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KHG26792 Inhibits Melanin Synthesis in Mel-Ab Cells and a Skin Equivalent Model
Hailan Li,Jandi Kim,Hoh-Gyu Hahn,Jun Yun,Hyo-Soon Jeong,Hye-Young Yun,Kwang Jin Baek,Nyoun Soo Kwon,Young Sil Min,Kyoung-Chan Park,Dong-Seok Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.3
The purpose of this study is to characterize the effects of KHG26792 (3-(naphthalen-2-yl(propoxy) methyl)azetidine hydrochloride), a potential skin whitening agent, on melanin synthesis and identify the underlying mechanism of action. Our data showed that KHG26792 significantly reduced melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, KHG26792 downregulated microphthalmiaassociated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis, although tyrosinase was not inhibited directly. KHG26792 activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas an ERK pathway inhibitor, PD98059, rescued KHG26792-induced hypopigmentation. These results suggest that KHG26792 decreases melanin production via ERK activation. Moreover, the hypopigmentary effects of KHG26792 were confirmed in a pigmented skin equivalent model using <em>Cervi cornus Colla</em> (deer antler glue), in which the color of the pigmented artificial skin became lighter after treatment with KHG26792. In summary, our findings suggest that KHG26792 is a novel skin whitening agent.
Information-Eliciting Talk of Disastrous Stories via “at first I thought”
Hailan Ma,Dong-Jin Shin 한국언어연구학회 2020 언어학연구 Vol.25 No.3
Based on the reports of 60 Chinese extraordinary disastrous events by mass media, the present paper investigates the use of contrastive discourse marker “at first I thought” by the survivors of the sudden disastrous events describing with conversation analysis. The research questions are as follows (1) what are people’s reactions to extraordinary disastrous events? (2) How do people describe their first reaction to a disaster in words? (3) What is the relationship between their first reaction and subsequent facts? The finding of current study is when disastrous event witnesses or survivors describe the sudden events, they hold the sense of nothing serious happened in their mentality, and adopt “At first I thought A, then I realized B” and its different variants to describe their first reactions. According to the data, the relationship between their first reaction and subsequent facts is as below: the collision between wrong first thought and correct reality; by using the immediacy markers, or credentials, one begins to identify the correctness of first thought; and naked reports of a catastrophic first thought can be used to describe the extraordinary disastrous events.
KHG26792 Inhibits Melanin Synthesis in Mel-Ab Cells and a Skin Equivalent Model
Li, Hailan,Kim, Jandi,Hahn, Hoh-Gyu,Yun, Jun,Jeong, Hyo-Soon,Yun, Hye-Young,Baek, Kwang Jin,Kwon, Nyoun Soo,Min, Young Sil,Park, Kyoung-Chan,Kim, Dong-Seok The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.3
The purpose of this study is to characterize the effects of KHG26792 (3-(naphthalen-2-yl(propoxy)methyl)azetidine hydrochloride), a potential skin whitening agent, on melanin synthesis and identify the underlying mechanism of action. Our data showed that KHG26792 significantly reduced melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, KHG26792 downregulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis, although tyrosinase was not inhibited directly. KHG26792 activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas an ERK pathway inhibitor, PD98059, rescued KHG26792-induced hypopigmentation. These results suggest that KHG26792 decreases melanin production via ERK activation. Moreover, the hypopigmentary effects of KHG26792 were confirmed in a pigmented skin equivalent model using Cervi cornus Colla (deer antler glue), in which the color of the pigmented artificial skin became lighter after treatment with KHG26792. In summary, our findings suggest that KHG26792 is a novel skin whitening agent.
Inhibition of Melanogenesis by <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L.
LI, Hailan,MIN, Young Sil,PARK, Kyoung-Chan,KIM, Dong-Seok Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2012 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.76 No.4
<P><I>Xanthium strumarium</I> L. (Asteraceae) is traditionally used in Korea to treat skin diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of a <I>X. strumarium</I> stem extract on melanin synthesis. It inhibited melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner, but it did not directly inhibit tyrosinase, the rate-limiting melanogenic enzyme, and instead downregulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase expression. MITF, the master regulator of pigmentation, is a target of the Wnt signaling pathway, which includes glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and β-catenin. Hence, the influence of <I>X. strumarium</I> stem extract on GSK3β and β-catenin was further investigated. <I>X. strumarium</I> induced GSK3β phosphorylation (inactivation), but the level of β-catenin did not change. Moreover, a specific GSK3β inhibitor restored <I>X. strumarium</I>-induced melanin reduction. Hence, we suggest that <I>X. strumarium</I> inhibits melanin synthesis through downregulation of tyrosinase <I>via</I> GSK3β phosphorylation.</P>
진피세포의 조성이 인공피부의 기저막과 표피형성에 미치는 영향
이해란 ( Hailan Li ),정효순 ( Hyo-soon Jeong ),김잔디 ( Jandi Kim ),윤혜영 ( Hye-young Yun ),백광진 ( Kwang Jin Baek ),권년수 ( Nyoun Soo Kwon ),민영실 ( Young Sil Min ),박경찬 ( Kyoung-chan Park ),김동석 ( Dong-seok Kim ) 대한화장품학회 2012 대한화장품학회지 Vol.38 No.3
최근 유럽연합에서는 동물실험을 통하여 검증된 성분을 함유하고 있는 화장품에 대하여 판매를 금지할 것을 선언하였다. 그리하여 동물실험을 대체할 동물실험 대체모델의 개발이 필요해졌다. 인공피부는 화장품, 의약품 및 의료기기의 안전 테스트에 있어서 아주 중요한 시스템이다. 본 연구에서는 기저막과 표피를 가지고 있는 최적의 인공피부를 만들기 위한 시도를 하였다. 이러한 목적으로 중간엽줄기세표(MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells)와 지방전구세포를 진피세포인 섬유모세포와 혼합하여 진피대체물을 만들었다. 기저막과 표피의 형성은 면역조직화학 염색(immunohistochemical stains)을 통하여 확인하였다. 여러 가지 모델 중에서, 중간엽줄기세포를 혼합한 모델에서 표피의 두께가 제일 두꺼웠으며 또한 PCNA와 involucrin의 분포가 실제 사람피부와 비슷하였다. 결론적으로, 본 연구의 결과는 진피대체물에 중간엽줄기세포를 혼합한 인공피부가 동물실험 대체모델로 개발될 수 있다는 점을 제시한다. European Union prohibited the marketing of cosmetic products containing constituents that have been examined through animal experiments. Thus, non-animal test models are needed to replace animal experiments. The reconstructed skin models are important as a test system for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and medical device safety testing. In the present study, we tried to develop an optimal skin equivalent model containing basement membrane and epidermis. For this purpose, we used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or preadipocytes as well as fibroblasts as the dermal matrix cells. The formation of basement membrane and epidermis was verified by immunohistochemical stains. Among various models, the epidermis was thickest when MSCs were used in the dermal matrix. Furthermore, PCNA and involucrin distribution showed that dermal matrix with MSCs resembled human skin. Therefore, skin equivalents with MSCs could be developed as a non-animal test model to replace animal experiments.
Slow Feature Analysis for Mitotic Event Recognition
( Jinghui Chu ),( Hailan Liang ),( Zheng Tong ),( Wei Lu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.3
Mitotic event recognition is a crucial and challenging task in biomedical applications. In this paper, we introduce the slow feature analysis and propose a fully-automated mitotic event recognition method for cell populations imaged with time-lapse phase contrast microscopy. The method includes three steps. First, a candidate sequence extraction method is utilized to exclude most of the sequences not containing mitosis. Next, slow feature is learned from the candidate sequences using slow feature analysis. Finally, a hidden conditional random field (HCRF) model is applied for the classification of the sequences. We use a supervised SFA learning strategy to learn the slow feature function because the strategy brings image content and discriminative information together to get a better encoding. Besides, the HCRF model is more suitable to describe the temporal structure of image sequences than nonsequential SVM approaches. In our experiment, the proposed recognition method achieved 0.93 area under curve (AUC) and 91% accuracy on a very challenging phase contrast microscopy dataset named C2C12.
Analysis of Antenna Selection in Two-way Relaying MIMO Systems with CPM Modulation
( Guowei Lei ),( Hailan Chen ),( Yuanan Liu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.3
Up to now, many state-of-arts have been proposed for two-way relaying system with linear modulations. The performances of antenna selection (AS) at both transmit and relay nodes need to be investigated in some two-way relaying multiple-input multiple-output (TWRM) systems. In this paper, the goal is focused on the study of nonlinear modulations, i.e., continuous phase modulation (CPM) in TWRM systems. Firstly, the joint phase trellis are simplified by reversed Rimoldi processing so as to reduce the systems’ complexity. Then the performances of joint transmit and receive antenna selection (JTRAS) with CPM modulations in two-way relaying MIMO systems are analyzed. More exactly, the pair wise probability (PEP) is used to evaluate the error performance based on the CPM signal matrix, which is calculated in terms of Laurent expression. Since the channels subject to two terminal nodes share common antennas at relay node R in multiple-access scheme, we revise the JTRAS algorithm and compare it to existing algorithm via simulation. Finally, the error performances for various schemes of antenna selection are simulated and compared to the analysis in this paper.
Predicting the Weed Control Efficacy of Photosynthesis Inhibitors by PPM Method
HONGJUN ZHANG,HAILAN CUI,JIMING YE,XUE LIU,XIANGJUN LI,CORNE KEMPENAAR,SHOUHUI WEI,HANWEN NI 韓國雜草學會 2009 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.29 No.3
The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in Beijing, China, to determine whether weed control efficacy could be predicted based on Plant Photosynthesis Meter (PPM) values measured shortly after the application of photosynthesis inhibitors. The decrease of PPM values of the weed leaves treated with the mixture of atrazine and bentazone could be measured 1 day after treatment (DAT). The decreased extents depended on weed susceptibility and application dosage. There was significant correlation between the PPM values of the treated leaves 1 to 3 DAT and the biomass reduction 14 DAT. The experimental findings indicated that PPM values measured in early days after treatment could give reasonable prediction on weed control. The herbicide usually provided 90% control by weed biomass when PPM value was about 20 and relatively poor control when PPM value over 20.