Korean Red Ginseng Attenuates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation via AMPK Activation in Human Hepatoma Cells

Hai-Yan Quan,Hai-Dan Yuan,Do Yeon Kim,Ya Zhang,정성현 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.1

In this study, we examined Korean red ginseng (KRG) extract affects on the lipid metabolism in HepG2cells. Increase in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)phosphorylation was observed when the cells were treated with KRG. Activation of AMPK was also demonstrated by measuring the phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA caboxylase (ACC), a substrate of AMPK. KRG down-regulated gene expressions of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) and its target proteins, such as fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) in time- and dose-dependent fashions. In contrast, gene expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα) and CD36 were increased. These effects were reversed in the presence of compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. However, there were no differences in gene expressions of SREBP2, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, and low-density-lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Taken together, KRG induced supression of SREBP1c and activation of PPARα via AMPK and these effects seem to be one of anti-hyperlipidemic mechanism of KRG in HepG2 cells.

Korean red ginseng extract alleviates advanced glycation end product-mediated renal injury

Quan, Hai Yan,Kim, Do Yeon,Chung, Sung Hyun The Korean Society of Ginseng 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.2

The effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on diabetic renal damage was investigated using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats showed loss of body weight gain, and increases in kidney weight and urine volume, whereas the oral administration of KRG at a dose of 100 or 250 mg/kg of body weight per day for 28 d prevented these diabetes-induced physiological abnormalities. Among the kidney function parameters, elevated plasma levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine in diabetic control rats tended to be lowered in KRG-treated rats. In addition, administration of KRG at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight in the diabetic rats showed significant decreases in serum glucose and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), implying that KRG might prevent the pathogenesis of diabetic complications caused by impaired glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. KRG also significantly reduced advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation and secretion from kidney of diabetic rats. Furthermore, KRG decreased the levels of N-(carboxymethyl) lysine and expression of AGE receptor. KRG also reduced the overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the kidney via deactivation of nuclear factor-kappa B. We also found that KRG prevented STZ-induced destruction of glomerular structure and significantly suppressed high glucose-induced fibronectin production. Taken together, KRG ameliorates abnormalities associated with diabetic nephropathy through suppression of inflammatory pathways activated by TNF-${\alpha}$ and AGEs. These findings indicate that KRG has a beneficial effect on pathological conditions associated with diabetic nephropathy.

Korean red ginseng extract alleviates advanced glycation end productmediated renal injury

Hai Yan Quan,Do Yeon Kim,Sung Hyun Chung 고려인삼학회 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.2

The effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on diabetic renal damage was investigated using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats showed loss of body weight gain, and increases in kidney weight and urine volume, whereas the oral administration of KRG at a dose of 100 or 250 mg/kg of body weight per day for 28 d prevented these diabetes-induced physiological abnormalities. Among the kidney function parameters, elevated plasma levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine in diabetic control rats tended to be lowered in KRG-treated rats. In addition, administration of KRG at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight in the diabetic rats showed significant decreases in serum glucose and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), implying that KRG might prevent the pathogenesis of diabetic complications caused by impaired glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. KRG also significantly reduced advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation and secretion from kidney of diabetic rats. Furthermore, KRG decreased the levels of N-(carboxymethyl) lysine and expression of AGE receptor. KRG also reduced the overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the kidney via deactivation of nuclear factor-kappa B. We also found that KRG prevented STZ-induced destruction of glomerular structure and significantly suppressed high glucose-induced fibronectin production. Taken together, KRG ameliorates abnormalities associated with diabetic nephropathy through suppression of inflammatory pathways activated by TNF-a and AGEs. These findings indicate that KRG has a beneficial effect on pathological conditions associated with diabetic nephropathy.

Ginsenoside Re lowers blood glucose and lipid levels via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in HepG2 cells and high-fat diet fed mice.

Quan, Hai-Yan,Yuan, Hai-Dan,Jung, Mi Song,Ko, Sung Kwon,Park, Young Guk,Chung, Sung Hyun D.A. Spandidos 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.29 No.1

<P>Ginsenoside Re is a protopanaxatriol-type saponin isolated from Panax ginseng berry. Although anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of Re have been reported by several groups, its mechanism of action is largely unknown until now. Here, we examine anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activities of Re and action mechanism(s) in human HepG2 hepatocytes and high-fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice. Re suppresses the hepatic glucose production via induction of orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP), and inhibits lipogenesis via suppression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and its target gene [fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1)] transcription. These effects were mediated through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and abolished when HepG2 cells were treated with an AMPK inhibitor, Compound C. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five groups: regular diet fed group (RD), high-fat diet fed group (HFD) and the HFD plus Re (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) groups. Re treatment groups were fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks, and then orally administered Re once a day for 3 weeks. The in vitro results are likely to hold true in an in vivo experiment, as Re markedly lowered blood glucose and triglyceride levels and protected against hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice. In conclusion, the current study suggest that ginsenoside Re improves hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia through activation of AMPK, and confers beneficial effects on type 2 diabetic patients with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.</P>

Caffeine attenuates lipid accumulation via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in HepG2 cells

Hai Yan Quan,Do Yeon Kim,Sung Hyun Chung 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2013 BMB Reports Vol.46 No.4

Licochalcone A Prevents Adipocyte Differentiation and Lipogenesis via Suppression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ and Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein Pathways

Quan, Hai-Yan,Baek, Nam In,Chung, Sung Hyun American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.60 No.20

<P>Licochalcone A (LA) has been shown to exert multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antifungal, anticancer, and osteogenic activities. The present study investigated the ability of LA to suppress the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, and its antiobesity activity was explored using high fat diet (HFD)-fed ICR mice. During the terminal differentiation process, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with LA, and the lipid contents were quantified along with any changes in the expression of biomarkers associated with adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. The results show that LA significantly reduced lipid accumulation and down-regulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, and their target genes (fatty acid binding protein, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase). In an animal study, body weight, triglyceride, cholesterol, and nonesterified fatty acid levels in the group given 10 mg/kg LA were significantly decreased by 14.0, 48.2, 58.9, and 73.5%, respectively. Transverse microcomputed tomography indicated that visceral fat depots in LA-treated mice were markedly reduced when compared with those of the HFD control group. In summary, these results suggest that LA exerts an antiobesity effect and that it is a candidate for future clinical trials.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2012/jafcau.2012.60.issue-20/jf2050763/production/images/medium/jf-2011-050763_0007.gif'></P>

중국 초등학생의 공학 창의적 문제해결력 향상을 위한 미세먼지 STEAM 프로그램 개발 사례 연구

권해연(Quan, Hai Yan),변문경(Byun, Moon Kyoung) 한국공학교육학회 2020 공학교육연구 Vol.23 No.2

Based on the constructivist learning environments model and the learner-centered psychological principles, STEAM education program with the theme of eliminating smog was developed. Through the program, senior elementary school students will learn and apply the convergence knowledge of science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics such as the human body s respiratory system (S), immune system (S), big data (M, T), computer programming(M), and aduino sensor utilization (E) directly to solve the problem. After expert validity testing, we found that developed program meet the standards of STEAM education program development and can develop creative thinking skills to find and solve problems in students daily lives. In addition, this study is meaningful in providing a reference example for the development of STEAM education programs that enhance convergence knowledge in the future.

Ginseng Leaf Extract Prevents High Fat Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia through AMPK Activation

Hai-Dan Yuan,Sung-Jip Kim,Hai-Yan Quan,Bo Huang,Sung-Hyun Chung 고려인삼학회 2010 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.34 No.4

This study evaluated the protective effects of ginseng leaf extract (GLE) against high fat-diet-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and explored the potential mechanism underlying these effects in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, high fat diet control (HFD), GLE-treated at 250 ㎎/㎏, and GLE-treated at 500 ㎎/㎏. To induce hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic states, mice were fed a high fat diet for 6 weeks and then administered GLE once daily for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment, we examined the effects of GLE on plasma glucose, lipid levels, and the expression of genes related to lipogenesis, lipolysis, and gluconeogenesis. Both GLE groups lowered levels of plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and non-esterified fatty acids when compared to those in HFD group. Histological analysis revealed significantly fewer lipid droplets in the livers of GLE-treated mice compared with HFD mice. To elucidate the mechanism, Western blots and RT-PCR were performed using liver tissue. Compared with HFD mice, GLE-treated mice showed higher levels of phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its substrate, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, but no differences in the expression of lipogenic genes such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1a, fatty acid synthase, sterol-CoA desaturase 1 and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase. However, the expression levels of lipolysis and fatty acid uptake genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and CD36 were increased. In addition, phospho-α and CD36 were increased. In addition, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression was decreased. These results suggest that GLE ameliorates hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and stimulating lipolysis, respectively, via AMPK activation.

Anti-Diabetic Effect of Pectinase-Processed Ginseng Radix (GINST) in High Fat Diet-Fed ICR Mice

Hai Dan Yuan,Hai Yan Quan,Mi Song Jung,Su Jung Kim,Bo Huang,Do Yeon Kim,Sung Hyun Chung 고려인삼학회 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.3

In the present study, we investigate anti-diabetic effect of pectinase-processed ginseng radix (GINST) in high fat diet-fed ICR mice. The ICR mice were divided into three groups: regular diet group, high fat diet control group (HFD), and GINST-treated group. To induce hyperglycemia, mice were fed a high fat diet for 10 weeks, and mice were administered with 300 mg/kg of GINST once a day for 5 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test revealed that GINST improved glucose tolerance after glucose challenge. Compared to the HFD control group, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were decreased by 57.8% (p<0.05) and 30.9% (p<0.01) in GINST-treated group, respectively. With decreased plasma glucose and insulin levels, the insulin resistance index of the GINST-treated group was reduced by 68.1% (p<0.01) compared to the HFD control group. Pancreas of GINST-treated mice preserved a morphological integrity of islets and consequently having more insulin contents. In addition, GINST up-regulated the levels of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its target molecule, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein expression in the skeletal muscle. Our results suggest that GINST ameliorates a hyperglycemia through activation of AMPK/GLUT4 signaling pathway, and has a therapeutic potential for type 2 diabetes.

AlGaN/GaN heterostructure pH sensor with multi-sensing segments

Dong, Yan,Son, Dong-hyeok,Dai, Quan,Lee, Jun-Hyeok,Won, Chul-Ho,Kim, Jeong-Gil,Kang, Seung-Hyeon,Lee, Jung-Hee,Chen, Dunjun,Lu, Hai,Zhang, Rong,Zheng, Youdou Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol.260 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>pH sensor is very important in various fields, and has triggered many types of devices based on different materials and mechanisms. How to improve the performances of the sensors is one of major challenges now. In the present paper, we developed an idea to improve the sensitivity of pH sensors based on AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) by introducing multi-sensing segments, and experimentally fabricated prototype devicesand then investigated their responses to aqueous solutions under different pH values. The optimized sensor exhibits a very high linear sensitivity of 1.35 mA/pH at drain-source voltage of 1.5 V, which is much higher than those of conventional pH sensors with single open gate sensing area. This indicates that the multi-sensing segments is very effective in increasing the sensitivity of the pH sensor, rather than simply increasing the sensing area. The sensors degrade after measurement in solution for a long working time, but they can recover to their initial states in a certain duration after washing, typically ∼24 h. Our finding paves new strategy for the future design of high sensitive and stable pH sensors based on HEMTs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Novel multi-sensing segments pH sensor is designed and fabricated by using AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor. </LI> <LI> Realizing very high sensitivity on the multi-sensing sensor, which is much higher than that of conventional geometric pH sensor. </LI> <LI> Achieved excellent performance stability with good recovery feature on the multi-sensing sensor. </LI> </UL> </P>