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Factors Influencing the Investor's Decision Making: The Moderating Role of Locus of Control
KAMRAN, Hafiz Waqas,QAISAR, Abthal,SULTANA, Nayyer,NAWAZ, Muhammad Atif,AHMAD, Hafiz Tanveer Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.12
Investors from the whole world are looking for those stock markets that are less affected by interest rates. Pakistan is a good place to invest and the investors from the whole world are considering Pakistan for future ventures. The current study, therefore, aims to analyze the factors affecting investors' decision making in Pakistan with the interaction effect of locus of control. The primary data are gathered from 300 respondents. Structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS) is used to analyze the interactions among variables. The study finds positive impact of availability and representative biases on investment decision making. The study could not find any moderating role of locus of control. The results imply that decisions made by Pakistani investors are driven by the most easily or currently available information and they trust on the information obtained from family and friends without any authentication and verification. One possible description of insignificant moderation effect of locus of control can be the sample traits used in the study, e.g., personal characteristics, that change from culture to culture. Another description of these findings may be the association between heuristic biases, including availability, representative and psychological biases and decision-making regarding investment is not personality specific.
Hafiz Furqan Ahmed,Honnyong Cha,Ashraf Ali Khan,Heung-Geun Kim 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
In this paper, a high-frequency isolated buck ac-ac converter is proposed using switching cell structure and coupled inductor, which is immune to damaging of switching devices because of open or short circuit problem. The proposed converter does not require any lossy RC snubber or sensing the input voltage polarity for implementation of dedicated soft commutation strategy, to solve the commutation problem. Although the proposed converter adds two coupled inductors to solve the commutation problem, however, the size of the transformer and output inductor can be reduced significantly. Moreover, all the passive components experience twice the switching frequency, and the use of external fast recovery diodes allow to further increase the switching frequency, which can significantly reduce the passive component sizes. The proposed converter has no dead time needed in switching signals and therefore, can produce high quality output waveforms. Analysis of the proposed converter and its operation are explained followed by the experimental results.
Outcomes of Large Volume Paracentesis in Cirrhotic Patients with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
( Hafiz Abdul Basit Siddiqui ),( Muhammad Tahir Khan ),( Hasnain Ali Shah ),( Rabeea Azmat ),( Saad Bin Zafar ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims & Background: Bacterial infections are one of the most frequent complication in cirrhosis, particularly in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and accounts for significant mortality. Ascites is one of the most common complications of hepatic cirrhosis (1). In a country like Pakistan where the prevalence of Hepatitis C is on the rise, end stage liver disease is becoming a common scenario (2-4). Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) occurs in 10-30% of such patients and is associated with high mortality rate among hospitalized patients (1, 5-7). The diagnosis of SBP through paracentesis is crucial in the management of SBP. SBP should be diagnosed early as for successful treatment of patients. Diagnostic paracentesis facilitates rapid initiation of antimicrobial therapy and permits optimal coverage in case a causative organism identified. However, more recently, the role of paracentesis in management of SBP is also explored through large volume removal of ascitic fluid. Despite the proposed risk of renal failure, Large Volume Paracentesis (LVP) among SBP patients has shown promising results indicated by lesser morbidity and mortality (8). Rationale of the study: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a serious infectious condition with grave outcome in cirrhotic patients. Large volume paracentesis decreases the burden of infective fluid causing further deterioration of condition. Outcomes of LVP in SBP patients are not clearly addressed in previous studies. Furthermore, to date, no study from the country has reported the effect of large volume paracentesis on the management of SBP in hospitalized patients. This study will assess the outcomes of LVP in patients with SBP, both in terms of length of stay, in hospital 6 week mortality. Objectives: To compare the treatment outcomes among patients with and without large volume paracentesis diagnosed with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Methods: Study design: Analytical Cross-sectional Study Setting: Gastroenterology Unit, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi Study Duration: 2 Years Study population: Patients admitted with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis to Gastroenterology Unit, the Aga Khan University Hospital Sample Size: Using OpenEpi.com online sample size calculator and using the differences in hospital stay among patients with and without delayed paracentesis as 36.84% and 21.48% (8) the sample size was calculated to be 200 at 95% confidence level (100 in each group). Sampling Technique: Consecutive Sampling Inclusion Criteria: Patients admitted with ascites found to have spontaneous bacterial peritonitis on diagnostic paracentesis. 1) Patients with complete records 2) Above 18 and below 75 years of age Exclusion criteria: 1) Incomplete records 2) Secondary peritonitis Data Collection: The data will be extracted from the records and information analyzed will be patient age, gender, whether the patients receive large volume paracentesis or not, the length of hospital stay, and length of ICU stay. No patient will be enrolled for the study and retrospective data analysis will be carried out. Conclusions: Extracted data till now favours that LVP in patients with SBP translates into significantly positive outcomes in terms of length of hospital stay, spcecial care unit stay, need for terlipressin infusions, in hosptial mortality and 6 weeks mortality post large volume paracentesis. Hence LVP shoiuld be performed in patients suffering from SBP.
A High Frequency Isolated Single-Phase Impedance-Source AC-AC Converter
Hafiz Furqan Ahmed,Zeeshan Aleem,Honnyong Cha,Heung-Guen Kim 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
This paper deals with a new family of single-phase impedance source ac-ac converters which employs a high frequency transformer between the impedance source network and the load. The proposed structure have unique features: providing a wide range of output ac voltage with buck-boost, maintaining or reversing the phase angle, and reduced inrush and harmonic current component. In addition to the aforementioned benefits the proposed converter incorporates a high frequency transformer which provides isolation between input and output, and removes the need for bulky 60 Hz low frequency transformer which improves the efficiency of the converter in terms of size, weight and cost of the transformer. Moreover, high frequency transformer can also be utilized in adjusting the gain of the converter. An experimental prototype of proposed converter is built and tested to prove its performance and effectiveness.
Hafiz Miqdad Masood,Sultan Mahmood,Waqar Ali khan,Khurram Shahzad 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.61 No.4
Pakistan depends heavily on imports for its fuel requirements. In this experiment, catalytic pyrolysis of a blend of feedstock’s consisting of date seed, wheat straw, and corn cob was conducted in a fixed bed reactor to produce oil that can be used as an alternative fuel. The main focus was to emphasize the outcome of important variables on the produced oil. The effects of operating conditions on the yield of bio-oil were studied by changing temperature (350- 500℃), heating rate (10, 15, 20℃/min), and particle size (1, 2, 3 mm). Moreover, ZnO was used as a catalyst in the process. First, the thermal degradation of the feedstock was investigated by TGA and DTG analysis at 10℃/min of different particle sizes of 1, 2, and 3mm from a temperature range of 0 to 1000℃. The optimum temperature was found to be 450℃ for maximum degradation, and the oil yield was indicated to be around 37%. It was deduced from the experiment that the maximum production of bio-oil was 32.21% at a temperature of 450℃, a particle size of 1mm, and a heating rate of 15℃/min. When using the catalyst under the same operating conditions, the bio-oil production increased to 41.05%. The heating value of the produced oil was 22 MJ/kg compared to low-quality biodiesel oil, which could be used as a fuel.
Nature of Complex Network of Dengue Epidemic as a Scale-Free Network
Hafiz Abid Mahmood Malik,Faiza Abid,Nadeem Mahmood,Mohamed Ridza Wahiddin,Asif Malik 대한의료정보학회 2019 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.25 No.3
Objectives: Dengue epidemic is a dynamic and complex phenomenon that has gained considerable attention due to its injurious effects. The focus of this study is to statically analyze the nature of the dengue epidemic network in terms of whether it follows the features of a scale-free network or a random network. Methods: A multifarious network of Aedes aegypti is addressed keeping the viewpoint of a complex system and modelled as a network. The dengue network has been transformed into a one-mode network from a two-mode network by utilizing projection methods. Furthermore, three network features have been analyzed, the power-law, clustering coefficient, and network visualization. In addition, five methods have been applied to calculate the global clustering coefficient. Results: It has been observed that dengue epidemic follows a powerlaw, with the value of its exponent γ = –2.1. The value of the clustering coefficient is high for dengue cases, as weight of links. The minimum method showed the highest value among the methods used to calculate the coefficient. Network visualization showed the main areas. Moreover, the dengue situation did not remain the same throughout the observed period. Conclusions: The results showed that the network topology exhibits the features of a scale-free network instead of a random network. Focal hubs are highlighted and the critical period is found. Outcomes are important for the researchers, health officials, and policy makers who deal with arbovirus epidemic diseases. Zika virus and Chikungunya virus can also be modelled and analyzed in this manner.