P_ML) values와 transitonal absorption band들은 P_obs/f_m×10^5 vs。f_M/f_M의 linear dinear diagram과 거의 일치하고 이는 금속-ligand 결합이 -COOH의 산소원자와 황원자들에 의하여 형성되었음을 보여주는 것이다. Ethylene disulfide dibenzoic acid (EDDA) ligand is synthesized with starting matterial of thiosalicylic acid, this ligand is identified with IR spectrum and analytical data of carbon and hydrogen. The stability of time and pH on the complex ions formed between some rare earth metallic ions and ligand synthesized, and spectrophotometrc phenomena of complex ions formed according to the addition of solvent have been investigated by UV.-Vis. spectrophotometry. The pKa values of ligand synthesized have been obtained by the method of potentiotitrator, the covalent bonding property that is existed between metals and ligand of the complex ions has been discussed from the equations given between pKa values of ligand and oscillator strength of complex ions. The results are as follows: 1) The analytical data of hydrogen and carbon of EDDA ligand synthesized correspond with experimental values, the characteristic peaks of aromatic-aliphatic groups and peaks of aromatic-COOH dimer are shown in I R. spectrophotometric data. 2) EDDA behaves as ligand of four site-schiff base. 3) Stereostructure of complex ions formed are n-π charge transfer complexes with hypsochromic effect. 4) Complex ions formed between lanthanides(Ⅲ) and EDDA ligand are 1 : 1 complexes. 5) The λ max. of complex ions are varied depending on the centered metals bonded. 6) The λ max. of complex ions added with various kinds of solvents have bathochromic effect. 7) The pH range of stability is 6.0∼9.0, and stability of time reacted with lanthanides(Ⅲ) and ligand synthesized under various kinds of solvents is 30 minutes. 8) The stability consants of complex ions are varied with the changes of pKa and kinds of solvents added. 9) The oscillator strength(P_ML) of transitional absorption bands of complexes almost corresponds with linnear diagram of P_0bs/f_M×10^6 vs. f_ML/f_M. and these results show that metal-ligand bonding are formed by oxygen atom in rhe carboxyl groups and sulfur atoms.

小員環 化合物에 關한 硏究 : Li-Bistosylhydrazone의 熱分解 生成物에 關하여 Products of the Lithium Fumaraldehyde Bistosylhydrazone Pyrolysis

李學沂,林龍進,沈相喆 경북대학교 공과대학 1971 工大硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

The pyrolysis of dry lithiun salt of fumaraldehyde tosylhydrazone which was prepared by reacting fumaraldehyde and tosylhydrazine was studied. The products of therm a decomposition, acetylene, ethytlene and unidentified gaseous substances, were separated by GC to learn the ratio of the products which was variable according to the reaction conditions. The investigaton of the path route to form acetylene, ethylene and unidentified compounds remains for further work to learn the mechanism of tetrahedrane formation.

한국 근해안강망어업의 조석에 따른 주간 어황변동 추세 분석

김진영,황진수,임양재,홍승현,연인자,황학진,김지연 한국수산자원학회 2003 한국수산자원학회지 Vol.6 No.-

조류의 강세에 의존하여 조업이 이루어지는 근해안 강망어업의 어황이 조석에 따라 어떻게 변동하는지를 연구하기 위하여 1994년부터 1996년까지 주간 어획량, 조업척수, 척당어획량의 자료를 판매량이 증가하는 조금 전후와 그 반대의 현상이 나타나는 사리 등으로 구분하여 시계열분석기벅으로 장기변동추세를 분석하였다. 단계별 구분에 따른 어획량에 대한 분석결과, 3단계 구분에서 전체적으로 모형의 적합도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 3단계로 구분한 경우의 어획량은 조금에 (1-0.6891B+2.1168B²)(1-B)Z₁=(1-0.9730B)a_(?) 사리에 Z_(t)=(1+0.41659B)a_(t₁) 중간물에 (1+1.38253B+0.63391B²)Z₁-(1+1.15390B+0.64547B²)Z₁-(1+1.15390B+0.64547B²)a_(t)로 표현되었으며, 조업척수는 조금에 (1-0.19699B)Z₁=(1-0.66259B)a_(t?) 사리에 (1+0.45672B)Z₁=1+0.006094B)a_(t?) 중간물에(1.0.74814B) Z₁=((1-0.21476b)a_(t)로 표현되었다. 척당어획량은 조금에 (1-0.54709B+0.26967B^(6))Z_(t)=a_(t₁) 사리에 (1-0.26622B-0.28067B^(6))(1+0.45081B^(8))Z_(t)=(I+0.21652B^(15))a 중간물에 (1-0.23881B-0.10487B^(5))Z_(t)=a_(t)로 나타낼 수 있었다. Z_(t)는 시간 t에서의 어획량, 조업척수, 척당 어획량을 나타낸다. B는 후향연산자 로서 ㅇ?P를 들면 B^(d)를 Z_(t)에 작용시키면 Z_(t-d)이 된다. A seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) time series model was applied to the weekly prediction of landings. number of operating boats and catches per unit effort of large stow net fisheries as ebb and flow in Korean wafers for 1994-1996. The estimated seasonal ARIMA models are presented as the fellowing equations:(1-0.6891B+2.1168B²)(1-B)Z₁=(1-(0.9730B)a₁ at the neap tides. Z₁=(1+0.41659B)a₁ at the spring tides, and (1+1.38253B+0.63391B²) Z₁=(1+1.15390B+0.64547B²)a₁ at the middle tides between the neap tide and the spring tide fer landings.(1-0.19699B) Z₁=(1-0.662593)a₁ at the neap tides. (1+0.45672B) Z₁=(1+D.0.006094B)a₁ at the spring tides, and (1-0.74814B) Z₁=(1-0.214766)a₁ at the middle tides between the neap tide and the spring tide for the number or operating boats, and(1-0.54709B+0.26967B)Z₁=a₁at the neap tides, (1-0.26622B-0.28067B^(6))(1+0.45081B^(8)) Z₁=(1+0.21652B^(15))a₁ at the spring tides, and (1-0.23881B-0.10487B^(5)) Z₁=a₁t the middle tides between the neap tide and the spring tide for the catch per unit efforts, where: :Z_(t)=the value at week t: B^(D)=a backward shift operator that is used as follows: B^(D)Z_(t)=-Z_(t-p); and a_(t)=error term at week t. The prediction error by the Box-Cox transformation on weekly landings, number of operating boats and CPUB of stow net in Korea were less than that by the Iogarithmic transformation.

O₃/H₂O₂와 O₃/Catalyst 고급산화공정에서 1,4-dioxane의 제거 특성

박진도,서정호,이학성 한국환경과학회 2006 한국환경과학회지 Vol.15 No.3