韓國産「모기」Anopheles屬의 生態學的 硏究

元炳徽,洪漢基,李海浜 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1967 農林科學 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The routine entomological investigations were carried out in the area of kaejeong myon, okku-Gum, cholla-pukdo province, 1964 and sinchang-myon, a san gun, chungchong namdo province, 1965. These investigations had been paid attention the better understanding of the behavior of anopheline mosquitos with regarding to the polulation density, resting habit, breeding habti. The results obtained are as follows: 1. During the investigation, three species of anopheline mosquitos were recorded, such as anopheles sinensis Wiedmann 1985, Anopheles sineroides Yamada 1925 and Anophles yatsushiroensis Miyazaki 1965. Anopheles yatsushiroensis Miyazaki 1951, so far only recorded in Japan, was the first reconded species in Korea in 1964; the locality where it was found is kaejong myon, okku gun, cholla pukdo province. 2. Anopheles mosquitos begin to appear from the middle of April and to disappear in October. The collected date of mosquictos by resting place collection in cow shed are three weeks earler than night cow biting collection. 3. Resting places of anopheline mosquitos are mainly in shed and outdoors which has high humidity and shadow. 4. The population density of Anopheles sinensis collected in cow shed and by cow biting appeared a peak in late of june and early of july, and secondary small peak in late of august and early september. 5. The biting activity at night from dusk to dawn, sharply decreasing just before dawn. The peak period has shown in different time in each months such as 21;00-22;00 hours in june, 23:00-24:00 in august, and 23:00-24:00 in september. 6. The minimum temperature for mosquito biting activity is 15°6 and the optimum is between 24-25℃ the activity decreased. 7. Anopheles sinensis appeared to be zoophilic in Sinchang area 30 times anthrophophilic than former area. 8. The light attraction of anopheles sinensis is 2.5 times higher. 9. The parous rate of Anopheles sinensis is significantly low in middle June and early August. 10. The parous rate of Anopheles sienesis caught by cow biting collection appeared higher after midnight (24:00-03: oohours) with no relation to the peak period of biting activity.

불어권 카나다 연구

원윤수,한명수,이인성,이해방 서울대학교 국제지역원 1992 국제지역연구 Vol.1 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 카나다 불어권 지역, 즉 퀘벡의 문화에 대한 포괄적이고 기초적인 지식을 확립하는 데 있다. 퀘벡은 주변 영어문화권으로부터 받는 끊임없는 동화의 위협에도 불구하고 자신들 고유의 불어권 문화를 형성, 발전시킴으로써 세계 문화 구도 속에서 독특한 위치를 차지하고 있으며, 퀘벡의 역사는 문화적, 사회적, 정치적 변화 속에서 자신들만의 독특한 정체성을 형성하기 위한 퀘벡인들의 노력이 어떠한 것이었던가를 잘 보여준다. 따라서 본 연구는 카나다 불어권을 역사, 정치, 경제, 예술, 언어의 다섯 분야로 나누어 탐구함으로써 이 지역이 갖는 특수성을 보다 잘 이애하고자 하였다. 특히 다음의 사항이 주된 연구 대상이 되었다. 주요 연구대상은 카나다 불어의 역사, 문화 생활에 불어의 사용이 끼친 영향, 이중언어주의, 현재의 퀘벡의 경제상항, 다원문화주의, 문화의식과 정치의식과의 상관성, 카나다의 미래 등이었다. 이러한 연구들 통해 우리는 퀘벡이 다른 문화권들과의 관계 속에서 자신의 독자성을 잃지 않으려는 끊임없는 노력을 보여주는 동시에 '다양성 속의 통일성'이라는 자신의 궁극적 목표에 다가서려는 노력도 잃지 않는 독자적인 문화권임을 알 수 있었다. Le but de cette etude est d'etablir les connaissances preliminaires et globales sur la culture du Quebec, region francophone du Canada. Cette region a un statut particulier dans la culture mondiale; comme un petit ilot francophone entoure d'une mer anglophone, le Quebec a toujours eu la volonte de sauvegarder son identite specifique, a travers les aleas d'une histoire agitee, parfois perilleuse meme. Portant notre attension sur cette specificite, nous avons essaye d'examiner la francophonie canadienne en cinq domaines : celui de l'histoire, de la politique, de l'economie, de l'art et de la langue. Notre reflexion s'est penchee surtout sur les questions suivantes: - l'evolution du francaise au Canada a travers les siecles - l'impact de l'usage du francais sur la vie culturelle - la situation actuelle du bilinguisme canadien - la conscience identitaire des francophones canadiens - la situation actuelle economique du Quebec - Le pluriculturalisme et le modele canadien par rapport au modele americain - leur resonnance dans la conscience cuturelle et politique - l'impasse constitutionnelle et la conscience politique des Canadiens - le Canada, quel avenir? Ce faisant, nous avons pu constater que le Quebec est une region culturelle independante s'efforcant a maintenir son identite specifique dans les relations complexes avec les autre communautes culturelles et a atteindre son but essentiel : "la diversite dans l'unit".

단일 지수함수형 패턴 제어기에 의한 스테핑 모터의 병렬제어

성원기,김영해 三陟大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.30 No.1

Parallel control of stepping motors by one's exponential pattern control system is described. In this system, two's stepping motors are accelerated in self-driving region on frequency-torque characteristics and two's motors in maximum rating speed. Maximum period of speed-variation range is 2×10-5[sec]. This system enables us to do the independent position and velocity control more economically than the trapezoid wave control system. By experiment, the results is verified.

아메리카 植民地 時代의 女性들 : 그 行蹟과 社會的地位에 關하여 their contribution without any rewards

尹惠源 淑明女子大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Much contributions the women had rendered in American colonial age is reviewed in this thesis. One of the most and fundamental causes which had led the early American colonies into the successful future, was the landing of the white women who could stired up the strong will and vivid life of the early colonial men. Especially the 90 maiden's coming in 1619 was an epochmaking event. 28 Pilgrim Mothers became a solid but invisible basis of the colonial development as good companions of man. Their Biblical Covenant asumed as the principle of their lives in early colonies had been kept steadly by Pilgrim Mother's religious spirit and also it was transmitted to their descendants. Anne Hatchinson, female pioneer and contributer to American religious liberty, had never withdrawn from the fighting against the authorities by the Mass. colont's thearchy in early days. Despite of the few educational opportunities for women, several genius women cultivated their ablities with self-studies and tried to poen the doors for their equal education to men in 19th Century. Quaker contributed to the American religious liberty and equalrights of woman in Pennsylvania, where many female forerunners for the anti-slavery and women's movement rose in 19th century. Eliza Lucus sueceeded to culhvate lndigo from West-India in South Carolina, Chion became important exportation of colonial agriculture in specially revolutionary age. Women in revolutionary age supported the idea of new nation builders and exerted themselves in the interests of their ideals. In short, colonial women had been a potential and fundamental forces to the formation of American new civilization and new values. Women's faith and courage gave the double strengths to the strong arms of their husbands with a love and pride. The history and tradition of colonial America amde up so many heroes but did nothing except ill treatments to women. Such improper rewards for women in those days were mainly caused by the wanting of their self-consciousness as a human which could challenge to the traditions or social conditions. Such lack of due rewards to women in American colonial ages is regarded as the pre-historical conditions or situations from which american women's movement comes out in 19th century.

출력 피이드백 제어 시스템의 적응 관측기-제어기 설계에 관한 연구

양해원 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1999 工學技術論文集 Vol.8 No.1

본 논문에서는 비모형화 특성과 외란이 존재하는 비선형 시스템에 대해 적응 백스테핑 기법을 이용해 강인한 적응 제어기를 설계한다. 특히, 제어기와 식별기 설계에 있어서는 tuning function과 modular기법을 적용한 백스테핑 기법을 사용한다. Tuning function 기법을 사용하면 overparameterization이 사라지게 된다. Modular 기법에서는 식별기 설계시 관측 오차의 유계성을 보장하는 Observer-Based Scheme과 Swapping-Based Scheme에 기초를 두고 있다 적응칙을 설계하기 위해 Switching- σ modification을 사용하고 비선형 시스템에 대한 비모형화 특성과 외란의 영향을 줄이기 위해서 제어칙을 수정한다. In this paper, we present a robust adaptive backstepping output feedback controller for nonlinear systems perturbed by unmodelled dynamics and disturbances. Especially, backstepping technique with tuning function and modular approach is used to design controller and identifier. The tuning function design procedure eliminates overparameterization. In modular design, the design of identifier is based on the observer-based scheme which possesses a strict passivity property of observer error system and on the swapping-based scheme. We use Switching- σ modification" at the update law and the modify control law to attenuate the effects of unmodelled dynamics and disturbances for nonlinear systems.

美國 女性 運動의 性格 : The women's Declaration of Sentiments를 中心으로 focus on the Women's Declaration of Sentiments

尹惠源 淑明女子大學校 1973 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Seneca Falls Convention held on 19th July 1848, had occupied the starting point of the regulare and organized Movement of Women in the United States. However its prehistory had been comming in company with the growth of the newly born American Democracy. American Democracy came out from the soil of the wildness. The old traditions the early colonians brought there, could not be gradually helped to be changed in the course of their overcomming the wild Circumstances. Such change of traditions was resulted by the causes of the realistic characters of the colonians, the rich resourses of new continent and the relativity of values owing to the racial complexity. It was the American Democracy as the selected effect of the old. Their democracy could be promoted by their unique intelligence as their new historical view indentifing the means with object and harmonizing the new experiences with the old conviction. And such intelligence was incarnated the Declaration of Indipendence in 1776. Despite of the Declaration of Indipendence openly protessed that “all men”must to enjoy freedoms and equalities, the Consititution omitted the women's rights in America. However American women could not notice that fact until their qualification of delegates were denied in the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London, 1840 because of only "sex". So that they were obliged to demand their equalities in 1848, with confidence of followings. First, their sacrificed contributions to the growth of Democracy throughout the colony days and during the Independent war. Second, their sacred responsibilities for maintainning and developing of Democracy. So this thesis insists that the Declaration of Women's Sentiments and Resolutions aimed to the full democratization of Women, a half population of the United States essencially corresponded to the Idea of Democracy. Because this Declaration provided the later women's movement with the Idea, platform and organization to make it more effective. But there were a lot of obstacles the Women's Movement had to overcome with their persiverance beforehand. American women desiring to realize the true Democracy without the distinction of sex, at last obtained the Women Suffrage in 1920 after the 1st World War. Inquiring into the history of the American Women's Movement this thesis concludes that the American women's intelligences constantly running through the whole history, apply an object reached (democracy "naturanta") to a means for the more advanced object to be reached (democracy "naturans"). So the American Women's Movement is really an aspect of Americans' exertions "for", "by" and "of" Democracy.

밑면이 가열된 五方形 空間내의 熱對流에 관한 數値解析

서해원,서이수,권순석 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1996 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The theoretical study addresses the nature of motions and heat transfer in confined rectangular enclosure heated from below and colled on the top simultaneously subject to themal wall conditions that the side walls are insulated or cooled alternately. Also the flow dynamics and the characteristics of convective performance are argued in the numerical scheme by using Grashof no. and Reynolds no. as variable parameters according to the moving conditions in which the natural convections are discussed for fixed condition and the forced and mixed convection also discussed for moving wall at constant speed. It is envisaged that follows below The circulation velocity caused by the buoyant effects exhibits the tendency toward increasing at low Reynolds no., especially this trend is obvious near Re=100. As Re no. is increased, the vortexflow produced at the corners in the low part is inclined to develop thus reduce heat transfer, especially this phenomenon turns to be clear by the advancement of multi-cell at Gr=10^5 and Re=400∼500. The vortex also occurs in the corner under the natural convection, however the effects of the eddy on the heat transfer seems to be more insignificant than in the forced and mixed case. It is also shown that the point at which heat transports best tends to shift from right to left as Re no. is increased, and the reduction of heat transfer neighbouring the wall side is remarkable inproportion to Grashof number.

백스테핑 방법을 이용한 TORA시스템 추종제어기 설계

양해원 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2000 工學技術論文集 Vol.9 No.1

본 논문에서는 TORA 시스템에 대한 안정도를 확인하고 백스테핑 방법을 이용해 제어기를설계하였다. 제어기를 설계하는 방법은 임의의 기준 입력을 통하여 안정화 함수를 구현하고, 이를 통한 가상입력을 순차적으로 구하였다. 이러한 가상 입력을 통하여 리아프노프 안정도를 만족시키는 백스테핑 제어기를 설계하고 이 제어기를 이용해 카트의 위치와 질량체의 위치각을 추종하였다. 또 제어기를 설계하는 방법에 있어 리아프노프 함수에 기존의 지수함수 대신 삼각함수를 포함시켜 시스템이 갖게 되는 와인딩 문제를 해결하였다. 이런 방법으로 설계된 제어기와 오차변수와 안정화함수를 다르게 선택해서 설계한 제어기를 갖고 모의실험에서 각 제어기의 응답을 비교하여 백스테핑 기법으로 같은 응답을 갖는 다른 제어기를 설계할 수 있음을 보였다. In this paper, we use the backstepping method to design active controllers for tracking the TORA system. This problem is much more challenging than stabilization. We show that the control effort of the closed-loop system can be significantly improved by exploiting the backstepping design. We track the position of the cart and the angle of the mass using the controller designed by the proposed backstepping method. Thus, to solve the winding problem, we exchange a quadratic term into a trigonometric term in the Lyapunov function. We can see the flexibility of the backstepping by means of the controller designed by using the different error variable and stabilizing function.

Effect of Carbon Dioxide and Fluorine from Soft Drinks on Teeth

Kim, Dong-Won김동원,Hong, Young-Gwan,Ryu, Hai-Il 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구 Vol.32 No.1

탄산 음료 속에 Carbon Dioxide 와 Fluorine이 치아에 미치는 영향을 치아의 질량변화를 통하여 알아 보았다. 음료수 중 콜라 속에서 치아의 질량 변화가 가장 컸으며, 콜라 속의 Phosphorus의 양을 정량한 결과, 142 ppm 이었으며, Carbon trioxide와 Phosphorus가 치아에 영향을 주는 물질임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 Fluorine의 농도가 진한 경우, 치아의 질량변화에 영향을 주었다.

비모형화 특성 및 외란을 갖는 비선형 시스템에 대한 강인한 적응 제어기 설계에 관한 연구

현근호,양해원 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1

In this paper we present a robust adaptive backstepping output-feedback controller for nonlinear systems perturbed by unmodelled dynamics and disturbances. The adaptive backstepping controller has been extremely successful in the last several years for nominal nonlinear and linear systems. However, the systems perturbed by unmodelled dynamics and disturbances have not been well studied in case of the adaptive backstepping controller. We will use "Switching-σ Modification" in the update law which has been used in the conventional robust adaptive controller and a modified control law to attenuate the effects of unmodelled dynamics and disturbances for nonlinear systems. The plant dynamics that ale represented by an output-feedback form will be transformed to the adaptive observer form by the recently developed Marino-Tomei (MT) filter. We analyze convergence, stability and transient characteristics of the resulting closed-loop system. The feasibility of the proposed controller and its performance are demonstrated by some suitable simulations.